Materials Literature
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The phonon-dispersion relations for cubic ${\text{NaNbO}}_{3}$ have been determined along the [100], [110], and [111] directions using inelastic neutron scattering. A simultaneous softening of transverse acoustic (TA) phonon modes occurs at the zone-boundary $M(0.5,0.5,0)$ and $R(0.5,0.5,0.5)$ points, indicating the i…
Calcite growth experiments using atomic force microscopy (AFM) were conducted at two constant values of supersaturation (Ω 1 = 5.248 and Ω 2 = 6.457) while varying the Ca 2+ to CO 3 2− concentration ratio. The calcite growth rate and the morphology of growth depend on the solution stoichiometry. At a constant degree o…
High-resolution resonant inelastic x-ray scattering has been used to determine the momentum dependence of orbital excitations in Mott-insulating LaTiO(3) and YTiO(3) over a wide range of the Brillouin zone. The data are compared to calculations in the framework of lattice-driven and superexchange-driven orbital orderi…
Rare-earth niobate and tantalate (RE-Nb/Ta) materials are of considerable interest in environmental and energy-related applications that include phosphors for solid-state lighting, photocatalysts for both contaminant degeneration and H 2 generation, chemically robust hosts for nuclear materials and wastes, and ion con…
We study the global phase diagram of magnetic orders and lattice structure in the Fe-pnictide materials at zero temperature within one unified theory tuned by both electron doping and pressure. On the low doping and high-pressure side of the phase diagram, there is one single transition, which is described by a $z=2$…
We report Raman scattering measurements on iron-pnictide superconductor $\text{Ba}{({\text{Fe}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\text{Co}}_{x})}_{2}{\text{As}}_{2}$ single crystals with varying cobalt $x$ content. Upon cooling through the tetragonal-to-orthorhombic transition, we observe a large splitting of the ${E}_{g}$ in-plane…
We report herein for the first time how a co-electrospinning technique can be used to overcome the issue of orienting cellulose nanocrystals within a neat cellulose matrix. A home-built co-electrospinning apparatus was fabricated that was comprised of a high-voltage power supply, two concentric capillary needles, and…
Zinc, silicon, and steel superhydrophobic surfaces were prepared by a simple solution-immersion technique. In the case of zinc, the method consists of dipping of the substrate in a prehydrolyzed methanol solution of 1H,1H,2H,2H-(perfluorooctyl)trichlorosilane [CF(3)(CF(2))(5)(CH(2))(2)SiCl(3), PFTS] for 24 h at 50 deg…
We have elucidated the synergetic role played by molybdenum in iron-catalyzed chemical vapor deposition growth of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by in situ environmental transmission electron microscopy. Molybdenum can be well accommodated by Fe-based carbide nanoparticle catalysts of M(23)C(6)-type structure (M = Fe and Mo)…
The various silks that make up the web of the orb web spiders have been studied extensively. However, success in prey capture depends as much on the web glue as on the fibers. Spider silk glue, which is considered one of the strongest and most effective biological glues, is an aqueous solution secreted from the orb we…
We study the magnetic-field influence on the martensitic transformation temperatures and the accompanying anomaly in the resistivity by extensive measurements of the temperature dependencies of resistivity of several Ni-Mn-Ga and Ni-Fe-Ga alloys. A low-field minimum of the martensitic transformation temperature versus…
The collagens represent a large family of molecular proteins which are located in the extracellular matrix. They all share a triple-helical segment of variable length (100-450 nm) but differ considerably in the size and nature of their globular domains. The various collagen types I-XIX known so far in vertebrates are…
The title question is motivated by the fact that extremely small thiolated-gold clusters such as Au 20 (SR) 16 have been isolated, but their undetermined structures cannot be fully rationalized by the present knowledge derived from single-crystal structures of larger clusters. One needs to go beyond the linear monomer…
We present a new method based on wet etching for the production of high quality, single-crystal Ag nanospheres. By rapidly mixing a suspension of uniform Ag nanocubes with a small amount of ferric nitrate or ferricyanide-based etching solution, we could either truncate the sharp corners and edges to form rounded nanoc…
The losses in European Union distribution transformers are estimated at about 33 TW ·h/year, whereas reactive power and harmonic losses add a further 5 TW ·h/year. The reduction of distribution transformer no-load loss is particularly important as the ratio of no-load to load losses is nearly three. In this paper, the…
We report on the micro-photoluminescence spectroscopy of InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QD) doped by a single Mn atom in a magnetic field either longitudinal or perpendicular to the optical axis. In both cases the spectral features of positive trion (X+) are found to split into strongly circularly polarized components, an ef…
We measure charge transport in hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) using a nanometer scale silicon MOSFET as a charge sensor. This charge detection technique makes possible the measurement of extremely large resistances. At high temperatures, where the a-Si:H resistance is not too large, the charge detection measu…
Recent experiments have demonstrated that plastic strains in nanocrystalline aluminum and gold films with grain sizes on the order of 50 nm are partially recoverable. To reveal the mechanisms behind such strain recovery, we perform large scale molecular dynamics simulations of plastic deformation in nanocrystalline al…
We investigate the dependence of the electrical resistivity of $\sim 60 $nm thick single crystalline graphite samples on the defect concentration produced by proton irradiation at very low fluences. We show that the resistivity decreases few percent at room temperature after inducing defects at concentrations as low a…
We discuss the usefulness of Born-Oppenheimer potential surfaces for nuclear dynamics for molecules strongly coupled to metal surfaces. A simple model demonstrating the construction of such surface for a molecular junction is discussed.