Materials Literature
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The thermal conductivity of sputtered a-Si:H thin films for a hydrogen content of 1--20 % and a film thickness of 0.2--1.5 \ensuremath{\mu}m is determined in the temperature range 80--400 K using an extension of the 3\ensuremath{\omega} measurement technique. The reliability of the method is demonstrated on 1-\ensurem…
The complete set of material parameters of a top-seeded solution-grown ${\mathrm{BaTiO}}_{3}$ crystal has been determined by numerically evaluating available measurements and using additional measurements presented in this work. The parameters were determined at room temperature and consist of the low-frequency clampe…
We have studied the conformation of tau protein and Alzheimer paired helical filaments (PHF) by several spectroscopic, scattering, and imaging methods revealing the overall shape and the conformation of the polypeptide backbone. Tau protein behaves in solution as if it were denatured; no evidence for compact folding w…
Low energy electron microscopy (LEEM) is a new technique for surface imaging, based on the wave nature of the electron. Although it makes use of electron lenses as in conventional electron microscopes it differs from them in that the electrons have energies of the order 1-100 eV when they interact with the surface. As…
Modularly invariant equations of motion are derived that generate the isothermal–isobaric ensemble as their phase space averages. Isotropic volume fluctuations and fully flexible simulation cells as well as a hybrid scheme that naturally combines the two motions are considered. The resulting methods are tested on two…
The CCP4 (Collaborative Computational Project, number 4) program suite is a collection of programs and associated data and subroutine libraries which can be used for macromolecular structure determination by X-ray crystallography. The suite is designed to be flexible, allowing users a number of methods of achieving th…
Processes leading to the growth of intrinsic insulators (oxides, sulfides, and fluorides) on the surfaces of semiconductors of the III-V, II-VI, and IV-VI groups as well as their solid solutions are analysed with the aid of classical thermodynamics. Their phase compositions, found from the equilibrium phase diagram, a…
We determined the structures of Acanthamoeba profilin I and profilin II by x-ray crystallography at resolutions of 2.0 and 2.8 A, respectively. The polypeptide folds and the actin-binding surfaces of the amoeba profilins are very similar to those of bovine and human profilins. The electrostatic potential surfaces of t…
Proper treatment of long-range Coulombic forces presents a major obstacle to providing realistic molecular dynamics simulations of macromolecules. Traditional approximations made to lessen computational cost ultimately lead to unrealistic behavior. The particle mesh Ewald method accommodates long-range Coulombic force…
The time-resolved photoluminescence of semiconductor nanocrystals was obtained as a function of laser excitation intensity at a low temperature. Exciton and biexciton recombination processes were clearly identified. At laser intensities lower than 3.3×105 W/cm2, only exciton recombination with a lifetime of 4 ns was o…
Frozen-in trans and gauche conformational disorder of symmetrical difluorotetra-chloroethane (DFTCE) produces the tendency of this plastic crystal to form an orientational glassy state on cooling below T g =86 K. To throw light upon the freezing mechanism in DFTCE neutron diffraction and Brillouin scattering as well a…
The electronic structure has been calculated for large approximant crystals (up to 51752 atoms in the periodically repeated cell) to icosahedral AlCuLi quasicrystals. The results show that a deep structure-induced pseudogap at the Fermi energy is a generic property of the quasicrystal and its crystalline approximants.…
A method for determining the infrared dielectric constant function of an isotropic material from measurement of the reflectance from powdered samples has been implemented. The method is based on an expression for the average dielectric constant of a heterogeneous system, which shows percolation features. The results o…
Diamond was deposited on substrates pre-etched with diamond powder using either a microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition method or a hot-filament-assisted chemical vapor deposition method. Density of residual diamond dust (i.e., number of diamond particles per unit area on the surface of a substrate) on the pre-et…
Dynamic dielectric and mechanical responses in the splitting region of PnBMA are analysed with the help of two Havriliak-Negami-function fits. The alpha and beta processes in the Arrhenius diagram are parallel to each other over a wide temperature range, and do not merge.
For the first time the surface structure of an icosahedral quasicrystal could be resolved in direct space by scanning tunneling microscopy. The surface was found to form terraces with their normals being parallel to a fivefold axis. On the terraces fivefold stars and pentagonal holes were observed. Both the step heigh…
Dc magnetron sputtered Ni-Mn and Ni-Mn-Cr films are demonstrated to exhibit strong and thermally stable antiferromagnetism, as well as high corrosion resistance. For a 25.2 nm thick 53.3 Ni-46.7 Mn (in atomic percent) film deposited on top of a 28.5 nm thick 81 Ni-19 Fe film, a unidirectional anisotropy field (HUA) of…
This review presents the state of the art of the study of germanium-related colour centres in silica glass and silica-based fibres. Most attention is concentrated on the dominant colour centres such as the Ge-related oxygen-deficient centres and paramagnetic Ge(n) centres, all of them having ultraviolet absorption ban…
The crystal structure of the complex between ribonuclease A and d(ApTpApApG) has been solved by x-ray crystallography using the molecular replacement method. The model includes, besides the enzyme, the d(ApTpApA) 5'-segment (A1T2A3A4) and 68 solvent molecules. The R-factor for the strongest 87% of the measured data th…
The atomic-scale dynamics of the glass-to-liquid transition are, in general, poorly understood in inorganic materials. Here, two-dimensional magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectra collected just above the glass transition of K(2)Si(4)O(9) at temperatures as high as 583 degrees C are presented. Rates o…