Materials Literature
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The reaction between CH 4 and O 2 (1:5) was studied by in situ XPS during heating and cooling in a 0.33 mbar reaction mixture. During heating, the reaction rate exhibited an activity maximum at 650 K, whereas no activity maximum was found during the subsequent cooling ramp. This kinetic hysteresis was assigned to the…
We report herein on a rigorous analysis of unique electrolyte solutions for novel rechargeable magnesium batteries and nonaqueous magnesium electrochemistry, which contain organometallic complex electrolyte species, by Raman spectroscopy. These solutions comprise ethereal solvents and products of reactions between R 2…
The fabrication of Pt-coated, vertically aligned, nanoporous gold-nanorod arrays (see figure, left panel) that display electrocatalytically active large surface areas is described. Epitaxial platinum coatings only 1–2 monolayers thick are prepared by the spontaneous replacement of an electrochemically deposited copper…
A cleavable trityl ether juncture is introduced between polystyrene (PS) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), and thus highly ordered nanoporous thin films have been prepared from self-assembled PS-b-PEO diblock copolymers, via the removal of PEO from solvent-annealed PS-b-PEO thin films in a simple two or one-step process…
The structure and dielectric properties of a new family of tetragonal tungsten bronze (TTB) ceramics with the general formula, Ba2MTi2Nb3O15 where M=Bi3+,La3+,Nd3+,Sm3+,Gd3+, have been investigated. Hereafter the compositions will be referred to by the abbreviation BMTNO15 where M=B(Bi3+), L(La3+), N(Nd3+), S(Sm3+) or…
To explore the resonance mechanism of nanocrystalline FeCoNi flake composites, characterization of the flakes was investigated. The structural and magnetic properties of flakes manifestly tailored the features of microwave permeability spectrum of flake composites, relating to the physical effects of nanograins. The e…
The use of special concentrically braced frames has increased since the 1994 Northridge and 1995 Hyogoken–Nanbu Earthquakes. However, past performance suggests limited ductility and energy dissipation in braced frame systems due to buckling of conventional braces. In order to address this limitation, three- and six-st…
In this paper the description of the dielectric and ferroelectric properties of BaTiO3 single crystals using the Landau phenomenological thermodynamic potential was addressed. Our results suggest that when using the sixth-power free energy expansion of the thermodynamic potential, remarkably different values of the fo…
Using pulsed laser ablation with arsenic over pressure, the growth conditions for GaAs nanowires have been systematically investigated and optimized. Arsenic over pressure with As$_2$ molecules was introduced to the system by thermal decomposition of polycrystalline GaAs to control the stoichiometry and shape of the n…
The effect of Ge substitution for Si in SmMMn2Si2-xGex compounds has been studied. The Sm ordering temperature is found to be much larger in the compound with x=2, as compared to the compounds with x=0 and 1. The increase in the intra layer Mn-Mn distance is found to be responsible for this increase. Among these three…
We have performed spatially resolved polar magneto-optical Kerr effect microscopy measurements on as-grown and annealed Ga0.95Mn0.05As thin films with tensile strain. We find that the films exhibit very strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy which is increased upon annealing. During magnetic reversal, the domain wal…
Silicon nanoparticles synthesized in the gas phase are studied. From time-resolved photoluminescence measurements we determine, quantitatively, the size-dependence of the oscillator strength of the nanoparticles. We investigate experimentally the absorption and photoluminescence emission of nanoparticle ensembles with…
The exchange bias (EB) effect was discovered 60 years ago by Meiklejohn and Bean. Meanwhile the EB effect has become an integral part of modern magnetism with implications for basic research and for numerous device applications. The EB effect was the first of its kind which relates to an interface effect between two d…
Inelastic effects in the Coulomb blockade and Kondo regimes of electron transport through molecular junctions are considered within a simple nonequilibrium equation-of-motion (EOM) approach. The scheme is self-consistent, and can qualitatively reproduce the main experimental observations of vibrational features in Cou…
The structural and electronic properties of the carbonyl sulfide dimer anion are calculated using density functional theory within a pseudopotential method. Three geometries are optimized and investigated: C2v and C2 symmetric, as well as one asymmetric structure. A distribution of an excess charge in three isomers ar…
The anchoring energy and cell gap effects on liquid crystal response time (τ0) is analyzed theoretically and validated experimentally. Analytical expressions are derived using two different approaches: effective cell gap and surface dynamic equation methods. Consistent results are deduced from these two approaches. A…
The application of a large-area (41 × 41 cm, 2048 × 2048 or 1024 × 1024 pixel) high-sensitivity (detective quantum efficiency > 65%) fast-readout (up to 7.5 or 30 Hz) flat-panel detector based on an amorphous silicon array system to the collection of high-energy X-ray scattering data for quantitative pair distribut…
An effective in situ field-emission measurement system, in which the distance between the emitting source and counter electrode can be accurately measured and finely controlled by setting up a second stage inside a scanning electron microscopy chamber, is developed. It is found that nanowires with a density between 60…
Localized surface plasmons (LSPs) of metallic nanoparticles decay either radiatively or via an electron-hole pair cascade. In this work, the authors have experimentally and theoretically explored the branching ratio of the radiative and nonradiative LSP decay channels for nanodisks of Ag, Au, Pt, and Pd, with diameter…
Experimental characterization and finite-element numerical simulations of the electromagnetic interaction between Au nanoparticles positioned atop a Si pn junction photodiode and incident electromagnetic plane waves have been performed as a function of wavelength. The presence of the Au nanoparticles is found to lead…