Materials Literature
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An easily accessible method is presented that permits to calculate spectra involving atomic multiplets relevant to X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) and Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering (RIXS) experiments. We present specific examples and compare the calculated spectra with available experimental data
The microstructural characteristics of solid solutions, prepared by heating dried gel precursors with nominal compositions V x Zr 1− x O 2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1) at 723 and 1573 K, were determined from X-ray diffraction patterns. The crystalline microstructure of the resulting specimens, characterized by a prevalent crystallit…
Recently there has been significant interest in the field of molecular resists as a route to shrinking the trade-off between resolution, line width roughness and sensitivity for next generation lithography. We have previously presented initial results of a three component fullerene derivative based negative tone chemi…
The synthesis of a series of banana-shaped structures has been carried out, in which the bend unit is formed by a 4,4’-methylenedianiline or 3,3’-methylenedianiline core bearing two symmetric pyridylimine linkages to di- and tri- alkoxyphenylester moieties on the side arms. The molecules, in addition to providing an e…
This paper discusses a novel methodology of material characterization that directly utilizes the scatterometry targets on the product wafer to determine the optical properties (n&k) of various constituent materials. Characterization of optical constants, or dispersions, is one of the first steps of scatterometry metro…
Abstract Carburization of iron was studied at atmospheric pressure over the temperature range 850°C to 1150°C in gaseous mixtures of CO, H 2 , and He. The resistance relaxation method was applied to measure the carburization rates. Experimental results show that for carburization in CO‐He mixtures, the carburization r…
The electronic structure of ferromagnetic double-perovskite La2MnNiO6 has been investigated by employing Mn and Ni 2p→3d resonant photoemission spectroscopy (RPES) and soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The Mn and Ni 2p XAS measurements show that Mn ions are formally tetravalent (3d3) and that Ni ions are forma…
Abstract In this work, we study the gettering properties of a porous silicon (Psi) intermediate reflector. This type of reflector is used currently in the thin film epitaxial silicon solar cell approach. The porous layers are electrochemically etched into low‐cost, highly contaminated UMG (Upgraded Metallurgical Grade…
Thermal embossing nanoimprint lithography (NIL) is an area of continuing interest because it allows direct patterning of nanoscale structures into a wide variety of functional polymer materials. Measuring the shape evolution of nanoimprinted lines during thermal annealing can provide insights into mechanisms of polyme…
Epitaxial growth of a ZnO(1 1 0)/STO(0 0 1)/TiN(0 0 1)/Si(0 0 1) heterostructure has first been demonstrated on a Si(0 0 1) substrate by pulsed laser deposition. The growth process was monitored in situ by reflection high-energy electron diffraction, and the epitaxial orientation relationship was further confirmed by…
Ge was deposited by catalytic reduction on Pt−Re/Al 2 O 3 −Cl base catalysts prepared by coimpregnation. The nominal amounts of Ge incorporated from various impregnation media (H 2 O, HCl, or NH 3 ) were 0.1, 0.3, 1.0, and 2.0 wt %. The catalysts were characterized by means of the test reactions of cyclohexane dehydro…
Abstract Terpolymer resins (2,4‐DHBPOF) were synthesized by the condensation of 2,4‐dihydroxybenzophenone and oxamide with formaldehyde in the presence of acid catalyst and using varied molar ratios of reacting monomers. Terpolymer resins composition has been determined on the basis of elemental analysis and the numbe…
Analysis of binary gas mixtures using chemiresistors based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) networked films has been performed for chemical detection up to a sub-ppm level. The effects of individual interfering analytes of reducing H 2 S and NH 3 gases on oxidizing NO 2 gas adsorption in CNTs tangled films are considered. T…
Abstract In this article, a high order composite right/left‐handed (CRLH) bandpass filter using the first negative resonant mode is presented. The proposed filter employs mushroom structure as CRLH transmission line. To design a high order CRLH filter, the design equations are derived by adopting the design equations…
As the candidates of factors to consider for accurate Monte Carlo simulation of SEM images, (1) the difference of cross-section between an approximate shape for simple simulation and a real pattern shape, (2) the influence of native oxide growing on a pattern surface, and (3) the potential distribution above the targe…
Abstract Bridged Ca 2+ ⋅⋅⋅CO⋅⋅⋅Ca 2+ complexes are formed on dual‐cation sites, constituted by a pair of nearby Ca 2+ cations, when CO is adsorbed on zeolite Ca‐A. Two types of such species can be formed, designated S2–S1 and S1–S1 (see picture). Ca 2+ ⋅⋅⋅CO monocarbonyl species are also identified, and at a relativel…
A new metrology technique is being evaluated to address the need for accuracy, precision, speed and sophistication in metrology in near-future lithography. Attention must be paid to these stringent requirements as the current metrology capabilities may not be sufficient to support these near future needs. Sub-nanomete…
Changes in the nanoscale structure of semicrystalline polyethylene (PE) resulting from the sorption/diffusion of hexane- d 14 vapor have been observed and quantified by in situ vapor sorption small-angle neutron scattering (iVSANS). We find a linear correlation between vapor sorption/diffusion and nanoexpansion of the…
The sodium reordering in ${\text{Na}}_{x}{\text{CoO}}_{2}$ in the vicinity of room temperature is rationalized at high $x$ in terms of phase transitions between square and striped phases. A striking hexagon-of-hexagons diffraction pattern observed for $x=0.78$ can be reproduced using coexisting square and striped phas…
A five-level-four-factor central composite rotary design (CCRD) was employed in combination with response surface methodology (RSM) to optimize the process variables for the production of a novel copolymer consisting of short-chain-length (SCL) and long-chain-length (LCL) PHA units, i.e., P(3HB-3HV-3HHD-3HOD) copolyme…