Materials Literature
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We report the observation of unintentionally incorporated nitrogen-related complexes in ZnO and GaN nanowires grown by the catalytic vapor-phase transport method. In particular, our experimental findings from Raman scattering spectroscopy and mass-selected time-of-flight particle emission measurements suggest the pres…
Abstract The influences of the oxygen partial pressure and the LSM/YSZ ratio on the LSM–YSZ interface reactions at 1,000 °C were investigated. Both pellets and diffusion couples were employed in the study. The equilibrium thermodynamics of the LSM–YSZ reactions was clarified based on the pellet study–powder reaction.…
ZnO and Eu 3+ doped ZnO nanospheres were synthesized by a wet-chemical method. Scanning electron microscopy showed that all the samples have a regular spherical shape. 5 D 1 → 7 F 2 , 5 D 0 → 7 F 0 and 5 D 0 → 7 F 2 emissions originating from intra-atomic 4f–4f transition of Eu 3+ were observed in the photoluminescenc…
We examine the effect of reaction time, temperature, molar ratio of precursors, capping ligands, and aging on the growth of PbS quantum dots in a “nonviscous”, solventless, mild-constant-temperature system with PbCl 2 and S as precursors. It is found in our system that Ostwald ripening leads to bimodal photoluminescen…
The effect of off-stoichiometric point defects (oxygen vacancies or extra oxygen atoms at the metal−oxide interface) on oxide surfaces on the chemical activity of Au nanostructures supported on the oxide was studied using the density functional theory and ab initio thermodynamic calculations. We find that highly activ…
Thermodynamic and kinetic properties of potassium alanate (KAlH 4 ) are investigated. Its pressure−composition-isotherm measurement exhibits two plateaus for hydrogen absorption/desorption in KAlH 4, with gravimetric hydrogen densities of 1.2 ± 0.1 and 2.6 ± 0.2 mass% and reaction enthalpies of 81 and 70 kJ·mol −1 H 2…
We have conducted submicrosecond to millisecond transient absorption studies to elucidate the parameters controlling charge recombination kinetics at an in situ chemical bath-deposited CdS/TiO 2 interface. The CdS/TiO 2 nanostructures were prepared by depositing CdS in the TiO 2 nanocrystalline films via the SILAR, su…
The oxidation behavior and surface properties of hot-pressed ZrB 2 -SiC ultrahigh-temperature ceramic composites are investigated under aerothermal heating conditions in the high-temperature, low-pressure partially dissociated airstream of the 1.2 MW Plasmatron facility at the von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics.…
The phase behavior and dimensional scaling of symmetric ternary blends composed of poly(styrene- block -methyl methacrylate) block copolymers and the corresponding polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate) homopolymers in thin films were investigated as a function of χ N (the product of the Flory−Huggins interaction p…
Polyaniline nanofibers were deposited on either gold or platinum electrodes and used as resistive sensors for the detection of hydrogen. In earlier work ( J. Phys. Chem. B 2006, 110, 22266−22270), we showed that hydrogen interacts directly with polyaniline nanofibers to induce a small resistance decrease (−3%) at low…
We measured femtosecond transient absorption of dye solutions and TiO 2 films sensitized with two zinc porphyrins (PE1 and PE4) to investigate the interfacial dynamics of electron transfer in relation to the dependence of cell performance on the length of the linker (Lin, C.-Y.; Lo, C.-F.; Luo, L.; Lu, H.-P.; Hung, C.…
Previously unreleased compositions of (Ba 0.5 Sr 0.5 )(Fe 1− x Al x )O 3−δ perovskites in the range of 0≤ x ≤ 0.2 were synthesized and studied with respect to electronic and crystallographic structure, as well as oxygen permeation. The perovskite phase in all synthesized oxides was found to be cubic, without any impur…
The nature of the spin-density wave (SDW) and its relation with superconductivity are crucial issues in the newly discovered iron-pnictide superconductors. Particularly, it is unclear whether the superconducting phase and SDW are truly exclusive from each other. We here report splittings of the band structures in Sr1-…
The existence of two mechanisms involved in the ultrasonically induced depolymerization of chitosan is evidenced. The first leads to a rapid scission of polymer chains and a lowering of the polydispersity, and the second is responsible for obtaining short polymer chains and oligomers with a polydispersity increase. A…
We propose that, for materials having positive dielectric anisotropy, the biaxiality can be clearly verified or excluded by measuring the transmitted light intensity as a function of electric field. If the material is biaxial and is observed in homeotropically aligned cells, the schlieren texture should not disappear…
Using computational modeling, we demonstrate the self-healing behavior of novel materials composed of nanoscopic gel particles that are interconnected into a macroscopic network by both stable and labile bonds. Under mechanical stress, the labile bonds between the nanogels can break and readily re-form with reactive g…
Industrially produced carbon-based nanomaterials (CNM), including fullerenes and nanotubes, will be introduced into the environment in increasing amounts in the next decades. One likely environmental chemical transformation of C60 is oxidation to C60 fullerol through both abiotic- and biotic-mediated means. Unfortunat…
We report the measurement of thermal conductance of silicon nanowires at low temperature. It is demonstrated that the roughness at the nanometer scale plays a crucial role for the phonon transport in low-dimensional samples. To this end, using e-beam lithography, nanowires of size 200 nm by 100 nm and 10 microm long h…
Magnetic particles can act as magnetic relaxation switches (MRSw's) when they bind to target analytes, and switch between their dispersed and aggregated states resulting in changes in the spin-spin relaxation time (T(2)) of their surrounding water protons. Both nanoparticles (NPs, 10-100 nm) and micrometer-sized parti…
The pyrolysis of mixed plastic waste (high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyvinyl chloride) using a long residence time (25 min) in a horizontal tube reactor at 530 °C has been investigated. The reactor was fitted with atmospheric and vacuum distillation columns, so that the pyrolysis products…