Materials Literature
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The influence of interface porosity on the wetting properties of colloid-polymer mixtures is studied within density functional theory for the Asakura-Oosawa-Vrij model at the surface of a quenched hard-sphere matrix. While the porosity hardly changes the location of the transition from partial to complete wetting at c…
Abstract LiY 1‐ x Eu x F 4 ( x = 0; 0.1 nominally) crystals were obtained by a modified Bridgman‐Stockbarger technique. Europium was found to coexist in the LiYF 4 :Eu crystal in two valence states, Eu 3+ and Eu 2+ , the content of the latter being enhanced in the near‐to‐surface region. The presence of bulk divalent…
The ferroelectric properties of Bi3.15Nd0.85Ti3O12 and Bi3.25La0.75Ti3O12 thin films under applied uniaxial stress were investigated. It was observed in both films that the remnant polarization (Pr) increased with tensile stress, while it decreased with compressive stress. On the contrary, the coercive field (Ec) decr…
Silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) nanowires and nanobelts have been successfully prepared via direct crystallization of amorphous Si 3 N 4 nanoparticles under high temperature in a N 2 flow. The products were characterized by X‐ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, high‐reso…
Abstract Evolution of stresses developing in Cu thin films during and after deposition by thermal evaporation in UHV system is studied. Thin films were deposited on 100 µm thick Si substrate at room temperature. Deposition rates for the films were changed between 0.2 Å/s and 2.0 Å/s, while the total thickness was chan…
${\mathrm{K}}_{2}{\mathrm{Bi}}_{8}{\mathrm{Se}}_{13}$ belongs to a class of complex chalcogenides that shows potential for superior thermoelectric performance. This compound forms in two distinct phases, $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ and $\ensuremath{\beta}$. The $\ensuremath{\beta}$ phase, which has several sites with mixed…
A novel method has been developed to improve protein-crystal perfection during crystallization in a high magnetic field and structural studies have been undertaken. The three-dimensional structure of orthorhombic hen egg-white (HEW) lysozyme crystals grown in a homogeneous and static magnetic field of 10 T has been de…
Abstract Luminescence of the excitons and the role of anti‐site defects, as well as the peculiarities of energy transfer to the Ce 3+ activator ions were investigated in Lu 3 Al 5 O 12 :Ce compound. The measurements of time–resolved emission spectra and decay kinetics at 9 K and 300 K under the excitation by synchrotr…
The great potential of high‐energy X‐ray diffraction to determine fine details in the atomic scale structure is discussed and illustrated with an example of a successful study on GeSe 2 glass.
Abstract The rheological behaviors of high‐impact polystyrene (HIPS) and HIPS/TiO 2 composites were investigated by use of a rheometer in the present article. HIPS exhibited a constant critical stress of the sharkskin in various temperatures, and the analysis indicated that the mechanism of sharkskin of HIPS was wall–…
We have found a new composite SnO 2 –Zn 2 SnO 4 varistor material and the effect of different content ratios of SnO 2 to Zn 2 SnO 4 on this system is investigated. The lowest breakdown voltage ( E B = 6.4 V/mm) and the highest relative dielectric constant (ε r = 1.54×10 4 ) with higher nonlinear coefficient (α = 4.5)…
Using both theory and computer simulation, we study the dewetting problem of a polymer layer grafted on a surface in a poor solvent. We find that in the regime of moderate grafting density the layer is unstable to the formation of finite-sized holes. The formation of these holes is a result of the tradeoff between min…
We investigate the competition of the various organic components of two representative adhesive systems for reactive defect sites at model surfaces of both SiO2 and Al2O3. The reaction energies of resin monomers, curing agents, and in some cases also of additional adhesion promoters with the defects are calculated. We…
Pump-probe Kerr spectroscopy reveals evidence for transient photoinduced magnetization (PIM) near ${T}_{c}$ in the colossally magnetoresistive manganite ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.7}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{0.3}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$. For temperatures above ${T}_{c}$, the PIM signature reaches full strength at the field-driven mag…
Abstract Test bars (3 mm thick) made from a high‐density polyethylene (HDPE), a low‐density polyethylene (LDPE), and a linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE) were injection‐molded from virgin polymer and from blends containing recycled photodegraded polymer of the same kind. The molded bars were then subjected to ult…
High‐temperature Young's modulus of a partially sintered alumina ceramic has been studied dynamically during the sintering process. Comparative, room‐temperature Young's modulus data were obtained for a suite of partially sintered alumina compacts with different porosities. The dynamic Young's modulus of a 1200°C part…
Abstract Enzymatic synthesis of a water‐soluble, conducting polyaniline (PANI) was studied, using horseradish peroxidase as the biocatalyst and H 2 O 2 as the initiator, in the presence of a poly(vinylsulfonic acid, sodium salt) (PVS) polyanion template. The effects of the buffer, concentration of H 2 O 2 , and the mo…
Abstract Membranes were prepared by the direct and isothermal immersion of polyamide solutions in a formic acid/water bath. A crystalline polycaprolactam homopolymer, nylon 6, and a largely amorphous terpolymer of nylon 6, nylon 66, and nylon 610 were precipitated from solutions to form complex morphologies on the top…
Abstract Nano‐sized calcium carbonate was pretreated with silane coupling agent and then mixed with butyl acrylate that is of larger amount than the nanoparticles. Under γ‐irradiation, graft polymerization occurred on the nanoparticle surface, forming a nanocomposite structure consisting of grafted poly(butyl acrylate…
Three-dimensional plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) has been demonstrated using a new type high-density volumetric plasma source with multiple low-inductance antenna system. The plasma density in the volume of phi 200 mm x 100 mm is 5.1 x 10(10) cm(-3) within +/-5…