Materials Literature
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Arbitrary impedance ratios can be determined with high accuracy by means of a programmable Josephson system. For a 1:1 resistance ratio at 10-kΩ level we demonstrate that the novel system allows measurements over a wide frequency range from 25 Hz to 10 kHz. Uncertainties are in the range of a few parts in 108and thus…
For high-resolution X-ray imaging scintillator applications, we have prepared and optically characterized divalent samarium doped fluorochlorozirconate (FCZ:Sm2+) glasses and glass-ceramics. Sm2+ doped FCZ glasses were obtained by adding a reducing agent, NaBH4 into the initial melt to convert some of the Sm3+ to Sm2+…
We have studied key factors of Ti-based self-formed barrier technique on interconnect reliability. A performance of time dependent dielectric breakdown shows superior endurance, using quite a thin Ti-based self-formed barrier. However, to achieve a superior electromigration performance using Ti-based self-formed barri…
Summary form only given. Low energy ion impact (with injection energy less than 50 eV or so) on the carbon-based plasma facing wall materials such as graphite of a magnetic confinement fusion device can generate a significant number of sputtered species that may enter the fusion plasma as impurities. In this work sput…
Summary form only given. Three-dimensional numerical simulation is conducted for a magnetron sputtering plasma using the particle in cell code VORPAL. Numerical simulation of sputtering process requires accurate models of nuclear stopping in materials, particle dynamics and self-consistent electromagnetic fields. VORP…
Summary form only given. Vacuum insulators are necessary components in many pulsed power systems. They provide mechanical support as well as separate vacuum and non-vacuum regions. Unfortunately, the surface of the insulator is often the weakest part of a system. Surface flashover can occur for electric field values m…
Measurements on soft magnetic materials were made to determine the measurement capability available to the partners of a government funded collaborative research project with 16 partners. One of the aims of this project was the development of advanced magnetic materials for novel electrical machines for use in harsh e…
Summary form only given. Power devices and systems operating in partial vacuum are susceptible to partial discharges, corona, or volume discharge. In most cases, it is important to understand the characteristics of the discharge such as the space-charge distribution, the electron energy distribution, and collision pro…
This paper describes the results of a comparison between measurements of FMR frequency and the Gilbert damping constant α made using time and frequency domain experimental techniques. The measurements were performed on reference samples circulated among different laboratories within the frame of an ongoing European an…
One of the critical factors to improve the efficiency of thin film solar cell is the haze of transparent conducting oxide (TCO), which suffers low values at longer wavelength (>1μm) region. Recently several different highly textured TCO were presented with high haze at near IR region, however, suitable modeling is not…
Polymer nanocomposites have attracted wide interest as a method of enhancing polymer properties and extending their applications. In polymer nanocomposites, chemically dissimilar components are combined at the nanometer scale, and stronger interactions between the polymer and nanoparticles produce markedly improved ma…
Summary form only given. It is now widely recognized the CVD synthesized diamond quality and growth rates can be improved by using high power density microwave discharges operating at pressures above 180 Torr. However at high pressures these discharges separate from the walls of the discharge chamber and become freely…
Summary form only given. Recently there has been a renewed interest in the inverted magnetron because of its larger cathode area, reduction of electron end-loss, and substantially faster startup in comparison with the conventional magnetron. A recently conceived embodiment of the magnetron, called the recirculating pl…
High Pressure Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (HP-STM) and Ambient Pressure X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy were used to study the structural properties and catalytic behavior of noble metal surfaces at high pressure. HP-STM was used to study the structural rearrangement of the top most atomic surface layer of the meta…
In nuclear fusion the sawtooth instability is an important plasma phenomenon, having both positive and negative effects on the tokamak plasma. Control of its period is essential in future nuclear fusion reactors. This paper presents a control oriented model of the sawtooth instability, with current drive as input and…
In recent years, considerable attention has been focused on studies on the influence of gamma radiation treatments on the performance of semiconductor materials and devices, which are very important for spacecraft applications. Among the different objects studied, carbon-nanotube-based (CNT) structures are considered…
In recent years, there has been a growing interest to implement the integration of information systems. For meeting the demands of product quality control and process monitoring in batch crystallization process. An approach of computer aided information integration is proposed based on OPC technology. A software toolk…
Spin coating method is used to deposit nanocomposite CNT/MEH-PPV thin film on a glass substrate. The MEH-PPV which is in powder form was weighted and then dissolved into THF. Then, a certain amount of CNTs were added to the MEH-PPV solution. It is then stirred for 3 hours and sonicated for 1 hour to ensure that CNTs i…
Demand on high quality amorphous hydrogenated Si (a- Si:H) for thin film solar cell or microelectronics applications necessitates microscopic and in-situ access to various processes in this fundamentally interesting material. We demonstrate that such access can be provided by combining first principles computational s…
This paper presents the generation of the third harmonic at the diffraction on nonlinear layered structure.