Materials Literature
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In this article we expose the technics used to characterize the materials of the ceiling that covers the Mayor sacristy of Seville's Cathedral and the causes of the loosening of mortar and stone fragments, we also expose some ways to overcome this fact.
The present study is part of a wide-ranging research on a group of archaeological sites located in Andalucía (Spain) whose main aim was a better understanding of these sites within a geomorphological, biological and climatic context. This specific investigation concerns the alteration processes affecting the rupestral…
In order to study the reaction or susceptibility of Nd:YAG laser cleaned stones to polluted atmospheres, several types of stone, both cemented (limestone) and crystalline (marble, granite), were exposed to an atmosphere having simulated SO2 pollution. The subsequent effects on the specimens were assessed for variation…
The present research analyses the possibility to reinforce gypsum using enea fibres (Typha Latifolia) creating a compound material in wich the fibres contribute to increase mechanical resistance, producing as well a reduction of the weight and a possible regulation of the set time.
The application of thermal spray coatings has been effective in preventing corrosion of steel and iron products. It has been used in a wide range of applications spreading from the petroleum to the food industry. In this work, the performance and effectiveness of a two-layered aluminum-based thermal spray coating appl…
Specimens of ferritic and martensitic steels have been exposed to steam atmospheres at 550 °C using three different experimental procedures. Slight differences in scale growth kinetics were observed but the major differences were in the morphology of the oxide scales that were formed. The microstructures of the scales…
Composite coatings (Ti,Al)N with different Al content were deposited on a wrought martensite steel 1Cr11Ni2W2MoV by reactive multi-arc ion plating. With the addition of Al to the coatings, the crystallographic structure of them changed from B1 NaCl to B4 ZnS, the relevant hardness and adhesive strength firstly increas…
This paper summarizes the development of an information system used to manage corrosion of metals and alloys by high temperature gases found in many different oil refining, petrochemical, power generation, and chemical processes. The database currently represents about 7.9 million h of exposure time for about 5,500 te…
Nano-structured materials often possess special properties that materials with identical compositions but ordinary grain size do not have. This paper reports our work on the surface nano-crystallisation and nano-structured alloy and composite coatings. A number of processing methods including magnetron sputtering, the…
High temperature solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) offer an environmentally friendly technology to convert gaseous fuels such as hydrogen, natural gas or gasified coal into electricity at high efficiencies. Besides the efficiency, higher than those obtained from the traditional energy conversion systems, a fuel cell prov…
Increased interest in the development of renewable energy technologies has been hencouraged by the introduction of legislative measures in Europe to reduce CO2 emissions from power generation in response to the potential threat of global warming. Of these technologies, biomass-firing represents a high priority because…
Sources that can lead to deterioration of steam superheater tubes of a high pressure boiler were studied by a stress analysis, focused on internal pressure and temperature experienced by the material at real operating conditions. Loss of flame control, internal deposits and unexpected peak charge are factors that gene…
The addition of small quantities of reactive elements such as rare earths (RE) to chromia or alumina forming alloys improves the high temperature oxidation resistance. Traditionally, these elements are alloying additions or are added as oxides to form a dispersion. The alloys can also be coated with RE oxides. Several…
The large majority of electric power that is generated world-wide involves heat engines of one kind or another. The significant exceptions are hydroelectric generation; wind; and photovoltaics. The thermal sources for the heat engines include: fossil fuels, nuclear fission, biomass, geothermal sources, and solar radia…
Advanced ceramics are considered as components in energy related systems, because they are known to be strong, wear and corrosion resistant in many environments, even at temperatures well exceeding 1000 °C. However, the presence of additives or impurities in important ceramics, for example those based on Silicon Nitri…