Materials Literature
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ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTEffects of the Sequence Distribution of Poly(acrylonitrile−butadiene) Copolymers on the Surface Chemical Composition As Determined by XPS and Dynamic Contact Angle MeasurementsLin Li, Chi-Ming Chan, and Lu Tao WengView Author Inform…
The oxidation of phosphorus by sulfur at low temperatures (<100 °C) has been shown to produce complex mixtures that include 12 of the 17 known binary phosphorus sulfides. Two of these 17 sulfides have been observed in these mixtures for the first time. The rate-determining and first step in the reaction appears to be…
A benchmark study on several closed-form solutions for the mean crushing strength and the cutting resistance of plated structures during collision or grounding is carried out by comparing theoretical solutions with experimental data. Based on expressions which have been derived for unstiffened structures, an extension…
The effect of annealing on the permeation of oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide through coextruded linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) films is studied. The results indicate that the permeability coefficient P of nitrogen does not show a definite dependence on the time of annealing, t a, whereas for the other ga…
Conformational polymorphism of an oligothiophene the title compound (T4S), is reported for the first time. Efficient synthesis of T4S produced, in addition to the triclinic, deep orange crystals reported previously, a second (yellow, monoclinic) form of T4S, whose structure as revealed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffract…
Strain‐dependent electrical conduction has been observed in the system NiO–CaO. x NiO·(1 ‐ x )CaO solid solutions are fabricated by a traditional solid‐reaction method. When the 0.03NiO·0.97CaO solid solution is annealed at 1000°C, excess NiO is excluded and precipitates on the surface or intergrain layers. When compr…
A new and effective method for developing ultralow-loss glasses for long-distance optical fiber systems is presented. The idea is based on the observed strong effect of a very small amount of alkaline or alkaline-earth impurities on structural relaxation of “frozen-in” density fluctuations. Efficiency of this method i…
With the ultimate purpose of designing molecule/surface interaction potentials for the dynamical study of electropolymerization reactions, a theoretical framework, based on density functional theory (DFT), is proposed to obtain in a self-consistent manner the true electronic density of a metallic surface set under an…
Luminescence induced by fracture has been observed in rare earth element-doped hexacelsian ( BaAl 2 Si 2 O 8 ). The color of the luminescence varies depending on the kinds of doped rare earth element. Eu 2+ -doped hexacelsian exhibits a luminescence of blue or green color. Sm 2+ - and Sm 3+ -doped hexacelsians exhibit…
Electroless copper deposition has been shown to be a viable technique for the fabrication of very large scale integration (VLSI) interconnections. In particular, electroless deposition was found to be able to fill the high aspect ratio features in submicron VLSI technologies. In this work one‐ and two‐dimensional mode…
We report on the type and density of charge carriers obtained from Hall-effect measurements in the three different magnetic phases of ${\mathrm{Pr}}_{0.5}$${\mathrm{Sr}}_{0.5}$${\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ . The field dependence of the Hall resistivity has two contributions of opposite sign: one is related to skew scattering a…
Intumescent chemical systems are designed to swell into a thick, robust foam upon exposure to heat, protecting the underlying material from fire by providing a physical barrier to heat and mass transfer. The mechanisms determining the fire-resistant properties of these materials are not well understood. Various approa…
A powerful, compact, and repetitive flash x-ray system based on a cable transformer technology powered by ceramic capacitors in a Blumlein-like configuration has been developed. Open circuit voltages in excess of 100 kV can be achieved while commutation occurs at low voltage (&lt;20 kV). The x-ray emission from a…
Monodisperse soap bubbles introduced into a glass cylinder form ordered foam structures whose liquid fraction may be varied by the steady supply of the solution at the top. We report observations of moving boundaries in these structures. They include a 180° twist boundary, which was unanticipated and still not fully u…
Abstract It is often observed that the photochemical degradation of titanium dioxide pigmented PVC leads to a latent discoloration that is revealed only during a further period of storage of the aged material in the dark. This effect is reversible, and photobleaching can be provoked by a new irradiation of the polymer…
Substituting Cd 2+ ions into the A and B sites in a Pb(Ni 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 PbZrO 3 PbTiO 3 (PNNPZPT) ternary perovskite material made it possible to determine the effects of the Cd 2+ ion substitution site on sintering behavior. The substitution site of the Cd 2+ ion was identified by using X‐ray photoelectron spectros…
Dielectric measurements have been performed on a KTN ceramic with composition KTa0.6Nb0.4O3 under various dc bias electric fields E. The temperature and field dependences of ε′r and tan δ are related to the presence of polarization fluctuations. Around TC, ε′r exhibits a nonlinearity following the relationship: ε′r =…
This article describes a strategy for suppressing the coalescence of cells during shaping in continuous processing of microcellular plastics. Microcellular plastics are foamed polymers characterized by a cell density greater than 10 9 cells/cm 3 and fully grown cell size on the order of 10 μm. Since the invention of m…
Initiation of a corrosion pit in plain carbon steel (CS) was simulated by preconditioning a small area and a larger concentric area as an anode and cathode, respectively. Preconditioning was achieved by applying a galvanic current between the electrodes. During this initial step, the effect of sulfate-reducing bacteri…
Structure factors with known magnitude and phase are constructed for seven different molecular crystals in non-centrosymmetric space groups and used to calibrate the retrieval of structure-factor phase information with several different scattering factor models. Monopole models are confirmed to be inadequate, yielding…