Materials Literature
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This paper introduces the project ADIAC (Automatic Diatom Identification and Classification), which started in May 1998 and which is financed by the European MAST (Marine Science and Technology) programme. The main goal is to develop algorithms for an automatic identification of diatoms using image information, both v…
Unprecedented metal-core architectures are exhibited by the title palladium cluster compounds, the structures of which consist of twinned cuboctahedral units. The Pd30 core (see picture) consists of two Pd13 fragments that form a Pd20 bicuboctahedron (blue) with six common atoms, in addition to six face-capping (orang…
Abstract New fluoro‐modified thermoplastic polyurethanes containing perfluoropolyether (PFPE) blocks were synthesized by the reaction of a fluorinated macrodiol with a hydrogenated prepolymer based on poly(tetramethylene glycol) and 4,4′‐methylene‐ bis ‐phenylisocyanate, followed by subsequent chain extension with 1,4…
The research into new materials with good thermoelectric properties has revealed new compounds consisting of metallic elements (Bando Y, Suemitsu T, Takagi K, Tokushima H, Echizen Y, Katoh K, Umeo K, Maeda Y and Takabatake T 2000 J. Alloys Compounds 313 1–6, Ghelani N, Loo S, Chung D, Sportouch S, Nardi S, Kanatzidis…
Dimethyl ether (DME) has received attention as an alternative, clean diesel fuel due to its thermal efficiencies equivalent to traditional diesel fuel, lower NOx emission, near-zero smoke and less engine noise.1,2 Consequently, the process of direct synthesis of DME from syngas has been investigated since Haldor Topso…
This paper proposes an approach to incorporate stray capacitances into a dynamic circuit model of high frequency transformers. The measuring techniques for stray capacitances in high frequency transformers and inductors are presented. A 500 W transformer in a full bridge inverter operating at 25 kHz has been simulated…
Electromigration in on-chip plated Cu damascene interconnections has been investigated for metal line widths from 0.24 /spl mu/m to 1.3 /spl mu/m. Void growth at the cathode end and protrusions at the anode end of the lines have been found to be the main causes of failure. The failure lifetime was found to decrease li…
Licht-Jäger und -Sammler: Der Transfer von Anregungsenergie von der Titelverbindung auf Rhodamin B erfolgt nach Gelbildung ausschließlich von den selbstorganisierten Nanostrukturen aus (Pfad a im Schema), und nicht von einzelnen Molekülen (Pfad b). Die Emission des Farbstoffs lässt sich somit thermoreversibel an- und…
Abstract By solid‐state 13 C‐ and 31 P‐NMR, XPS, and FTIR, the chemical structure of activated carbon fiber–P (ACF‐P) and its reaction with phosphoric acid were studied. Even when activated at low temperatures, these fibers developed a graphitelike carbon structure with a certain amount of phenol groups as well as ace…
Describes the objectives of a project, which are to design artificial limbs that are lightweight, compact and dexterous, that mimic human anatomy and maintain a high lifting capability. The key to satisfying these objectives is the use of shape memory alloy (SMA) artificial muscles as actuators. A general methodology…
Partial discharge monitoring is an effective on-line predictive maintenance test for motors and generators at 4160 volt and above, as well as other electrical distribution equipment. The benefits of online testing allow for equipment analysis and diagnostics during normal production. Corrective actions can be planned…
Abstract Ethylene vinyl acetate rubber (45% vinyl acetate content, EVA‐45) and organomodified clay (12Me‐MMT) composites were prepared by solution blending of the rubber and the clay. A combination of X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy studies showed that the composit…
Yttria–zirconia and ceria–zirconia mesoporous thin films adopt either a cubic or 2D hexagonal mesostructure (see picture) depending on the quantity of water employed during the post-processing of the films. The hexagonal films are thermally stable above 400 °C, while the cubic forms retain their integrity up to 700 °C…
The paper proposes a new digital algorithm for the implementation of the fixed frequency, adaptive hysteresis current control for voltage source inverters. The key features of the new algorithm are the minimization of the analog external circuitry, the capability to automatically compensate for the inverter dead-time…
The structural and magnetic properties of ZnFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles embedded in a nonmagnetic ZnO matrix are presented. X-ray diffractograms and transmission electron microscopy images showed that the resulting samples are composed of crystalline ferrite nanoparticles with average crystallite size ⟨ D ⟩ = 23.4 ± 0.9 nm…
Two new transition-metal tellurium oxy-chlorides of the general formula Ni_5(TeO_3)_4X_2 (X=Cl, Br) have been isolated during the investigation of the ternary phase diagram NiO-NiCl2-TeO2. They crystallize in the monoclinic system, space group C2/c, and for the case of Ni_5(TeO_3)_4Cl_2 the unit cell is a=19.5674(2) A…
We propose a new type of morphological instability in the diffusion-limited growth of faceted crystals from the vapor phase that can explain the formation of thin ice plates at temperatures near -15 C. The instability appears when the attachment kinetics for facet growth depends strongly on the morphology of the facet…
We evaluate the equation of state of the quasi-one-dimensional (1D) phase of C60 molecules in small carbon nanotubes, nicknamed ``peas in a pod''. The chemical potential and 1D pressure are evaluated as functions of the temperature and density, initially with the approximation of nearest neighbor interactions and clas…
The electronic structure of the vanadium dioxide VO_2 in the tetragonal R and two monocinic M_1 and M_2 structural modifications was calculated in frames of the local-density functional (LDA) approach and the LSDA + U formalism of correction for correlation effects. Based on the results of calculation, we argue in fav…
Hot gels get turned off: Gelation of the title molecules facilitate transfer of excitation energy exclusively from the self-assembled nanostructures (see scheme path a) to Rhodamine B and not from the single molecules (path b), thereby establishing the role of self-assembled gel nanostructures in light harvesting. The…