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Thermally Irreversible Photochromic Systems. Reversible Photocyclization of 1,2-Bis(benzo[b]thiophen-3-yl)ethene Derivatives

Kingo Uchida、Yasuhide Nakayama、Masahiro Irie1990-05-01Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan

Abstract 1,2-Bis(benzo[b]thiophen-3-yl)ethene derivatives, which possess thermally irreversible and fatigue resistant photochromic properties, were synthesized, cis-1,2-Dicyano-1,2-bis(2-methylbenzo[b]thiophen-3-yl)ethene 1a and 2,3-bis(2-methylbenzo[b]thiophen-3-yl)maleic anhydride 2a underwent reversible photocycliz…

Organic Chemistry Cycloaddition ReactionsPhotochromic and Fluorescence ChemistryRadical Photochemical Reactions

Asymmetric hydroxylation, epoxidation, and sulfoxidation catalyzed by vaulted binaphthyl metalloporphyrins

John T. Groves、Péter Viski1990-05-01The Journal of Organic Chemistry

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAsymmetric hydroxylation, epoxidation, and sulfoxidation catalyzed by vaulted binaphthyl metalloporphyrinsJohn T. Groves and Peter ViskiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 11, 3628–3634Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published…

Porphyrin and Phthalocyanine ChemistryMetal-Catalyzed Oxygenation MechanismsOrganic Chemistry Cycloaddition Reactions

The morphology of symmetric diblock copolymers as revealed by neutron reflectivity

Spiros H. Anastasiadis、Thomas P. Russell、Sushil K. Satija 等 4 位作者1990-05-01The Journal of Chemical Physics

The specular reflectivity of neutrons has been used to characterize quantitatively the microphase separated morphology of symmetric, diblock copolymers of polystyrene (PS), and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), as a function of the total molecular weight of the copolymer where either block is perdeuterated. It is shown t…

Theoretical and Computational PhysicsMaterial Dynamics and PropertiesBlock Copolymer Self-Assembly

Cyanovinylheteroaromatics for Organic Nonlinear Optics

M. Matsuoka、Mitsukazu Takao、T. KITAO 等 5 位作者1990-05-01Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Incorporating Nonlinear Optics

Effects of various substituents including chromophores on the second harmonic generation (SHG) of Cyanovinylheteroaromatics were examined. The molecular polarizability was calculated by the PPP MO method to correlate SHG responsiveness with chemical structures. 3-[(2-cyano-2-ethoxycarbonyl)ethenyl]indole 8b exhibited…

Nonlinear Optical Materials ResearchPorphyrin and Phthalocyanine ChemistryPhotochemistry and Electron Transfer Studies

The segregation of nickel-related optical centres in the octahedral growth sectors of synthetic diamond

A. T. Collinss、H. Kanda、R. C. BURNS1990-05-01Philosophical Magazine B

The vibronic absorption bands with zero-phonon lines at 1·40, 1·883, and 2·51 eV, the broad absorption band with a maximum near 1·4eV and the series of absorption lines near 3·1 eV, the vibronic luminescence bands with zero-phonon lines at 1·40eV and 2·56 eV, all associated with nickel-related optical centres in synth…

Phase-change materials and chalcogenidesDiamond and Carbon-based Materials ResearchLaser Material Processing Techniques

Structural transformation of non-oxide chalcogenide glasses. The short-range order of lithium sulfide (Li2S)-phosphorus pentasulfide (P2S5) glasses studied by quantitative phosphorus-31, lithium-6, and lithium-7 high-resolution solid-state NMR

Hellmut Eckert、Zhengming Zhang、John H. Kennedy1990-05-01Chemistry of Materials

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructural transformation of non-oxide chalcogenide glasses. The short-range order of lithium sulfide (Li2S)-phosphorus pentasulfide (P2S5) glasses studied by quantitative phosphorus-31, lithium-6, and lithium-7 high-resolution solid-state NMRHellmut Eckert, Zhengming Zhang,…

Advanced NMR Techniques and ApplicationsPhase-change materials and chalcogenidesSolid-state spectroscopy and crystallography

Modeling Temperature and Strain Rate Dependent Large Deformations of Metals

Douglas J. Bammann1990-05-01Applied Mechanics Reviews

We review the development of a strain rate and temperature dependent plasticity model for finite deformation. In particular we address both the method of determining the parameters of the model and the engineering meaning of the parameters in terms of uniaxial stress-strain curves. The ability of the model to predict…

Microstructure and mechanical propertiesHigh-Velocity Impact and Material BehaviorMetallurgy and Material Forming

Oxygen quenching of electronically excited hexanuclear molybdenum and tungsten halide clusters

Julie A. Jackson、Claudia Turró、Mark D. Newsham 等 4 位作者1990-05-01The Journal of Physical Chemistry

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxygen quenching of electronically excited hexanuclear molybdenum and tungsten halide clustersJulie A. Jackson, Claudia. Turro, Mark D. Newsham, and Daniel G. NoceraCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 11, 4500–4507Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1990Publication History Publi…

Molecular Junctions and NanostructuresMagnetism in coordination complexesInorganic Chemistry and Materials

Cross Sections for Collisions of Electrons and Photons with Atomic Oxygen

Yukikazu Itikawa、A. Ichimura1990-05-01Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data

Data have been compiled on the cross sections for the collisions of electrons and photons with atomic oxygen (O). The processes considered are total scattering, elastic scattering, momentum transfer, excitations of electronic states (including fine structure levels of the ground state), ionization, and electron attach…

Catalytic Processes in Materials ScienceLaser-induced spectroscopy and plasmaAtomic and Molecular Physics

Electron microscopy study of delamination in dispersions of the perovskite-related layered phases K[Ca2Nan-3NbnO3n-1]: evidence for single-layer formation

M.M.J. Treacy、S.B. Rice、Allan J. Jacobson 等 4 位作者1990-05-01Chemistry of Materials

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectron microscopy study of delamination in dispersions of the perovskite-related layered phases K[Ca2Nan-3NbnO3n-1]: evidence for single-layer formationM. M. J. Treacy, S. B. Rice, Allan J. Jacobson, and J. T. LewandowskiCite this: Chem. Mater. 1990, 2, 3, 279–286Publicati…

Thermal Expansion and Ionic ConductivityMicrowave Dielectric Ceramics SynthesisFerroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials

Low resistivity indium–tin oxide transparent conductive films. II. Effect of sputtering voltage on electrical property of films

S. Ishibashi、Yoshiyuki Higuchi、Yukihide Ota 等 4 位作者1990-05-01Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A Vacuum Surfaces and Films

A low resistivity and high transmittance Sn doped In2O3 (ITO) film was formed on a glass substrate by dc magnetron sputtering and lower sputtering voltage gave a lower resistivity film. At a sputtering voltage of −250 V, the resistivity obtained was 5.0×10−4Ω cm for room temperature substrate, 2.0×10−4Ω cm for 160 °C…

ZnO doping and propertiesGas Sensing Nanomaterials and SensorsThin-Film Transistor Technologies

Genetic Engineering of Structural Protein Polymers

Joseph Cappello、John Crissman、Mary Dorman 等 7 位作者1990-05-01OpenAlex

Genetic and protein engineering are components of a new polymer chemistry that provide the tools for producing macromolecular polyamide copolymers of diversity and precision far beyond the current capabilities of synthetic polymer chemistry. The genetic machinery allows molecular control of chemical and physical chain…

Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in InsectsSilk-based biomaterials and applicationsBacteriophages and microbial interactions

Estimate of the Activation Energies for Boundary Diffusion from Rate‐Controlled Sintering of Pure Alumina, and Alumina Doped with Zirconia or Titania

Jenqdaw Wang、Rishi Raj1990-05-01OpenAlex

Sintering experiments at constant heating rates were employed to estimate the activation energy for sintering in alumina and in alumina containing 5 vol% zirconia or 5 vol% titania. Grain growth, which can complicate the analysis of sintering kinetics data, was suppressed by using uniformly and densely packed grain co…

Intermetallics and Advanced Alloy PropertiesAdvanced ceramic materials synthesisAdvanced materials and composites

Toughening of a Particulate‐Reinforced Ceramic‐Matrix Composite by Thermal Residual Stress

Minoru Taya、Shinya Hayashi、A. S. Kobayashi 等 4 位作者1990-05-01OpenAlex

The micromechanics involved in increased crack growth resistance, K R , due to the addition of TiB 2 particulate in a SiC matrix was analyzed both experimentally and theoretically. The fractography evidence, in which, the advancing crack was attracted to adjacent particulates, was attributed to the tensile region surr…

Advanced ceramic materials synthesisAdvanced materials and compositesAluminum Alloys Composites Properties

Water soluble hyperbranched polyphenylene: "a unimolecular micelle?"

Young H. Kim、Owen W. Webster1990-05-01OpenAlex

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTWater soluble hyperbranched polyphenylene: "a unimolecular micelle?"Young H. Kim and Owen W. WebsterCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 11, 4592–4593Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1990https://pubs…

Polymer Surface Interaction StudiesMolecular Junctions and NanostructuresDendrimers and Hyperbranched Polymers

Molecular recognition directed self‐assembly of supramolecular liquid crystalline polymers from complementary chiral components

C. Fouquey、Jean‐Marie Lehn、Anne‐Marie Levelut1990-05-01OpenAlex

The self‐assembly of intelligent supermolecular materials , for example, liquid crystalline polymers, is the subject of this communication. Employing units based on tartaric acid in the molecular recognition process (see figure) allows the effects of chirality to be investigated as the recognition which occurs at a mo…

Analytical Chemistry and ChromatographyLiquid Crystal Research AdvancementsMolecular spectroscopy and chirality

Ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide: characterization of a new class of contrast agents for MR imaging.

Ralph Weissleder、G Elizondo、J Wittenberg 等 6 位作者1990-05-01OpenAlex

An ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) preparation was developed that is small enough to migrate across the capillary wall, a prerequisite in the design of targetable particulate pharmaceuticals. Seventy percent of particles were smaller than 10 nm; 26%, smaller than 5 nm. The blood half-life of USPIO in r…

Folate and B Vitamins ResearchNanoparticle-Based Drug DeliveryMRI in cancer diagnosis

Atomic charges derived from semiempirical methods

Brent Besler、Kenneth M. Merz、Peter A. Kollman1990-05-01OpenAlex

Abstract It is demonstrated that semiempirical methods give electrostatic potential (ESP) derived atomic point charges that are in reasonable agreement with ab initio ESP charges. Furthermore, we find that MNDO ESP charges are superior to AM1 ESP charges in correlating with ESP charges derived from the 6‐31G* basis se…

Surface and Thin Film PhenomenaMachine Learning in Materials ScienceElectron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques

Glass formation and short-range order in chalcogenide materials: The (Ag2S)x(As2S3)1−x(0≤x≤1) pseudobinary tie line

I. T. Penfold、Philip S. Salmon1990-04-30Physical Review Letters

The isotopic substitution method in neutron diffraction is applied to two chalcogenide glasses on the (${\mathrm{Ag}}_{2}$S${)}_{\mathit{x}}$(${\mathrm{As}}_{2}$${\mathrm{S}}_{3}$${)}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$ (0\ensuremath{\le}x\ensuremath{\le}1) tie line of the Ag-As-S system. It is shown that there is a…

Glass properties and applicationsPhase-change materials and chalcogenidesSolid-state spectroscopy and crystallography

Percolation on a self-assembled network: Decoration of polyethylene gels with conducting polymer

A. Fizazi、Jeff Moulton、K. Pakbaz 等 6 位作者1990-04-30Physical Review Letters

Conducting gels of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene and the soluble conjugated polymer poly(3-octylthiophene), P3OT, were prepared by thermoreversible gelation from semidilute solutions in decalin, and subsequent doping with iodine. We report the results of frequency-dependent complex conductivity measurements…

Conducting polymers and applicationsAdvanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting MaterialsDielectric materials and actuators