Materials Literature
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We report a facile and environmentally friendly strategy for high-yield synthesis of highly monodisperse gold nanoparticles with urchin-like shape. A simple protein, gelatin, was first used for the control over shape and orientation of the gold nanoparticles. These nanoparticles, ready to use for biological systems, a…
We use first principles calculations to investigate the magnetic properties of zinc oxide nanoribbons with zigzag-terminated edges. The polarized spin density of states is calculated as a function of the nanoribbons width and thickness. All nanoribbons formed by a single layer exhibit a magnetic behavior independently…
It has long been puzzling regarding the atomistic origin of the pressure-induced Raman phonon stiffening that generally follows a polynomial expression with coefficients needing physical indication. Here we show that an extension of the bond-order-length-strength (BOLS) correlation mechanism to the pressure domain has…
It has long been puzzling regarding the mechanism behind the nonlinearity of lattice thermal expansion at low temperatures despite modeling considerations from various perspectives in classical or quantum approximations. An analytical solution in terms of local bond average is presented herewith showing that the therm…
An analytical solution has been developed clarifying that the thermally driven elastic softening of crystals can be directly related to the length and strength of the representative bonds of the crystal and to the response of the bonding identities to the change of temperature. Reproduction of the experimental results…
In order to gain advanced understanding of the kinetics and dynamics of C, N, and O reacting with a solid surface, it is necessary to consider the reaction from the perspectives of bond formation, bond dissociation, bond relaxation, bond vibration, and the associated charge redistribution and polarization and the ener…
Incorporating the bond-order-length-strength correlation mechanism [Sun CQ, Prog Solid State Chem 35, 1 -159 (2007)] and Borns criterion for melting [J. Chem. Phys. 7, 591(1939)] into the conventional Hall-Petch relationship has turned out an analytical expression for the size and temperature dependence of the mechani…
We present a family of water-soluble quantum dots (QDs) that exhibit low nonspecific binding to cells, small hydrodynamic diameter, tunable surface charge, high quantum yield, and good solution stability across a wide pH range. These QDs are amenable to covalent modification via simple carbodiimide coupling chemistry,…
We report backscattering spectroscopic measurements on individual single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). The reflectance spectra show geometry-dependent resonant peaks corresponding to optical transitions between Van Hove singularities in the SWNTs' joint density of states. All nanotubes display certain colours as th…
Damage-free surface treatment of carbon nanotubes and self-assembled monolayer devices using a neutral beam process for fusing top–down and bottom–up processes, Samukawa, Seiji, Ishikawa, Yasushi, Okumura, Keiji, Sato, Yoshinori, Tohji, Kazuyuki, Ishida, Takao
A new ordered fullerene phase encapsulated by large-diameter CNTs is systematically investigated by combining a growth technique by chemical vapour deposition, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and molecular-dynamics simulations. In contrast to fullerenes in smaller (1-2 nm) diameter CNTs, where fullere…
Mesoporous silica materials derivatized with propyl-sulfonic groups (SBA-15) with a monovalent cation-exchange capacity of ∼1 meq/g were exchanged with Ce(III) ions to ∼0.5 meq/g to form Ce(III)SBA material displaying high-intensity purple photoluminescence. XPS and NIR-DRS analysis suggests the Ce(III) ion is bound t…
When irradiated by the focused Ar+ ion laser of below band-gap photon energy (2.41 and 2.54eV), a large increase of refractive index (e.g., Δn=6% at 1550nm) was observed in 60GeS2–20Ga2S3–20AgI bulk glass (with bandgap of 2.71eV). We found it surprisingly that such a large Δn quickly smeared out after the illumination…
We report measurements of the electric surface potential (SP) and its temporal evolution in thermally poled silica samples, thus, providing a direct quantitative evidence of the frozen-in voltage. The SP value is found to be directly related to the voltage across the depletion layer and there is a clear link between f…
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of nitrogen (N) level on the dry matter (DM) yield, N concentration and oxalate content of some tropical grasses, namely Rhodesgrass (Chloris gayana), Guineagrass (Panicum maximum) and Sudangrass (Sorghum vulgare). Three levels of N as urea were applied (Standard-260…
The compound Ce12.60Cd58.68(2) is a metrically commensurate representative of the incommensurately modulated phase Ce13Cd57+delta. It is most likely a lock-in phase. The structure, which was solved using seeding of the modulation from those positions most affected as well as direct solution by charge flipping, represe…
We have studied the electrical transport properties of individual single-crystalline IrO(2) nanorods prepared by the metal-organic chemical vapour deposition method. With the help of the standard electron-beam lithographic technique, individual nanorods are contacted by Cr/Au submicron electrodes from above. Utilizing…
Various silver nanostructures with hollow interiors, including nanoscaled cubic or quasi-cubic boxes, tubes, triangular rings, trapeziform rings and hybrid structures composed of tubes and cubic boxes, were synthesized via an extremely simple route. The method involved the modification of the solid silver nanocrystals…
Abstract Novel cellulosic fibers modified by β ‐cyclodextrin (CFEC) were prepared for adsorption for heavy metal ions like copper (II) and organic dye like neutral red from their aqueous solutions. The modified cellulosic fibers gave higher copper ion adsorption, and showed copper ion uptake values of 6.24 mg/g at 293…
A series of sugar-appended Schiff base chiral rod−coil amphiphiles with various alkoxy chain lengths have been synthesized in order to elucidate the variation of the helical twisting power (HTP), that is, the inverse of the pitch length, of the helical texture in the self-assembly of the amphiphiles. The HTP induced b…