Materials Literature
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Abstract Continous filament nonwovens are fabrics produced by the direct lay processes, wherein webs are made directly from fibers as they are being spun from molten plastics. These processes eliminate intermediate steps in the production of fabrics, and they provide opportunities for increasing production and cost re…
Tungsten oxide (WO3) thin films were deposited by spray pyrolysis of an ammonium tungsten oxide solution. The effect of postannealing on the structural, transport and optical properties of the films has been studied. Under steady-state illumination, slow photoconductivity growth and relaxation transients were observed…
Sugar-appended azonaphthol derivatives 1 possessing an aromatic hydroxyl group and 2 possessing the n -butanoyloxy group were synthesized and proved to be capable of gelating water/ethanol mixtures. Gels formed by gelator 1 displayed different morphologies depending on the gelator concentration. The aqueous gel formed…
The addition of silicon to hydrogenated amorphous carbon can have the advantageous effect of lowering the compressive stress, improving the thermal stability of its hydrogen, and maintaining a low friction coefficient up to high humidity. Most experiments to date have been on hydrogenated amorphous carbon–silicon allo…
During film growth by a variety of techniques, intrinsic tensile stresses can be created by the coalescence of neighboring islands. Experimental results with diamond films produced by chemical vapor deposition are compared with a relatively simple model to demonstrate that a realistic interpretation of these coalescen…
Indium oxide (InOx) films with a thickness of 10–1100 nm were deposited onto Corning 7059 glass and silica substrates at various substrate temperatures. An unusual decrease of the lateral grain size with increasing substrate temperature during deposition was found. The changes in the conductivity of the films after ex…
N 2 O decomposition catalyzed by oxidized Fe clusters localized in the micropores of Fe/ZSM-5 has been studied using the DFT approach and a binuclear cluster model of the active site. Three different reaction routes were found, depending on temperature and water pressure. The results show that below 200 °C the binucle…
Using numerical simulation techniques, the transmission and reflection coefficients, or S parameters, for left-handed metamaterials are calculated. Metamaterials consist of a lattice of conducting, nonmagnetic elements that can be described by an effective magnetic permeability μeff and an effective electrical permitt…
A novel core-shell gold colloid-silk fibroin (SF) bioconjugate was prepared by the protein in situ redox technique at room temperature, in which the tyrosine (Tyr) residue of the SF, having strong electron donating properties, in situ reduced Au(III) ions to Au colloids showing a stable and highly monodispersed nature.
The performance of the complete active space second-order perturbation theory (CASPT2) to accurately predict magnetic coupling in a wide series of molecules and solid state compounds has been established. It is shown that CASPT2, based on a reference wave function that only includes the effects described by the Anders…
This article reports a systematic study of doping effects on the crystal structure, microstructure, dielectric, and electrical properties of layer-structured strontium bismuth niobate, SrBi2Nb2O9 (SBN), ferroelectrics. Substitution in both the A site (Sr2+ by Ca2+ and Ba2+) and B site (Nb5+ by V5+) up to 30 at % were…
An overview is presented of the various phases predicted to occur when gases are absorbed within a bundle of carbon nanotubes. The behavior may be characterized by an effective dimensionality, which depends on the species and the temperature. Small molecules are strongly attracted to the interstitial channels between…
Four macromolecular contrast agents are synthesized to visualize small vessels by MRI using generation-3 (G3D), -4 (G4D), -5 (G5D), and -6 (G6D) polyamidoamine dendrimers conjugated to chelated gadolinium (Gd). The pharmacokinetics, enhancement patterns, and the ability of these constructs to visualize fine vessels is…
A comparative study of the magnetic remanence exhibited by tridimensional Josephson junction arrays in response to an excitation with an AC magnetic field is presented. The observed temperature behavior of the remanence curves for disordered arrays fabricated from three different materials (Nb, YBa_2Cu_3O_7 and La_{1.…
Quantization in the inversion layer and phase coherent transport are anticipated to have significant impact on device performance in 'ballistic' nanoscale transistors. While the role of some quantum effects have been analyzed qualitatively using simple one dimensional ballistic models, two dimensional (2D) quantum mec…
Orbital degree of freedom of electrons and its interplay with spin, charge and lattice degrees of freedom are one of the central issues in colossal magnetoresistive manganites. The orbital degree of freedom has until recently remained hidden, since it does not couple directly to most of experimental probes. Developmen…
We propose a novel type of ionization front in layered semiconductor structures. The propagation is due to the interplay of band-to-band tunneling and impact ionization. Our numerical simulations show that the front can be triggered when an extremely sharp voltage ramp ($\sim 10 {\rm kV/ns}$) is applied in reverse dir…
Abstract With increasing awareness of environmental concerns, various chemical finishes for processing of textiles have been discussed. In this paper major changes which have occured to satisfy the consumer's demand in terms of comfort, easy care, health, and hygiene are reviewed. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl…
We describe a Monte Carlo scheme for simulating polydisperse fluids within the grand canonical ensemble. Given some polydisperse attribute $σ$, the state of the system is described by a density distribution $ρ(σ)$ whose form is controlled by the imposed chemical potential distribution $μ(σ)$. We detail how histogram e…
We study thermopower in strongly correlated electron systems with orbital degeneracy using numerical diagonalization method on finite-size clusters. It is shown that the thermopower is strongly enhanced by the spin and orbital degrees of freedom, but the resistivity is significantly less affected. A key for the strate…