Materials Literature
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BACKGROUND: Chitin is a polysaccharide that forms the hard, outer shell of arthropods and the cell walls of fungi and some algae. Peptidoglycan is a polymer of sugars and amino acids constituting the cell walls of most bacteria. Enzymes that are able to hydrolyze these cell membrane polymers generally play important r…
The facile design of polyester biomaterials has emerged as an important aspect of polymer synthesis. As opposed to thermoplastics, thermosets are especially attractive for applications in the biomedical fields because they retain their geometry and experience a linear loss of both mass and mechanical properties during…
Recent experimental studies of molten metal droplets wetting high-temperature reactive substrates have established that the majority of triple-line motion occurs when inertial effects are dominant. In light of these studies, this paper investigates wetting and spreading on reactive substrates when inertial effects are…
Doped and undoped manganites are modeled by the coupling between itinerant ${e}_{g}$ electrons and static ${t}_{2g}$ spins, the Jahn-Teller and breathing phonon modes, and the Coulomb interaction. We provide for a careful estimate of all parameters and solve the corresponding Hamiltonian by dynamical mean field theory…
It's the pits: Increased efficiency and controllability of sonochemical reactions was achieved with silicon surfaces on which pits were micromachined to entrap gas, which, upon ultrasonic excitation, emits a stream of microbubbles (see picture). The microbubbles are chemically active at ultrasonic amplitudes well belo…
A complete catalytic cycle for carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation to carbon dioxide (CO(2)) by molecular oxygen on the Co(3)O(4)(110) surface was obtained by density functional theory plus the on-site Coulomb repulsion (DFT + U). Previously observed high activity of Co(3)O(4) to catalytically oxidize CO at very low temper…
High quality graphene nanosheets were fabricated within 1 min by solid-state microwave irradiation of a mixture of graphite oxide and graphene nanosheets under a hydrogen atmosphere. The graphene nanosheets in the mixture acted as an effective microwave susceptor under microwave irradiation synthesis, and could provid…
In this paper, we study the mechanics of statistically non-uniform two-phase elastic discrete structures. In particular, following the methodology proposed in (Luciano and Willis, Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 53, 1505-1522, 2005), energetic bounds and estimates of the Hashin-Shtrikman-Willis type are…
The polarization dependences of the G, D, and 2D $({\text{G}}^{\ensuremath{'}})$ bands in Raman spectra at graphene bulk and edge are examined theoretically. The 2D and D bands have different selection rules at bulk and edge. At bulk, the 2D band intensity is maximum when the polarization of the scattered light is par…
We study the robustness of Majorana zero energy modes and minigaps of quasiparticle excitations in a vortex by numerically solving Bogoliubov-deGennes equations in a heterostructure composed of an \textit{s} -wave superconductor, a spin-orbit-coupled semiconductor thin film, and a magnetic insulator. This heterostruct…
We report on the observability of valence bonding effects in aberration-corrected high resolution electron microscopy (HREM) images along the [010] projection of the mineral Forsterite(Mg2SiO4). We have also performed exit wave restorations using simulated noisy images and have determined that both the intensities of…
As was noted in [3], in order to verify the assumption that the behavior of the polarization dependences of the terahertz emission by hot electrons from $n$-Ge is determined by the type of carrier scattering, it is necessary to perform temperature measurements of this dependence in the range between the temperatures,…
The effects of Al(2)O(3), TiO(2), and ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) on bacteria cells and bacterial surface biomolecules were studied by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. All the examined biomolecules showed IR spectral changes after NP exposure. Lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid could bind to oxide NPs…
Quantum magnetic oscillations in SrTiO3/LaAlO3 interface are observed in the magnetoresistance. We study their frequency as a function of gate voltage and the evolution of their amplitude with temperature. The data are consistent with the Shubnikov-de Haas theory. The Hall resistivity ρ(xy) is nonlinear at low magneti…
The safe and efficient storage of hydrogen is still one of the remaining challenges towards fuel cell powered cars. Metal hydrides are a promising class of materials as they allow the storage of large amounts of hydrogen in a small volume at room temperature and low pressures. However, usually the kinetics of hydrogen…
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles are used in various medical applications including magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic hyperthermia, and targeted drug and gene delivery. When used in vivo, these nanoparticles interact with endothelial cells lining all blood vessels, therefore it is crucial to understand en…
Selective methanation of CO can be used as the final purification step of re-formate gas for the generation of hydrogen-rich gas streams suitable for PEM fuel cell applications. In the present study, the adsorption/desorption characteristics of reactants, the nature of active sites, and the mechanism of CO/CO 2 hydrog…
Abstract A chemically stable and highly proton‐conductive electrolyte is developed by partially substituting the Zr site of Y‐doped barium zirconate (BZY) with 10 mol% of Pr. Compared to BZY, BaZr 0.7 Pr 0.1 Y 0.2 O 3‐ δ (BZPY) shows improved sinterability as revealed by dilatometric measurements and scanning electron…
Abstract Nanocomposites combine favorable features of the constituents on the nanoscale to obtain new functionalities. The present paper is concerned with the preparation of polymer‐based nanocomposites consisting of metal nanoparticles in a polymer matrix and the resulting functional properties. Emphasis is placed on…
Structures of nanoparticles in $\text{Fe-}16\text{Cr-}4.5\text{Al-}0.3\text{Ti-}2\text{W-}0.37{\text{Y}}_{2}{\text{O}}_{3}$ (K3) and $\text{Fe-}20\text{Cr-}4.5\text{Al-}0.34\text{Ti-}0.5{\text{Y}}_{2}{\text{O}}_{3}$ (MA956) oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) ferritic steels produced by mechanical alloying (MA) and fo…