Materials Literature
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Molecular dynamics simulations of nanocrystalline copper under shock loading show an unexpected ultrahigh strength behind the shock front, with values up to twice those at low pressure. Partial and perfect dislocations, twinning, and debris from dislocation interactions are found behind the shock front. Results are in…
Unique single-crystalline octahedral Cu2O nanocages (see Figure) are synthesized in solution by the catalytic reduction of copper tartrate complex into octahedral Cu2O nanocrystals and a subsequent spontaneous hollowing process. A wealth of colorful nanostructures with widely tunable bandgaps in the range 2.6–2.2 eV a…
The thermoelectric power of polycrystalline PbTe samples containing nanometer-sized precipitates of Pb metal is enhanced over that of bulk PbTe. Samples of PbTe containing excess Pb and Ag were prepared using conventional metallurgical heat treatments. These samples are shown, by x-ray diffraction, by microscopy, and…
Short chains and complex networks of interconnected Au nanoparticle chains (see Figure) are produced by a simple template-free approach. Optical spectroscopy and computer simulations show that surface plasmons from individual non-contacting nanoparticles are strongly coupled in the resulting 1D superstructures. These…
A phenomenological thermodynamic potential was constructed based on the properties of bulk BaTiO3 single crystals. An eighth-order polynomial of Landau-Devonshire expansion was employed. It reproduces bulk properties including the three possible ferroelectric transition temperatures and their dependence on electric fi…
Biopolymer chitosan/multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) nanocomposites have been successfully prepared by a simple solution-evaporation method. The morphology and mechanical properties of the chitosan/MWNTs nanocomposites have been characterized with field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), bright field tra…
To investigate the early stages of nucleation and growth of As precipitates in GaAs grown at low substrate temperature, we make use of a self-consistent-charge density-functional based tight-binding method. Since a pair of As antisites already shows a significant binding energy which increases when more As antisites a…
We found direct experimental evidence for an orbital switching in the V 3d states across the metal-insulator transition in VO$_{2}$. We have used soft-x-ray absorption spectroscopy at the V $L_{2,3}$ edges as a sensitive local probe, and have determined quantitatively the orbital polarizations. These results strongly…
Hydroquinone mono methyl ether (HMME) is industrially a very important anti-oxidant, produced by environmentally undesirable routes. In the current studies, HMME was synthesized from hydroquinone and methanol catalyzed by various solid acids using montmorillonite clay (K10) as a support with different loadings of dode…
CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) thin films were successfully grown on LaAlO3(100) and Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si(100) substrates by a novel MOCVD approach. Epitaxial CCTO(001) thin films have been obtained on LaAlO3(100) substrates, while polycrystalline CCTO films have been grown on Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si(100) substrates. Surface morphology and gr…
Abstract Summary: The fracture properties of polymers are one of the key parameters that define their service life and limit their applications. One of the most interesting and important questions is how the molecular architecture and the structure of polymers at nanolength scales influence their fracture properties.…
Summary Large volumes of hydrate inhibitors [e.g., methanol, ethanol, monoethylene glycol (MEG), and triethylene glycol (TEG) as co-solvent] are added to control hydrate formation. Such practice has an adverse effect on scale formation because the mineral salts are generally less soluble in the cosolvent. Because of p…
Near-infrared excitation of ${\mathrm{Yb}}^{3+}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{2}F_{7∕2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}^{2}F_{5∕2}$ at $10\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}600\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ in the linear chain $\mathrm{Cs}\mathrm{M}{\mathrm{Br}}_{3}:{\mathrm{Ni}}^{2+},{\mathrm{Yb}}^{3+}\pha…
The Use of Robotics and Automation in Nuclear Decommissioning Derek W. Seward, Mohamed J. Bakari Abstract: The paper reviews the scope for automation and robotics in the rapidly expanding field of nuclear decommissioning. The basic strategies for decommissioning are discussed together with the essential physical steps…
The new ruthenium compound [Ru(NO)(pysiS4)]Br (3) (pysiS4 = 2,6-bis(3-triphenylsilyl-2-sulfanylphenylthiomethyl)pyridine), containing sterically bulky SiPh3 groups ortho to the thiolate donors, has been synthesized. In solution, 3 releases NO efficiently on exposure to visible light (lambda >/= 455 nm) at room tempera…
We present magnetization and specific heat data of a ${\mathrm{La}}_{5∕3}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{1∕3}\mathrm{Ni}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ single crystal in high magnetic fields. From the charge and spin stripe ordering temperatures, as well as a magnetic low temperature transition, we have constructed the electronic phase diagram for…
We study the interplay between Auger effects and ionization processes in the limit of strong electronic confinement in core/shell CdSe/ZnS semiconductor nanocrystal quantum dots. Spectrally resolved fluorescence decay measurements reveal a monotonic increase of the photoluminescence decay rate on excitation density. O…
Abstract Summary: Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) was derivatized by polymer analogous reaction with thienyl acryloyl chloride and processed to submicrometer fibers by electrospinning from aqueous solution. Water solubility of otherwise water‐soluble PVA fibers was reduced considerably by UV crosslinking of thienyl acrylate…
The synthesis of a series of photochromic compounds incorporating a phenylquinoline unit and the photophysical and electric transport properties are described. The dyad and polymer with a quinoline unit show a high quantum yield due to the enforced antiparallel conformation of the dithienylethene moieties. High carrie…
Treatment of [U(Cp*) 2 Cl 2 ] with Na 2 dddt in thf afforded the “ate” complex [U(Cp*) 2 Cl(dddt)Na(thf) 2 ] ( 1 ), and the salt-free compound [U(Cp*) 2 (dddt)] ( 2 ) could be extracted from 1 with toluene (Cp* = η-C 5 Me 5; dddt = 5,6-dihydro-1,4-dithiin-2,3-dithiolate). Reduction of 2 with Na(Hg) or addition of Na 2…