Materials Literature
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The hetero-interface electrode, LaSrCoO4-d on La0.6Sr0.4CoO3-d, was examined by means of impedance analysis and steady state polarization method. The performance of the hetero-interface electrode was higher than those of LaSrCoO4-dγandγLa0.6Sr0.4CoO3-d. This is attributed to the enhancement of oxygen exchange at the h…
Compounds with the general formula La0.8Sr0.2Cu1-xMnxO3 were prepared by the citrate route. A solid solution region containing hexagonal perovskite phase, was formed when 0.6{less than or equal to}x{less than or equal to}1, in which oxygen stoichiometry in air changes from oxygen deficiency to oxygen excess with Mn do…
Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) have serious problems under heating cycle. As a solution for this problem, use of micro- tubular SOFCs is considered for robustness under rapid changes of operating temperature. We fabricated cube-shaped SOFC bundles with following method; Micro-tubular Gd-CeO2(GDC)-NiO anode was fabrica…
The properties of composite materials based on mixtures of gadolinium-doped ceria (GDC) and Li2CO3-K2CO3 are analyzed as potential SOFC electrolytes. In a temperature range higher than 500{degree sign}C, their ionic conductivity is significantly higher than for single GDC. Discontinuities were found in the conductivit…
The Na x CoO 2 single-crystal surface is conveniently modified by conducting-probe-mediated reversible electrochemical sodium intercalation/deintercalation reactions; the process, involving versatile erasing, yields more conducting (sodium deintercalation) or more insulating patterns (sodium intercalation).
A new concept of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC), Symmetrical SOFC (SFC), has been investigated. In this new configuration, the same electrode material is used simultaneously as anode and cathode. Interconnector materials, such as chromites, could be potential symmetrical electrodes, at least, under pure hydrogen at rela…
We have developed a process for fabricating top-gate SrTiO 3 field-effect transistors (FETs) where the critical channel interface is constructed before forming the source and drain electrodes in order to reduce the density of defects in the transistor channel. Metallic source and drain electrodes are formed by Argon i…
The consortium of Topsoe Fuel Cell A/S and Riso̸ National Laboratory has up-scaled its production capacity. Stacks are based on a compact thin plate multilayer design with metallic interconnects and 12x12 cm2 or 18x18 cm2 foot print. Larger (500 cm2) cells are currently under evaluation. Stacks have been tested succes…
Single crystals of PbSc(0.5)Ta(0.5)O(3) with suppressed and enhanced oxygen deficiencies and different degrees of long-range B-site ordering were studied by Raman spectroscopy in order to clarify the significance of the different factors for the formation and growth of ferroic clusters in relaxors. It is shown that th…
Polycrystalline ${\mathrm{Cu}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Mn}}_{x}\mathrm{O}$ has been fabricated by the standard solid-state reaction method in the concentration range $0\ensuremath{\leqslant}x\ensuremath{\leqslant}0.05$. Ferromagnetic characteristics are observed except for the $x\ensuremath{\leqslant}0.002$ samples…
The reaction and interdiffusion characteristics at the interface of rare earth doped ceria (M0.2Ce0.8O1.9, M = Gd, La) and perovskite- type cathode materials (La0.8Sr0.2CoO3, La0.8Sr0.2FeO3, and La0.8Sr0.2(Co, Fe)O3) were investigated, and their effect on the long-term reliability of SOFC performance was discussed. A…
Abstract Palladium chloride was grafted to amino‐functionalized MCM‐41 to prepare heterogeneous catalysts. XRD, N 2 adsorption–desorption isotherms, IR, 13 C and 29 Si cross‐polarization magic‐angle spinning NMR spectroscopy and XPS techniques were employed to characterize the catalytic materials. The heterogeneous pa…
The interaction of NO with TiO2 (110)-(1 x 2) surface has been studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy, and low-energy electron diffraction, with the aim to clarify the role of ordered defects in NO reactivity toward TiO2. The interaction was stu…
Under high pressure, zinc-blende $(B3)$ compounds commonly go through a phase transition to the rocksalt $(B1)$ structure and some of them go to the $\mathrm{NiAs}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}(B8)$ structure. The mechanism of the $B3\text{\ensuremath{-}}B1$ transition is well established, but little is known about the $…
A covalently tethered polymer molecule can spontaneously break away from the surface when polymer/surface interaction is sufficiently unfavorable. This is demonstrated in surface-initiated polymerization of a hydrophilic polymer, hyperbranched polyglycidol, from minority surface sites embedded in a hydrophobic self-as…
In this paper we develop dielectric polarization evolution equations, and the resulting frequency-domain expressions, and relationships for the resulting frequency dependent relaxation times. The model is based on a previously developed equation that was derived using statistical-mechanical theory. We extract relaxati…
Mixed ion- and electron-conducting composite electrodes consisting of doped ceria and perovskite have been studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. This paper aims to describe the different contributions to the polarisation impedance of the cathode…
The authors measure 2H NMR multitime correlation functions to investigate the segmental motion of poly(propylene glycol) containing various amounts of the salt LiClO4. 2H NMR two-time correlation functions indicate that addition of salt affects not only the time scale of the segmental motion, but also the degree of th…
Unlike in conventional hydrodynamics, the viscosity is assumed to smoothly change across a thin interfacial region between two fluid-phases in the fluid particle dynamics (FPD) method, which was proposed to facilitate the numerical study of colloidal dynamics. We study how the pressure and velocity fields are connecte…
Solid oxide electrolyzers have the potential to play an important role in a hydrogen economy in which energy, for mobile applications and electrical grid load balancing, is stored as hydrogen. The advantages of solid oxide electrolyzers for hydrogen production are 1/ the high operating temperature resulting in high el…