RADIATION SHIELDING TECHNOLOGY
An historical review of the development of shielding techniques for indirectly ionizing radiation is presented, along with a summary of techniques at various levels of sophistication for shielding design and analysis.
Materials Literature
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Thermal enhancement of the antiferromagnetic exchange coupling between Fe epilayers separated by a crystalline ZnSe spacer
We have put into evidence the existence of an antiferromagnetic coupling between iron epilayers separated by a ZnSe crystalline semiconductor. The effect has been observed for ZnSe spacers thinner than 4 nm at room-temperature. The coupling constant increases linearly with temperature with a constant slope of ~5.5x 10…
Controllable High-Speed Rotation of Nanowires
We report a versatile method for executing controllable high-speed rotation of nanowires by AC voltages applied to multiple electrodes. The rotation of the nanowires can be instantly switched on or off with precisely controlled rotation speed (to at least 1800 rpm), definite chirality, and total angle of rotation. We…
Synthesis and Structure of the Monolayer Hydrate K03CoO2 x 04H2O
The monolayer hydrate (MLH) K03CoO2 x 04H2O was synthesized from K06CoO2 by extracting K+ cations using K2S2O8 as an oxidant and the subsequent intercalation of water between the layers of edge-sharing CoO6 octahedra. A hexagonal structure (space group P63/mmc) with lattice parameters a = 2.8262(1) Angstrom, c = 13.82…
Ab initio analysis of electron-phonon coupling in molecular devices
We report first principles analysis of electron-phonon coupling in molecular devices under external bias voltage and during current flow. Our theory and computational framework are based carrying out density functional theory within the Keldysh nonequilibrium Green's function formalism. We analyze which molecular vibr…
Luminescence from Lanthanide(3+) Ions in Solution
Abstract An overview of recent work dealing with luminescence properties in solution of complexes of the lanthanide(3+) ions Nd 3+ , Eu 3+ , Tb 3+ , Er 3+ and Yb 3+ in which an organic chromophore is attached to the metal centre as a sensitizer is given. The various factors that influence the metal‐centred luminescenc…
The highly tunable Mg-Ni-H switchable mirror system
The Mg-Ni-H switchable mirror system shows a spectacular composition dependence in the hydrogenated state. The optical transmission of a hydrogenated Mg-Ni-H gradient film displays a stripe-like pattern that consists of alternating regions of high and low transmission. This behavior is peculiar as the composite Mg-Ni-…
Photocontrollable Self‐Assembly
The incorporation of photoswitching molecules into molecular building blocks creates the possibility of photoresponsive self-assemblies in which the self-assembled architecture or self-assembling process can be controlled by external light stimulus. Among the photoswitching molecules, azobenzene has been used most wid…
Prediction of Collagen Stability from Amino Acid Sequence
An algorithm was derived to relate the amino acid sequence of a collagen triple helix to its thermal stability. This calculation is based on the triple helical stabilization propensities of individual residues and their intermolecular and intramolecular interactions, as quantitated by melting temperature values of hos…
Close-packing transitions in clusters of Lennard-Jones spheres
The structures of clusters of spherical and homogeneous particles are investigated using a combination of global optimization methods. The pairwise potential between particles is integrated exactly from elementary Lennard-Jones interactions, and the use of reduced units allows us to get insight into the effects of the…
Cluster Origin of the Solubility of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes
The possibility of the existence of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT) in organic solvents, in the form of clusters containing a number of SWNTs, is discussed. A theory is developed based on a bundlet model for clusters, which enables describing the distribution function of clusters by size. Comparison of the calcula…
Coherent rotations of a single spin-based qubit in a single quantum dot at fixed Zeeman energy
Coherent rotations of single spin-based qubits may be accomplished electrically at fixed Zeeman energy with a qubit defined solely within a single electrostatically-defined quantum dot; the $g$-factor and the external magnetic field are kept constant. All that is required to be varied are the voltages on metallic gate…
Calculations on solvents and co-solvents of single-wall carbon nanotubes:cyclopyranoses
The (10, 10) single-wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) presents consistency between relatively small solubility, and large partition coefficients and kinetic stability. The solubility of SWNTs is investigated in a variety of solvents, finding a class of non-hydrogen-bonding Lewis bases that provides good solubility. The orga…
Diffusion of Linear Paraffins in Nanoporous Silica
The diffusion of hexane, heptane, octane, and decane in nanoporous MCM-41 silica at various temperatures is investigated by the zero-length-column method. The diffusion coefficients are derived by a complete-time-range analysis of desorption curves at different purge flow rates and temperatures. The results show that…
Spectroscopic Study on Morphology Evolution in Polymer Blends
The morphological development of crystallizable polymer blends has been investigated using optical microscopy and infrared and Raman spectroscopy. Both binary and ternary blends were studied. In each case, a crystallizable polyester, either poly(hexamethylene adipate) (PHMA) or poly(hexamethylene sebacate) (PHMS), is…
High-pressure Mössbauer spectroscopy of perovskite high valence iron oxides under external magnetic field
The magnetic properties of SrFeO 3 (SFO), CaFeO 3 (CFO) and Sr 2/3 La 1/3 FeO 3 (SLFO), which are perovskite iron oxides with a high valence state of Fe, have been investigated by high-pressure Mössbauer spectroscopy under external magnetic field. These perovskite oxides have been found to switch electronic ground sta…
Optical Properties of Long-range-ordered, High-density Gold Nanodot Arrays Prepared Using Anodic Porous Alumina
Abstract Long-range-ordered, high-density gold (Au) nanodot arrays were prepared by vapor deposition using anodic porous alumina as a mask. The optical properties of such arrays were examined. The effects of highly ordered, high density arrangements of Au nanodots on the optical properties were elucidated by the depen…
Luminescent nanostructures based on Ge nanoparticles embedded in an oxide matrix
Ge nanoparticles embedded in an oxide matrix have been obtained by (a) steam thermal oxidation at 650 °C of polycrystalline SiGe layers and (b) deposition of discontinuous Ge films/SiO 2 multilayers by low pressure chemical vapour deposition at 390 °C and thermal annealing at 700 °C. These two approaches are compared…
Electrochemical and Electrochromic Behavior of Novel Poly(aniline-co-4,4‘-diaminodiphenyl Sulfone)
Electroactive conducting copolymers of aniline and 4,4‘-diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS) were prepared electrochemically. The cyclic voltammetric studies were carried out with different feed concentration of DDS on a glassy carbon electrode surface. The voltammograms exhibited different behavior for different concentrati…
Comparative study of photoluminescence of single-walled carbon nanotubes wrapped with sodium dodecyl sulfate, surfactin and polyvinylpyrrolidone
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have been dispersed with three types of amphiphilic materials in aqueous solutions: (i) an anionic aliphatic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), (ii) a cyclic lipopeptide biosurfactant, surfactin, and (iii) a water-soluble polymer, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Solution phot…