Materials Literature
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Water-soluble eight-armed poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(l-lactide) star block copolymers linked by an amide or ester group between the PEG core and the PLA blocks (PEG-(NHCO)-(PLA)(8) and PEG-(OCO)-(PLA)(8)) were synthesized by the stannous octoate catalyzed ring-opening polymerization of l-lactide using an amine- or hyd…
Most secretion pathways in bacteria and eukaryotic cells are challenged by the requirement for their substrate proteins to mature after they traverse a membrane barrier and enter a reactive oxidizing environment. For Gram-positive bacteria, the mechanisms that protect their exported proteins from misoxidation during t…
Four types of copper-containing MCM-41 mesoporous silicas were synthesized by the surface organometallic chemistry (SOMC) procedure (Cu/MCM-41-S), mechanical mixing (Cu/MCM-41-M), impregnation (Cu/MCM-41-I), and the hydrothermal technique (Cu/MCM-41-H). The resultant samples were characterized in detail by X-ray diffr…
We have carried out a spin-polarized-neutron study on multiferroic CuCrO 2 to clarify the origin of the ferroelectricity. The neutron results demonstrate that an incommensurate proper-screw magnetic structure of CuCrO 2 induces electric polarization. Not only the magnetic structure but also the oxygen location contrib…
Three dimensional (3D) hierarchical porous (micro-, meso- and macro-porous) carbon monoliths (HCMs) have recently been proposed as promising supercapacitor electrodes. In this work, we have further explored the use of block-copolymers as templates for the preparation of HCMs via condensation of resorcinol and formalde…
We report on a new method to determine the degree of bulk spin polarization in single crystal ${\mathrm{Co}}_{(1\ensuremath{-}x)}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{x}{\mathrm{S}}_{2}$ by modeling magnetic Compton scattering with ab initio calculations. Spin-dependent Compton profiles were measured for ${\mathrm{CoS}}_{2}$ and ${\mathrm{C…
Ab initio calculations and statistical mechanics are combined to elucidate the thermodynamics of H vacancies in ${\text{MgH}}_{2}$. A general method based on a grand-canonical ensemble of defect configurations is presented to model the exchange of hydrogen between crystalline ${\text{MgH}}_{2}$ and gas-phase ${\text{H…
Recent molecular dynamic simulations have found that chiral single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) twist during stretching, resembling the motion of a screw. Obviously this phenomenon, as a type of curvature–chirality effect, cannot be explained by the usual isotropic elastic theory of SWCNTs. More interestingly, wit…
This paper deals with the effect of interface structures on the mechanical properties of fiber reinforced composite materials. First, the background of research, development and applications on hybrid composite materials is introduced. Second, metal/polymer composite bonded structures are discussed. Then, the rational…
Motivated by recent interest in quasi-one-dimensional compound CaV2O4, we study the ground states of a spin-orbital chain characterized by an Ising-like orbital Hamiltonian and frustrated interactions between S=1 spins. The on-site spin-orbit interaction and Jahn-Teller effect compete with inter-site superexchange lea…
The hydrogen-based route could be a valuable way to produce steel considering its low carbon dioxide emissions. In ULCOS, it is regarded as a long-term option, largely dependent on the emergence of a hydrogen economy. To anticipate its possible development, it was decided to check the feasibility of using 100% H2 in a…
In this work, the structural and magnetic properties of the gold-coated FePt nanoparticles synthesized from high-temperature solution phase are presented. The amount of gold was optimized to obtain most of the FePt particles coated. The particle diameter increases from 4 to 10 nm as observed by TEM. The magnetic prope…
We provide a methodology for generating interatomic potentials for use in classical molecular-dynamics simulations of atomistic phenomena occurring at energy scales ranging from lattice vibrations to crystal defects to high-energy collisions. A rigorous method to objectively determine the shape of an interatomic poten…
The doping of Mn in Si is attracting research attentions due to the possibility to fabricate Si-based diluted magnetic semiconductors. However, the low solubility of Mn in Si favors the precipitation of Mn ions even at nonequilibrium growth conditions. ${\text{MnSi}}_{1.7}$ nanoparticles are the common precipitates, w…
Isolated nuclear spins provide a promising building block for quantum information science, motivating development of techniques to characterize, control, and detect them in suitable systems. Working with the nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond, we demonstrate robust initialization, manipulation, and readout of individu…
New magnetometry techniques based on nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defects in diamond allow for the detection of static (dc) and oscillatory (ac) nanoscopic magnetic fields, yet are limited in their ability to detect fields arising from randomly fluctuating (FC) environments. We show here that FC fields restrict dc and ac sen…
Among various parent compounds of iron pnictide superconductors, ${\text{EuFe}}_{2}{\text{As}}_{2}$ stands out due to the presence of both spin density wave of Fe and antiferromagnetic (AFM) ordering of the localized ${\text{Eu}}^{2+}$ moment. Single-crystal neutron-diffraction studies have been carried out to determi…
Deregulation in different steps of translational control is an emerging mechanism for cancer formation. One example of an oncogene with a direct role in control of translation is the Myc transcription factor. Myc directly increases protein synthesis rates by controlling the expression of multiple components of the pro…
Limitations in therapy induced by adverse effects due to unselective drug availability and therefore the use of potentially too high doses are a common problem. One prominent example for this dilemma are inflammatory diseases. Colloidal carriers allow one to improve delivery of drugs to the site of action and appear p…
Lowering the operating temperature of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) to the intermediate range (500–700 ºC) has become one of the main SOFC research goals. High operating temperatures put numerous requirements on materials selection and on secondary units, limiting the commercial development of SOFCs. The present revi…