Materials Literature
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Abstract Poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) was crosslinked by γ radiation in the presence of triallyl isocyanurate. The influence of γ‐radiation crosslinking on the thermal and mechanical properties of poly(ϵ‐caprolactone)/triallyl isocyanurate was investigated. Differential scanning calorimetry analyses showed differences between…
Hole-injection recording of organic semiconductor memory with a photochromic diarylethene memory layer was investigated by using a device structure with an electron block layer (EBL). Devices with thicker EBL showed faster current decrease, that is, high isomerization efficiency. The high efficiency of isomerization o…
A tunable negative refraction mechanism based on the properties of nematic liquid crystals is proposed. It shows that negative group refraction occurs at the interface between air and the nematic liquid crystals, and that the refraction can be adjusted by an applied electric field and by the temperature. For a nematic…
The authors have demonstrated an up to sevenfold enhancement of photoluminescence from silicon-rich silicon nitride film due to a single photonic crystal cavity. The enhancement is partially attributed to the Purcell effect [Purcell, Phys. Rev. 69, 681 (1946)], which is predicted to be up to 35-fold by finite differen…
By using ab initio calculations we investigated the interaction of alkali metal atoms and alkali metal cations with perfect and defective carbon nanotubes. Our results show that the alkali metals prefer to interact with the pentagons and heptagons that appear on the defective site of the carbon nanotube rather than wi…
The high resolution electron energy loss spectrum of polycrystalline diamond films deposited from various isotopic gas mixtures, C12H4+H2, C12D4+D2, and C13H4+H2, are reported. Three types of peaks were unambiguously identified: (1) Pure C–C related peaks (a diamond C–C stretch at ∼150meV and its overtones at 300, 450…
Li Nb O 3 ∕ Nb -doped SrTiO3 heterojunction was fabricated by pulsed laser deposition. The current-voltage curve of this heterojunction shows good rectifying property and changes with temperature dramatically. For the forward bias, the conduction mechanism changes from Ohmic-like for the low bias voltages to space cha…
Poly(l-lactic acid) was crystallized from the glassy state at different temperatures to produce fully transformed semi-crystalline specimens exhibiting different lamellar morphologies. The materials were tested by dynamic mechanical analysis, where a T g decrease was found with an increasing crystallization temperatur…
The lattice structure of (110)-oriented BiFeO3 epitaxial thin layers has been identified by synchrotron x-ray diffraction. By using (221) and (221¯) peaks in the (HHL) zone, a ground state monoclinic Mb phase has been observed with lattice parameters of (β;am∕√2andcm)=(89.35°;3.985and3.888Å). These results demonstrate…
The authors measure the temperature dependence of the first absorption feature (dE∕dT) for different sizes of CdSe∕ZnS nanocrystals. In contrast to previous experiments, they find that dE∕dT is experimentally identical for all nanocrystal sizes considered and agrees well with the bulk CdSe value. They show that a firs…
Using combined microscopy and optical characterizations, the authors demonstrate effective Er doping into freestanding ZnO nanowires via ion implantation. The Er atoms are observed to take the substitutional sites in ZnO without causing obvious distortion to the host lattice. While the band gap threshold of the Er dop…
The mechanical properties of individual tungsten oxide (WO3) nanowires, directly grown onto tungsten scanning tunneling microscopy tips, have been investigated by a custom-built in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurement system. Young’s modulii (E) of the individual WO3 nanowires were measured with the…
Twin boundaries (TBs) in ultra-fine grained (UFG) copper prepared by powder metallurgy were investigated using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and geometric phase analysis (GPA). Specimens were analyzed both before and after mechanical deformation (compression of 40%) and emphasis placed on th…
Grain boundaries are known to be sources and sinks for bulk vacancies, but the exchange that occurs between the grain boundary and the bulk under a low stress is still obscure. In the present paper, it is shown that grain boundaries may act as sources to emit vacancies when an anelastic deformation occurs under a comp…
The strengthening mechanisms in bimetallic Cu/Ni thin layers are investigated using a hybrid approach that links the parametric dislocation dynamics method with ab initio calculations. The hybrid approach is an extension of the Peierls–Nabarro (PN) model to bimaterials, where the dislocation spreading over the interfa…
Abstract The gelation rates of poly(3‐alkyl thiophenes) (P3AT) are strongly dependent on the pendent alkyl chain length. Poly(3‐hexyl thiophene (P3HT) gels at higher isothermal temperatures than that of poly(3‐dodecyl thiophene), (P3DDT). Gelation rate has been expressed as a combination of a temperature dependent fun…
Magnetic field-induced entropy change has been experimentally studied for phase-separated manganites Eu0.55Sr0.45MnO3 and La0.27Nd0.40Ca0.33 MnO3. The entropy derived from the measured heat capacity exhibits a significant decrease under applied field in a broad temperature range below Curie temperature, and the maximu…
A series of molecular dynamics simulations using the embedded atom method is conducted to investigate crack propagation under mode I loading in a Ni single crystal with and without defects. The crack system (0 0 1)[1 0 0] in a slab of 160 000 atoms was studied. Defects consisting of lines of vacancies were introduced…
Luminescent amorphous silicon nitride films were fabricated by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition at room temperature followed by thermal oxidation at 100°C. Very bright green emissions were clearly observed with the naked eye in a bright room after the samples had been oxidized. The emission peak is located at…
To improve the field emission current density of aligned carbon nanotubes grown by thermal chemical vapor deposition, postgrowth thermal annealing was conducted at 850°C for 1h in vacuum plus at 465°C for 2h in air. It was found that the highest field emission current density significantly improved by a factor of 4 (f…