Materials Literature
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B–C–N hybrid thin films were grown from ion beam plasma of borazine (B3N3H6) on graphite substrate at room temperature, 600 °C, and 850 °C. The films were characterized in situ by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XPS study suggested that B and N atoms in the deposited films are in a wide variety of chemical bon…
Fluorescence spectra and decay properties of the G5∕24 level of the Sm3+ ions have been measured in two glass systems of lithium borate and lithium fluoroborate glasses as a function of pressure up to 27.2 and 25.9 GPa, respectively, at room temperature. With an increase in pressure continuous redshifts of the G5∕24→H…
The adsorption and reaction of CO and CO(2) on oxidized and reduced SrTiO(3)(100) surfaces have been studied with temperature programmed desorption (TPD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XPS results indicate that the oxidized SrTiO(3)(100) surfaces are nearly defect-free with predominantly Ti(4+) ions where…
Electronic structures of LaFe1−xNixO3 (x⩽0.6) have been studied by x-ray absorption near edge structure spectra of OK, FeL2,3 and LaM4,5 edges. Upon substitution of Ni at Fe site in LaFeO3, the OK-edge spectra show a feature about 2.0eV lower than that of LaFeO3. This feature is growing as the concentration of Ni is i…
Die Kristallisation des thermodynamisch metastabilen β-Glycins wird mit dem Kristallwachstum an den entgegengesetzten Kristallpolen erklärt (siehe Bild). Des Weiteren werden die Strukturen der wesentlichen Oberflächen der drei möglichen Polymorphe und ihre Wechselwirkungen mit Lösungsmittelmolekülen diskutiert.
This review discusses the diffraction patterns of x-rays or electrons scattered by fibres of helical biological molecules and by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) from the unified point of view of the Fourier–Bessel transform of an atomic helix. This paper is intended for scientists who are not professional crystallographers. X…
Abstract Summary: We describe an interesting approach to the fabrication of wettability gradients from hydrophobicity to superhydrophobicity in low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) films by first forming high porosity surfaces and placing the specimens onto linear temperature gradients. While the polymer chosen for the stu…
Surface hydrophobicity of composite films containing polymer and nanoparticles has been studied as a function of composition. We show that the hydrophobicity can be tuned by adjusting the amount of particles in the two-component system. A sharp transition from a polymer-rich surface to a nanoparticles-rich surface was…
Uniformly carbon-covered alumina (CCA) was prepared via the carbonization of sucrose highly dispersed on the alumina surface. The CCA samples were characterized by XRD, XPS, DTA-TG, UV Raman, nitrogen adsorption experiments at 77 K, and rhodamine B (RB) adsorption in aqueous media. UV Raman spectra indicated that the…
Conventional lenses are subject to the diffraction limit, which means that they cannot resolve objects placed closer together than one-half of the wavelength of the illuminating light. As Smith explains in his Perspective, this limit occurs because conventional optical components leave behind the electromagnetic near-…
Hydrogen bonding and π–π interactions are the driving forces for the self-assembly of a diamide organogelator into nanotubes in organic solution. Freeze-fracture electron microscopy (see image) and small angle neutron scattering studies show the tubes have a diameter of (24.2±0.3) nm with a wall thickness of (3.3±0.4)…
Abstract Summary: The polymerization of ε ‐caprolactone (CL) in the presence of HCl · Et 2 O by an activated monomer mechanism was performed to synthesize diblock or triblock copolymers composed of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and poly( ε ‐caprolactone) (PCL). The obtained PCLs had molecular weights close to the theore…
Die Thermolyse von Benzoylacetonat-Komplexen erwies sich als erfolgreiche Methode zur Synthese von Seltenerdmetalloxid-Nanokristallen. CeO2-Nanopolyeder, Eu2O3-Nanoscheiben und Pr2O3-Nanoplättchen bilden geordnete 2D-Strukturen auf Kupfernetzen (siehe Bild); bei den beiden zuerst genannten Materialien führen Modifikat…
Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of a variety of polyoxometalates of different shapes, sizes, and charges were prepared by taking advantage of the adsorption properties of these polyanions on a positively charged monolayer of an organic surfactant spread on water. Three different aspects were investigated. 1)…
Abstract Summary: This communication describes a novel kind of PMMA‐PEG semi‐interpenetrating network (semi‐IPN) which shows excellent shape‐memory behavior at two transition temperatures, the T m of the PEG crystal and the T g of the semi‐IPN. Based on a reversible order‐disorder transition of the crystals below and…
Monodispersed spherical core-shell colloids of Se@Ag(2)Se have been exploited as a chemical template to synthesize Se@CdSe core-shell particles using a cation-exchange reaction. A small amount of tributylphosphine could facilitate the replacement of Ag(+) by Cd(2+) in methanol at 50 degrees C to complete the conversio…
Nanocrystalline silicon carbide films were deposited by thermal plasma chemical vapor deposition, with film growth rates on the order of 10μm∕min. Films were deposited on molybdenum substrates, with substrate temperature ranging from 750-1250 °C. The films are composed primarily of β-SiC nanocrystallites. Film mechani…
We investigate the element- and size-dependent electron stability of ${\mathrm{Au}}_{n}{M}^{+}$ clusters ($M=\mathrm{Sc}$, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Au; $n\ensuremath{\leqslant}9$) by means of first-principles density functional calculations. The interplay between the cluster atomic arrangements and their electronic and magn…
Full of air: Electrostatic layer-by-layer assembly of polyelectrolyte multilayers was successfully accomplished on the surface of an air microbubble (core). The resulting polyelectrolyte shell stabilizes the air microbubbles against collapse and prevents the dissolution of air in aqueous media. Air-containing polyally…
Cooperation of mother and daughter vesicles, which are self-assembled from an ill-defined hyperbranched copolymer, leads to fission of the daughter membrane in a cytomimetic process (see picture; red: mother vesicle, green: daughter vesicle). This is the first example of giant polymer vesicles (5–200 μm) being used as…