Materials Literature
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We study the role of bulk-surface exchange in the density relaxation kinetics and selfdiffusion of surface-active molecules at liquid surfaces. In “ strongly adsorbing ” systems, relaxation occurs through bulk-mediated effective surface diffusion characterized by one-step distributions with long tails ; molecules exec…
The subloops in the shape memory alloys, the stress-strain-temperature hysteresis loops due to the incomplete transformation, are analyzed from the phenomenological point of view. The transformation kinetics formulated by the same authors is generalized by introducing the transformation start conditions, both martensi…
A computer-controlled apparatus able to simultaneously follow the face growth rate of up to 40 crystals was developed. This apparatus was used to investigate the effects of solution pH on the (110) and (101) face growth rates of tetragonal lysozyme. Growth rates were measured at pH 4.0, 4.4, 4.8 and 5.2, in 0.1 M sodi…
Abstract We have developed a novel cylindrical mirror Auger electron analyzer with the well defined electric field of 0.1% and the residual magnetic field of less than 1 mG. The CMA has a coaxial electron gun and the entrance angles are 42.3° ± 6°. The theoretically calculated energy resolution of 0.24% was obtained a…
Oil-immersed insulating materials have anisotropic and nonlinear conductivity. A new calculating method for the electric field in such materials is developed for the insulation design of power converter transformers and smoothing reactors. Flashover voltages estimated from the results very closely approximate measured…
Abstract A model was developed to quantify the thermal shrinkage behavior of polyester shrink film under isothermal and nonisothermal conditions. This model employs the straightforward first order reaction kinetics to an otherwise microscopically complex relaxation process. It offers three unique parameters for qualit…
Procedures are described for the crystallization of proteins, nucleic acids and viruses in a silica-gel matrix using otherwise standard reagents and conditions. Methods are given based on both vapor diffusion in a sitting drop and liquid-liquid diffusion. Using a variety of macromolecules our results suggest that the…
Abstract This paper extends previously reported work 1,2 and describes the influence that a range of selected flame retardants have on the burning behaviour and pyrolyses of homo‐and copolymers of acrylonitrile. Various inorganic and organic phosphorus and nitrogen‐ or sulphur‐containing, halogen‐containing (in the ab…
Abstract The heterogeneous transformation of cellulose I into cellulose II via Na‐cellulose I was performed by an alkali treatment of cotton linters followed by stepwise washing. Two experimental series were carried out, one with NaOH/H 2 O and the other with NaOD/D 2 O. Changes in the cellulose structure were studied…
Abstract This study was conducted to elucidate the dynamic aspects of the adsorption‐desorption of borate ions on edge surfaces of 2:1 clay minerals. A pressurve‐jump relaxation method was used to evaluate the elementary processes involved in the adsorption‐desorption of borate ions by pyrophyllite in aqueous media at…
Abstract Over 11 percent of the gross national product of the U.S.A. is currently being spent in areas related to health care. Medical applications of polymers account for about six percent of the dollar sales of processed polymer products, or over three billion dollars annually. Medical devices, consumables, and thei…
The effects of temperature and sliding speed on the tribological behavior of a SiC ceramic by sliding on the same material in deoxygenated water were investigated from room temperature to 300°C under the corresponding saturated vapor pressures. The friction coefficient and specific wear rates of both plates and disks…
Equilibrium constants and enthalpy changes for reactions catalyzed by the transferase class of enzymes have been compiled. For each reaction the following information is given: the reference for the data; the reaction studied; the name of the enzyme used and its Enzyme Commission number; the method of measurement; the…
Four more examples are provided to emphasize the extreme difficulty in deciding, by diffraction methods, whether a crystal structure is centrosymmetric or only approximately so. In these examples, earlier workers described and refined structures in noncentrosymmetric space groups; refinements in the corresponding cent…
The authors describe how accurate estimates of low levels of insulator contamination, in the range of 200 mg/m/sup 2/ (0.02 mg/cm/sup 2/), can only be obtained if several minor errors in conventional surface contamination measurements are corrected.>
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructural Effects on the Transport of Water in PolyimidesJohn G. Van Alsten and John C. CoburnCite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 14, 3746–3752Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1994https://pubs.acs.or…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTnitroxide Complexes of Diruthenium(II,II) Carboxylates. Structural and Magnetic PropertiesAndre Cogne, Elie Belorizky, Jean Laugier, and Paul ReyCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 15, 3364–3369Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002…
Intense luminescence whose wavelength is ca. 435 nm is observed under the excitation of 680 nm in phosphors irradiated by x‐rays. From ESR measurements, typical F‐centers are created in the phosphors on x‐ray exposure. These results clearly indicate photostimulated luminescence (PSL) occurring in these phosphors. The…
The adult cuticular wing of Drosophila is covered with an array of distally pointing hairs. Mutations in the inturned (in) gene result in both abnormal hair polarity (i.e., hairs no longer point distally), and, in most cells forming more than one hair. We have isolated and characterized a collection of in alleles. Amo…
In the spinel compounds of ACr2 X 4 type, and in the spinel series of Zn1−xGa2x/3Cr2Se4, ZnCr2-xInxSe4, Zn1−xCuxCr2Se4 and Li1+xTi2-x,O4, the influence of vacancies and mixed valence on the transport processes is considered. For this purpose, a procedure of calculation of the ion packing coefficients was used and calc…