Materials Literature
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Abstract The electroactive copolymer of poly(acryloyl chloride) (PAC) and polypyrrole (PPy) can be synthesized by electrochemical polymerization using a polymer precursor which contains a pyrrole moiety in its side chain. Poly(acryloyl pyrrole) (PAP) was synthesized chemically with acryloyl chloride and potassium pyrr…
A one‐dimensional nonisothermal model has been developed for the “rapid carbothermal reduction” synthesis of fine silicon carbide powders. Intrinsic reaction and self‐diffusion kinetics are identified through simulation of the model and comparison to experimental results. The reaction rate follows a shrinking‐core mec…
Hydrogen-induced degradation in Pb(ZrxTi1−x)O3 (PZT) thin film capacitors is investigated in terms of three process parameters, such as electrode structures (Pt/PZT/Pt and Ir/IrO2/PZT/Pt/IrO2), Zr/Ti compositional ratios (60/40, 53/47, 40/60, 30/70), and the domain poling states (±5 V). It was found that the hydrogen-…
A comparative study is made of the copper corrosion rate and corrosion products originated by acetic and formic acid vapours at 40%, 80% and 100% relative humidity (RH) using gravimetric, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques. Five acetic and formic acid…
There is much interest in developing industrial processes to manufacture extruded polystyrene foam that do not involve ozone depleting blowing agents. A popular alternate candidate is HFC-134a. It has a zero ozone depletion factor and is nearer in chemical structure to standard blowing agents (CFC-22 and HCFC-142b) th…
Nonoriented electrical steels have been cut using pulsed or continuous-laser techniques and mechanical cutting has been used as a reference. The corresponding states of internal stresses at the cut edges have been systematically investigated by X-ray diffraction, for both laser and mechanical cut samples. The characte…
Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulation software provides deeper insight into dye liquor flow through a yarn bobbin and a dyeing vessel in a textile dyeing machine. In these calculations, the flow model is based on the Navier-Stokes equations for turbulent incompressible liquids, in which the yam pac…
The vibration spectrum of perfect carbon nanotubes is studied using a two-parametric potential which includes pairwise and three-particle interatomic interactions. This potential was proposed by Keating and allows one to take into account the elasticity of pairwise interatomic bonds and the elasticity associated with…
Treatment of trichlorotris(tetrahydrofuran)vanadium(III) with (3,5-di-tert-butylpyrazolato)potassium (1, 2, or 3 equiv.) in tetrahydrofuran afforded V(tBu2Pz)Cl2(THF)2 (48%), V(tBu2Pz)2Cl(THF)2 (67%), and V(tBu2Pz)3(THF) (77%), respectively, as purple crystalline solids. The X-ray crystal structures of V(tBu2Pz)Cl2(TH…
Nanocapsules, fuzzy assemblies of polyelectrolyte, represent a comparatively new class of colloids with controlled nanostructure and tunable properties. Due to the fact that the core as well as the dissolution influences the wall texture and the properties of the hollow capsules, the use of carbonate crystals as templ…
The microscopic mechanism of spontaneous polarization and refractive indices in 180° ferroelectric domain walls of tetragonal Barium titanate (BaTiO3) is discussed by using a microscopic model. This model bases on the orbital approximation in correlation with the dipole–dipole interaction due to the local field acting…
ABSTRACT Zein has been studied extensively for use as an edible, biodegradable food film. To function as such, as much as 40–50% oleic acid is added as a plasticizing agent. Over the course of time, these films became discolored and developed off‐odors. It was speculated that this was due to oxidation of incorporated…
Abstract Interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) based on carboxylated nitrile rubber (XNBR) and poly(methyl methacrylate)s were synthesized. Crosslinked XNBR was swollen in methyl methacrylate containing benzoyl peroxide as initiator and tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate as crosslinking agent. The compositions of…
The vaporization of the samples of the compositions Ga 2 O 3 + LaGaO 3 , LaGaO 3 + La 4 Ga 2 O 9 , and La 4 Ga 2 O 9 + La 2 O 3 was investigated using Knudsen effusion mass spectrometry in the temperature range 1494–1937 K. The partial pressures of the gaseous species O 2 , Ga, GaO, Ga 2 O, and LaO were determined ove…
This article describes the noncovalent synthesis of water-soluble coordination assemblies based on SCS PdII pincer moieties. Two neutral solubilizing moieties, one based on a linear carbohydrate chain and the other on tetraethylene glycol residues, have been functionalized with pyridine and phosphane ligands. The coor…
The crystal structure of cation-deficient calciohilairite from the Lovozero massif (the Kola Peninsula) was established (Siemens P4 diffractometer, Mo K α radiation, 409 independent reflections with | F | > 4σ( F ), anisotropic refinement, R ( F ) = 0.037). Like other representatives of the hilairite structure type, c…
A new family of symmetrically and unsymmetrically-substituted 4,4′-bis[(dialkylamino)styryl]-2,2′-bipyridine ligands, containing 1−4 hydroxy groups on their dialkylamino moieties, have been synthesized. They are readily prepared in good to excellent yields from 4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine and tetrahydropyranyloxy-pr…
The thermal stability and electrical properties of plasma-treated TaN films have been investigated by Cu/TaN/Si systems. The properties of diffusion barrier were evaluated by sheet resistance, x-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy-dispersive spe…
Existing widely known environmental assessment models, primarily those for Life Cycle Assessment of manufactured products and buildings, were reviewed to grasp their characteristics, since the past several years have seen a significant increase in interest and research activity in the development of building environme…
The open-circuit potential (OCP) values of Type 316L (UNS S31603) stainless steel and Ti-6Al-4V (UNS R56400) corrosion coupons, exposed to fresh river water, were ennobled to as high as 365 mV vs saturated calomel electrode (SCE) and 400 mVSCE, respectively. With microchemical imaging capabilities and high-detection s…