Materials Literature
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The fracture strength of ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) has been investigated using tensile testing of freestanding submicron films. Specifically, the fracture strength of UNCD membranes, grown by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD), was measured using the membrane deflection experiment developed b…
Star-shaped PbS crystals have been prepared by a novel thioglycolic acid (TGA) assisted hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction reveals that the PbS crystals are well crystallized, with the cubic rock-salt structure. Transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy observations show that the PbS crysta…
Phase diagram and critical properties are studied for three-dimensional double-exchange model with and without quenched disorder. Employing the Monte Carlo method and the systematic analysis on the finite-size effect, we estimate the Curie temperature and the critical exponent as functions of the doping concentration…
Metalworking fluids (MWFs) increase productivity and the quality of manufacturing operations by cooling and lubricating during metal forming and cutting processes. Despite their widespread use, they pose significant health and environmental hazards throughout their life cycle. An obvious environmental improvement to M…
Reaction of yttrium and lanthanum trichloride with 1 equiv of sodium or potassium hydrotris(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)borate and 1 equiv of 2,2'-bipyridine gives good yields of the complexes [MCl(2)(Tp(Me2))(C(10)H(8)N(2))] (M = Y (1), La (2)). The analogous compounds with 1,10-phenanthroline, [MCl(2)(Tp(Me2))(C(12)H(8)N(…
The goal of this work was to develop an MRI method for mapping the clearance of interstitial macromolecular plasma proteins after their extravasation from permeable blood vessels. To that end, a well-defined window of exposure to elevated blood levels was generated by inducing rapid clearance of macromolecular contras…
The nanocrystalline Gd-doped lead titanium zirconate (PGZT) with the composition Pb0.92Gd0.08(Zr0.53Ti0.47)0.98O3 has been synthesized by a combination of high-energy ball milling [mechanical alloying (MA)] and sintering. PGZT prepared by MA followed by high-temperature sintering has a higher dielectric constant compa…
This article illustrates a method for the estimation of apparent trap-controlled mobility of charges (i.e., the mobility of charges trapped at different states due to chemical-physical features) in polymeric insulation, based on the results of space charge measurements. The information provided by the so-called depola…
Direct evidence of lanthanide(III) lasing using Eu(III) complex in polymer thin films (threshold level <0.05 mJ) is reported. The thin film consists of polystyrene containing Eu(III) complexes based on two criteria: (1) Higher emission quantum yield of Eu(III) complexes, which increases the rs (energy density),…
The microstructural, magnetic, and magnetotransport properties of ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.7}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{0.3}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ films epitaxially grown on ${\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}$ substrates were studied as a function of film thickness. Films with a thickness above 70 nm show bulklike properties consistent with the relaxed…
We study the interaction between two separate carbon nanotubes that bond together by examing their geometry in transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The TEM image, in conjunction with a continuum mechanics model interpretation, provides an estimate of 0.36 nN binding energy between the two parallel carbon nanotubes.…
The oxomolybdenum-arsonate system was investigated under hydrothermal conditions in the presence of charge-compensating copper(II)-organonitrogen complex cations as secondary building blocks. A series of materials of the Mo/O/As/Cu/ligand family has been prepared and structurally characterized. The architectures of th…
The luminescence dynamics of optical centers in nanocrystals depends critically on the phonon density of states (PDOS), which is quite distinct from that of bulk materials. It is shown that energy transfer (ET) in nanocrystals is confined by discrete PDOS as well as direct size restriction. Temperature-, concentration…
The static and high frequency magnetic properties have been studied for BaW ferrites BaZn2−xCoxFe16O27 with x=0, 0.5, 0.7, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0. The results showed that Co ions are able to modify the anisotropy from c axis to c plane at x=0.6–0.7. For the BaW composites with c-plane anisotropy, as the Co concentration x…
We investigated polycrystalline zinc oxide (ZnO) with different annealing conditions in air by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and photoluminescence. We found that the concentration of antisite oxide (OZn) increases when ZnO ceramics were in an O-rich condition. As the concentration of antisite oxide (OZn) increased,…
We report the changes in surface state of tri- n -octylphosphine oxide (TOPO) capped CdSe nacocrystals by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). In the photobrightening state, where photoluminescence (PL) intensity increased during the illumination, surfac…
We report on a systematic experimental investigation of a class of multiferroic, three-phase particulate composite of Tb–Dy–Fe alloy, lead–zirconate–titanate (PZT), and polymer, in which a small volume fraction f of Tb–Dy–Fe alloy particles without and with the particle surfaces modified by an inactive surfactant are…
Polycrystalline Fe3O4 films have been prepared by reactive sputtering at room temperature. Transmission electron microscopy images show that the films consist of quite uniform Fe3O4 grains well separated by grain boundaries. It was found that the tunneling of spin-polarized electrons across the antiferromagnetic coupl…
Ge nanocrystals embedded in thermal SiO2 on top of a Si substrate are investigated using Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. We observe that the Raman peak frequency of the Ge nanocrystals is strongly affected by compressive stress. In the case of large particles for which the phonon confinement-i…
Large quantities of very thin and wide single-crystal alpha silicon nitride (α-Si3N4) nanobelts were synthesized by a vapor-solid thermal reaction between ammonia and silicon monoxide (SiO) without using any added catalyst. Scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spec…