Materials Literature
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Endothelial cell seeding, a promising method to improve the performance of small-diameter vascular grafts, requires a suitable substrate, such as crosslinked collagen. Commonly used crosslinking agents such as glutaraldehyde and formaldehyde cause, however, cytotoxic reactions and thereby hamper endothelialization of…
An historical review is given on the effects of neutron irradiation on the microstructure and properties of Zircaloy. Topics included are basic neutron damage structure, precipitate instabilities, irradiation growth, deformation and mechanical properties, and corrosion. A personal perspective is given by the author, a…
In food packaging applications where low-density polyethylene (LDPE) film containing α-tocopherol is used, the antioxidant may have a dual function, i.e. to protect the polymer from oxidative degradation during processing, and to delay the onset of oxidation of the packaged foodstuff during storage. Incorporation of h…
To date, few researchers have solved three-dimensional free surface problems with dynamic wetting lines. This paper extends the free surface finite element method (FEM) described in a companion paper [Cairncross RA, Schunk PR, Baer TA, Sackinger PA, Rao RR. A finite element method for free surface flows of incompressi…
In this article we report on some surprising, and we believe new, findings regarding the factors affecting the optical properties (haze) of polyethylene blown and cast films. A comprehensive investigation of blown and cast films made from conventional Ziegler-Natta catalyzed linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) as…
The idea recently spread in the literature that the β-relaxation originates from cooperative motions in the glassy state is analysed. The results obtained by two different dielectric techniques, dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS) and thermally stimulated depolarisation currents (TSDC), are compared and, from thi…
Low-carbon weld metals with various amounts of Mn and Ni addition were made using metal-cored wires and Ar–2%O2 shielding gas, and their mechanical properties were evaluated. The objective of the research, aimed to develop welding consumables with better resistance to cold cracking, was to determine the optimum compos…
In the literature, many papers deal with the behavior of proteins in aqueous media in the presence of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) molecules or poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) segments, physically adsorbed onto, or covalently attached to, macromolecules or to solid surfaces. In particular, it is well known that PEO segments…
A Gram-negative bacterium, strain AL98, was isolated from foul water inside of a deteriorated car tire on a farmer's field in Münster, Germany. The strain was able to considerably disintegrate natural rubber (NR), either in the raw state as NR latex concentrate or in the vulcanized state as NR latex glove, as well as…
Thermal degradation of PET was studied in a nitrogen atmosphere at 200–700°C. The experiments were carried out in a tubular furnace under isothermal conditions. The volatile substances evolved from PET were identified and quantified. Weight losses of PET during the thermal degradation in different temperatures were de…
Abstract We present in this paper the use of silica-coating for nanostructuring metal and semiconductor nanoparticles. The basic concept is the strict tailoring of the interparticle spacing through the thickness of the silica shell. Three different experiments are presented that exemplify this concept. The first examp…
The properties of bone tissue with very high or very low mineral levels attract attention because they allow researchers to comprehend more fully the mechanics, interaction and effects of mineral on collagen through a greater range of compositions than that found in the "ordinary". The bone tissue of the rostrum of th…
The M(bipy)32+ cations in the isomorphous structures of [M(bipy)3][M′(dca)3]2, [dca = dicyanamide, N(CN)2−; M = Fe, M′ = Mn 1, Fe 2 or M = Ni, M′ = Mn 3] are contained within hexagonal windows of anionic 2D (6,3) M(dca)3− sheets; weak antiferromagnetic coupling is observed between metal centres within the anionic netw…
Chemical inhomogeneities (inclusions) present in the alloy are known to affect the stability of the passive film on stainless steels in the presence of chloride ions. In this work, three surface analytical techniques— XPS, AES and time-of-flight SIMS (ToF-SIMS)— have been used to characterize the surface films formed…
The analogy between carbon nanotubes and synthetic imogolite, an aluminosicate of stoichiometry (OH)3Al2O3SiOH, having a tubular structure of external diameter 2.4 nm and internal diameter 0.9 nm, is examined. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy, image matching and electron diffraction are used to examine…
The effects of storage at 25°C in swelling solvents having different solubility parameter (δs) values of 16.8–26.0 J0.5 cm−1.5 on the physical properties and structure of as-cast poly(L -lactide) (PLLA) films was investigated by the degree of swelling (DS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and tensile tests. I…
Temperature measurements are carried out in 99.99 wt% aluminium and aluminium–silicon alloys. The experimental apparatus was initially built for the study of microporosity formation in aluminium alloys.1) The construction is designed to obtain upward directional solidification by limiting lateral heat flow during cool…
We report on a comparative study of the transport properties of lightly La-doped layered CaO $({\mathrm{CaMnO}}_{3}{)}_{m}$ $(m=1,2,$ and $\ensuremath{\infty})$ and similar ${\mathrm{Mn}}^{3+}{/\mathrm{M}\mathrm{n}}^{4+}$ ratios. In contrast to the large and rather nonsystematic variations of the resistivity $\ensurem…
Passive layers on cobalt were prepared under potentiostatic control in borate buffer pH 9.3 and examined with x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The electrochemical preparation of the sputter-cleaned samples and their transfer to the ultrahigh vacuum was performed in a closed system under protection of purified a…
Interaction parameter, A, proposed in Yamashita-Kurosawa's theory of dielectric constant, has been calculated for numerous binary oxide glasses on the basis of polarizability of oxide ion determined from refractive index. It has been established that the interaction parameter is closely related to the oxide ion polari…