Materials Literature
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Thermoelectric generators with combustion heat sources are being developed for the US Army, TACOM-ARDEC, by Hi-Z Technology, Inc., for battery replacement in the field and for powering lightweight portable battery chargers. These small generators range in output power from 0.3 Watts to 20 Watts. The main thrust of the…
We analyse the relaxational dynamics of a system close to a saddle of the potential energy function, within an harmonic approximation. Our main aim is to relate the topological properties of the saddle, as encoded in its spectrum, to the dynamical behaviour of the system. In the context of the potential energy landsca…
A novel stable organic radical, 2-(5-azaindol-2-yl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-4,5-dihydro-1 H -imidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide ( 3 ), forms a two-dimensional brick-wall architecture based on hydrogen bonding and π-stacking. Low-temperature magnetization curves revealed an S-shaped dependence on the applied field below ca. 3.0 K,…
Successive structural phase transitions with ferroelectricity were found in TlCoCl 3 through dielectric constant measurements and D – E hysteresis loop observations. The sequence of the transitions is identical with that in RbMnBr 3 and TlFeCl 3 , which undergo successive transitions from the prototype crystal structu…
We present measurements of the wavelength-dependent reflectivity of a subwavelength metal hole array on a glass substrate. We compare the observed resonant structures with those found in transmission and note a nonreciprocity under illumination from the air versus the glass side. This can be used to verify on which in…
Magnetoabsorption spectra of a layered compound GaSe have been measured both for the Faraday and for the Voigt configurations with magnetic fields up to 150 T. Interband transitions between the Landau subbands have been clearly observed for the Faraday configuration. The exciton exhibited a diamagnetic shift, from whi…
This paper describes the comparison of operating point control methods such as maximum power point tracking control (MPPT) and a constant voltage control applied to the thermoelectric devices. To experimentally evaluate the power control methods, a one-chip micro controller controlled DC-DC converter was inserted betw…
It is well known that power generation efficiency improves when materials with appropriate properties are combined either in a cascaded or segmented fashion across a temperature gradient. Past methods for determining materials used in segmentation were mainly concerned with materials that have the highest figure of me…
A dopant-induced anomalous increase in the helical pitch of dicholesteryl 10,12-docosadiynedioate 1 is explained by generation of smectic clusters in the cholesteric phase where the dopants act as promoters of smectic domains. The dopants, having a mesogenic core and the proper length of alkyl chains on both their mol…
For pt. I see ibid., p.381-6, 2002. Part II of this two-part paper leverages off the findings in Part I describing the mathematical basis and system modeling approach used in thermoelectric power generation (TEPG) investigations for waste heat recovery in light-duty passenger (LDP) and heavy-duty (HD) vehicles. The TE…
Dielectric relaxation of ethanol and 1-propanol have been measured in a wide fluid phase including the supercritical condition for the first time. The results of the static permittivity ε(0) and the dielectric relaxation time τD are presented in the temperature and pressure range up to 670 K and 30 MPa. Kirkwood’s g-f…
Abstract Resorbable poly(ester anhydride) networks based on ε‐caprolactone, L ‐lactide, and D,L ‐lactide oligomers were synthesized. The ring‐opening polymerization of the monomers yielded hydroxyl telechelic oligomers, which were end‐functionalized with succinic anhydride and reacted with methacrylic anhydride to yie…
Using tapping mode atomic force microscopy, we studied the influence of molar mass (13.9−183 kg/mol) on the lamellar orientation at the surface of thin films of symmetric polystyrene−polybutadiene diblock copolymers prepared via spin-coating and by slow solvent-casting. The ratio between film thickness and lamellar th…
Efficient outcoupling of surface-plasma waves to radiation modes by use of dielectric diffraction gratings on a flat metallic surface is discussed. The dielectric gratings, which have a surface-relief structure with only several tens of nanometers in peak-to-trough height on a flat metal surface, can efficiently extra…
Ein dreifach verbrücktes Porphyrindimer, das mit zwei [60]Fulleren-Einheiten konjugiert ist, kann bis zu fünfzehn Elektronen reversibel aufnehmen. In seinen photophysikalischen Eigenschaften unterscheidet es sich grundlegend von den bislang bekannten Porphyrin-Fulleren-Konjugaten: Photochemische Anregung der C60-Einhe…
Electronic states are calculated in boron carbonitride (BCN) alloy nanotubes with a simple tight-binding model. Random replacement of carbon atoms with boron and nitrogen (B–N) ones in metallic carbon nanotubes mainly causes level broadening and the nanotubes remain metallic. On the other hand, the energy gap of boron…
The influence of stirrer material and agitation rate on the nucleation of batch crystallized l -glutamic acid from supersaturated aqueous solutions using temperature programmed cooling is investigated. Results obtained at the 450 mL scale size using a retreat curve impeller together with a single baffle reveal that st…
We discuss the 'memory effect' discovered in the 1960s by Kovacs in temperature shift experiments on glassy polymers, where the volume (or energy) displays a non-monotonic time behaviour. This effect is generic and is observed in a variety of different glassy systems (including granular materials). The aim of this pap…
A suggested application of a thermoelectric generator is to exploit the natural temperature difference between the air and the soil to generate small amounts of electrical energy. Since the conversion efficiency of even the best thermoelectric generators available is very low, the performance of the heat sinks providi…
The influence of the dipole interaction on the magnetic anisotropy of Gd compounds is investigated. Available data on ferromagnets and antiferromagnets with different crystal structures are discussed and complemented by new neutron scattering experiments on ${\mathrm{GdCu}}_{2}\mathrm{In},$ ${\mathrm{GdAu}}_{2}{\mathr…