Materials Literature
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We have measured an enhancement factor of Raman signal up to 30 times using a Fabry-Pérot structure made of porous silicon (PS) layers of different porosity. The obtained enhancement was due to the coupling of the laser radiation and Stokes photons of porous silicon with the microcavity mode at the optimal laser beam…
Nanocrystalline silicon embedded SiO2 matrix is formed by annealing the SiOx films fabricated by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition technique. Absorption coefficient and photoluminescence of the films have been measured at room temperature. The experimental results show that there exists an exponential absorpti…
The third-order optical nonlinearity of metal(dmit)2 was investigated with femtosecond optical Kerr effect at 830 nm wavelength. The nonresonant second-order hyperpolarizability for the didodecyldimethylammonium–Au(dmit)2 (2C12–Au) molecule was estimated to be as large as 2.2×10−32 esu.
The electrical and thermal transport properties of a single-phase quasicrystalline material of composition Al70.8Pd20.9Mn8.3 have been measured as a function of temperature (T) over a range of 10 K<T<320 K. The following room-temperature values were found: electrical conductivity [640 (Ω cm)−1], Seebeck…
Si nanowires (SINWs) with different diameters have been synthesized by laser ablation in different ambient gases. SINWs with the diameter distribution peaks at ∼13.2 and ∼9.5 nm have been obtained respectively in He and Ar (5% H2). SINWs produced in N2 had the smallest peak diameter at 6 nm, and are mixed in with some…
Photoinduced surface relief grating (SRG) formation on azopolymer films is discussed precisely using a fluid mechanics model which takes depth dependence of photoinduced driving force and velocity distribution in the film surface into account. Formulation for the SRG dynamics is derived analytically as a function of f…
The elastic constants of tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) and hydrogenated tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C:H) thin films were determined nondestructively by surface Brillouin scattering. Besides the usual Rayleigh surface mode, we also observe a new pseudosurface acoustic mode of longitudinal polarization, which…
Formulas to describe the photoabsorption and the photon scattering by a plasma or a liquid metal are derived in a unified manner with each other. It is shown how the nuclear motion, the free-electron motion and the core-electron behaviour in each ion in the system determine the structure of photoabsorption and scatter…
A new class of strongly infrared active structures is identified for phase III of compressed molecular H2 by constant-pressure ab initio molecular dynamics and density-functional perturbation calculations. These are planar quadrupolar structures obtained as a distortion of low-pressure quadrupolar phases, after they b…
A steady, two-dimensional cellular convection modifies the morphological instability of a binary alloy that undergoes directional solidification. When the convection wavelength is far longer than that of the morphological cells, the behaviour of the moving front is described by a slow, spatial–temporal dynamics obtain…
Fluorescence micropatterns of rhodamine dye were fabricated in silica/titania sol−gel films by photogeneration of gold nanoparticles. Local reduction of Au(III) ions included in the film enabled us to selectively embed the particles using UV irradiation with a photomask, pulse laser shot, or AFM-assisted reaction. Flu…
Six crystal structures of the core domain of integrase (IN) from avian sarcoma virus (ASV) and its active-site derivative containing an Asp64 --> Asn substitution have been solved at atomic resolution ranging 1.02-1.42 A. The high-quality data provide new structural information about the active site of the enzyme and…
A theory is developed for the hydrodynamic interactions of surfactant-covered spherical drops in creeping flows. The surfactant is insoluble, and flow-induced changes of surfactant concentration are small, i.e. the film of adsorbed surfactant is incompressible. For a single surfactant-covered drop in an arbitrary inci…
Bulky, open assemblies, prepared from the sequential adsorption of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes (PE), could potentially be used as receptor matrixes in biosensing devices. We have examined the building of such structures onto gold surfaces from water-soluble cationic and anionic polyelectrolytes of different ch…
The new complexes 1,1‘-bis(5-(2,2‘-bithienyl))ferrocene ( 2 ) and 1,1‘-bis(5-(2,2‘:5‘,2‘ ‘-terthienyl))ferrocene ( 3 ) have been synthesized by coupling 1,1‘-bis(2-thienyl)ferrocene ( 1 ) with 2-bromothiophene and 5-bromo-2,2‘-bithiophene, respectively. The cyclic voltammograms of 1 − 3 contain a reversible Fe II/III…
We have examined the abilities of five structurally simple molecules to form thermoreversible gels with a variety of organic liquids. Each gelator is an acyclic alkane with one heteroatom. Of these, dioctadecylamine ( 2N ) is the most efficient gelator. At ≅3 wt % concentrations, it forms gels with alkanes, aromatic l…
Fourier transform infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy with the attenuated total reflection technique (ATR-FTIR), coupled with cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurement, is used to observe the oxidation process of adsorbed CO at Pt film sputtered on a silicon prism. The interesting bipolar shape of the linearly bonde…
The yield conditions for the gravitational displacement of three-dimensional fluid droplets from inclined solid surfaces are studied through a series of numerical computations. The study considers both sessile and pendant droplets and includes interfacial forces with constant surface tension. An extensive study is con…
Novel molecular electron donor−acceptor (DA) dyads, composed of a phytochlorin donor and a [60]fullerene acceptor, have been photochemically characterized. In these dyads, a pyrrolidine spacer group links the chlorin and the C 60 moieties covalently, forming a rigid dyad with a short and almost constant D−A distance.…
The synthesis of high-performance polymers requires a high level of control over the product9s morphology and hence its macroscopic properties. Kageyama et al . (page 2113) introduce a method that may make it easier to achieve such control over polymers made from simple starting materials. Nanoreactors within a mesopo…