Materials Literature
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SUMMARY 1. Two experiments were performed with periphytic diatoms originating from the River Lot (France) and allowed to grow on clean substrata within indoor artificial streams. Three cadmium (Cd) levels (control, low Cd=10 μg L −1 and high Cd=100 μg L −1 ) were used to test the effects of Cd on (i) the settlement an…
The novel, functionalized heteropolymolybdates [RPMo(6)O(21)(O(2)CCH(2)NH(3))(3)](2)(-) (R = OH, CH(3), C(2)H(5), H) have been synthesized and characterized by IR, (31)P NMR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. Single-crystal X-ray analysis was carried out on K(2)[HOPMo(6)O(21)(O(2)CCH(2)NH(3))(3)].8.5H(2)O, which cr…
Magnetoelectronic and optical properties of carbon nanotubes are, respectively, studied within the ${\mathrm{sp}}^{3}$ tight-binding model and the gradient approximation. They strongly depend on the magnitude and the direction of the magnetic field, the nanotube geometry (radius and chiral angle), and the Zeeman split…
The intrinsic ordering tendencies that limit ionic conduction in doped zirconia electrolytes are fully elucidated using first-principles calculations. A detailed analysis of nearly 300 yttria- and scandia-stabilized cubic-zirconia-ordered vacancy compounds reveals a delicate balance between competing elastic and elect…
We report the fabrication of novel metal oxide-coated polymeric nanofibers using the electrospinning technique. Polyacrylonitrile fibers were electrospun into a nonwoven fiber membrane. The membranes were subsequently immersed in an aqueous solution of metal halide salts and halogen scavengers at room temperature to a…
Octaaminophenylsilsesquioxane (OAPS) can serve as a nanosized building block for the construction of materials with nanometer control of the periodicity of the organic and inorganic components and bonding between components. We describe here the synthesis of a prototypical three-dimensional polyimide by reaction of OA…
Abstract Experimental data are reported on moisture diffusion and the elastoplastic response of an intercalated nanocomposite with vinyl ester resin matrix and montmorillonite clay filler at room temperature. Observations in diffusion tests showed that water transport in the neat resin is Fickian, whereas it becomes a…
We demonstrate the phase transfer of dodecylamine (DDA)-capped colloidal gold particles dispersed in an organic solvent into water containing the cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). Vigorous shaking of the biphasic mixture results in the rapid phase transfer of DDA-capped gold nanoparticles fro…
Porphyrin architectures bearing a hydrogen-bonding scaffold have been synthesized. The H-bond pendant allows proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) to be utilized as a vehicle for effecting catalytic O-O bond activation chemistry. Suzuki cross-coupling reactions provide a modular synthetic strategy for the attachment…
The predictions of a class of phenomenological trap models of supercooled liquids are tested via computer simulation of a model glass-forming liquid. It is found that a model with a Gaussian distribution of trap energies provides a good description of the landscape dynamics, even at temperatures above T(c), the critic…
A new implementation of the GW approximation (GWA) based on the all-electron Projector-Augmented-Wave method (PAW) is presented, where the screened Coulomb interaction is computed within the Random Phase Approximation (RPA) instead of the plasmon-pole model. Two different ways of computing the self-energy are reported…
We present new efficient (O(N log N)) methods for computing three quantities crucial to electronic structure calculations: the ionic potential, the electron-ion contribution to the Born-Oppenheimer forces, and the electron-ion contribution to the stress tensor. The present methods are applicable to calculations in whi…
We present an accurate determination of the refractive index of hydrogen, helium, H2O and neon up to 35 GPa at ambient temperature. The experimental method is based on the combination of two interferometric signals of the Fabry-Perot cavity containing the sample in the diamond anvil cell. The data are put in perspecti…
The high-temperature behavior of CsH 2 PO 4 has been carefully examined under both ambient and high pressure (1.0 ± 0.2 GPa) conditions. Ambient pressure experiments encompassed thermal analysis, AC impedance spectroscopy, 1 H NMR spectroscopy, and polarized light microscopy. Simultaneous thermogravimetric analysis, d…
A series of electrochromic N-substituted poly(3,4-propylenedioxypyrrole)s (PProDOPs) are reported, which exhibit the combined properties of a high (>3 eV) electronic band gap, colored oxidatively doped forms, and easily accessible, low redox potentials. Utilizing methyl (Me), propyl (Pr), octyl (Oct), propanesulfonate…
Three novel coordination polymers [Pb(bbbm)(2)(NO(3))(2)](n) (bbbm = 1,1'-(1,4-butanediyl)bis-1H-benzimidazole) 1, [Zn(bbbt)(NCS)(2)](n) (bbbt = 1,1'-(1,4-butanediyl)bis-1H-benzotriazole) 2, and [Zn(pbbt)(NCS)(2)](n) (pbbt = 1,1'-(1,3-propylene)bis-1H-benzotriazole) 3 were synthesized and structurally characterized. P…
Amphiphiles are molecules which have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts. In water- and/or oil-like solvent, they self-assemble into extended sheet-like structures due to the hydrophobic effect. The free energy of an amphiphilic system can be written as a functional of its interfacial geometry, and phase diagrams c…
Here we report the first synthesis of Dy(OH)(3) nanotubes by facile hydrothermal treatment of bulky Dy(2)O(3) crystals. Dy(OH)(3) nanotubes were calcined to produce Dy(2)O(3) nanotubes. Ho(OH)(3) and Ho(2)O(3) nanotubes were also obtained by the same method. The growth of nanotubes occurred through a dissolution-recry…
The apparent contact angle of a drop on a rough surface is often modeled using either Wenzel's or Cassie's formulas. Previous experiments are not conclusive regarding which formula to use and when. This information is critical in designing a superhydrophobic substrate for applications in microscale devices. A drop on…
The epidermis of the amphibious mudskipper fish, Boleophthalmus pectinirostris, consists of three layers: the outermost layer, middle layer and stratum germinativum. The outermost layer consists of polygonal cells or rather flattened cells arranged in one to eight layers. In between these cells, round small cells and…