Materials Literature
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P-type PtSi/porous Si Schottky detectors exhibit efficiencies as large as 60% in 2 to 7 /spl mu/m spectral range. Such efficiencies are larger than theoretical limit for regular PtSi detectors, as predicted by the modified Fowler theory. In the porous detectors a thin PtSi layer covers the walls of the pores creating…
This work provides a crystal-chemical description of the trioctahedral sheet in 1M mica polytypes of C2/m symmetry. Some octahedral parameters were found to be related strictly to octahedral chemical composition, whereas others were related to the overall layer chemistry. As a general rule, the M1 site is more affecte…
Sum-frequency vibrational spectroscopy was employed to study surface glass transition of poly(vinyl alcohol) by monitoring the relaxation of rubbing-induced alignment of surface chains with increase of temperature. The observed chain relaxation is two-dimensional, parallel to the surface. The surface transition temper…
The surface and subsurface layers of cast iron articles upon electrolyte-plasma treatment (EPT) were studied for the first time by a combination of methods, including Rutherford backscattering, elastic recoil detection analysis, X-ray diffraction, optical metallography, and microhardness measurements. It was found tha…
As part of an ongoing research program on the effects of laundering on plain woven cotton fabrics, specimens of poplin and sheeting fabrics with and without a DMDHEU wrinkle resistant finish are laundered under regimes designed to evaluate the effect of five common home laundering variables: use of detergent, rinse cy…
Working insulators begin failing as airborne contaminants and moisture from natural wetting combine on insulator surfaces to cause a drop in surface resistivity. This enables current to conduct across the insulators, thereby changing the electrical activity exhibited by the insulators when clean. If the drop in surfac…
A brief account of transformations of internal structure of hydrogen bonds, and transformations involving the breaking and formation of hydrogen bonds is highlighted for a selected group of crystals. The main stress is laid on the short bistable –OH…O= hydrogen bonds, illustrating several general properties, often blu…
Abstract Long‐term monitoring (for 8000 exposure hours) of titanium and its implant alloys (Ti‐5Al‐4V, Ti‐6Al‐4Fe) interactions with Ringer's solutions of different pH‐values (2.5, 4.35, 6.98), simulating various conditions that can appear at the contact between implant and tissues was carried out in this paper. All d…
RAW 264.7 macrophages express nonmuscle myosin heavy chain II-A as the only significant nonmuscle myosin heavy chain isoform, with expression of nonmuscle myosin heavy chain II-B and II-C low or absent. Treatment of the cells with sodium butyrate, an inhibitor of histone deacetylase, led to the dose-dependent inductio…
Abstract The reaction of [Ru2II,III(O2CCMe3)4]BF4 with nitronyl nitroxide radicals (2,4,4,5,5-pentamethyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-oxyl-3-N-oxide (nitme) and 2-ethyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-oxyl-3-N-oxide (nitet)) in CH2Cl2/hexane gave dimer and chain complexes [Ru2(O2CCMe3)4(L)2]BF4 and [{Ru2(O…
Abstract Clay minerals appear to change significantly under the influence of pasture development on poldered sediments in the Baie d'Authie area (Somme, France). Cores 40–90 cm deep from recent salt marsh sediments and poldered sediments developing grass pastures since 1737, 1575 and 1158 indicate that the natural min…
An electronic error compensator is proposed for instrument current transformers. It is specially intended for transformers used in high voltage networks at power frequency. In these transformers, the magnetizing current is the main cause of errors. The proposed system compensates this current, reducing the ratio and p…
We report surprising findings of spontaneous cross-linking of small-diameter zigzag single-walled carbon nanotubes, with no applied external pressure, using ab initio density functional theory. Sunstantial differences in the cross-linking reactivity of zigzag and armchair single-walled carbon nanotubes are revealed by…
Abstract The recycling of vulcanizates based on EPDM roofing membrane rubber using a new ultrasonic devulcanization reactor with a grooved barrel was carried out. This reactor provided continuous devulcanization at an output as high as 2.52 g/s. Die pressure and ultrasonic power consumption were measured as a function…
We describe recent developments in the fabrication of an atom-optical mirror for focusing thermal helium atoms. A bent silicon crystal is, in principle, capable of high intensity, low aberration helium reflection; manipulation of the mirror's macrostructure minimizes optical aberrations in the device whilst chemical c…
Two new series of ferroelectric liquid crystals with a keto group attached to the molecular core and a lactate unit as a chiral centre were synthesized and studied. All the compounds exhibit the paraelectric SmA phase and the ferroelectric SmC* phase over very wide temperature ranges and down to room temperature. The…
Kenaf is an important bast fiber because it is biodegradable and has other ecofriendly characteristics. In this study, chelators, including ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) and citric acid (CA); surfactants, including phosphate ester (Silvatol), alkylaxylsulfonates (Conco), cationic quaternary amine (Atlas), a…
Abstract Polyolefinic microcomposites and layered silicate nanocomposites were prepared by the in‐situ polymerization of ethylene (and α‐olefin) via the so‐called polymerization‐filling technique. Various fillers with either basic, acidic, metallic or carbonaceous surface, as well as non‐modified clays such as montmor…
The dielectric susceptibility of the molecular liquid sorbitol below its calorimetric glass transition displays memory strikingly similar to that of a variety of glassy materials. During a temporary stop in cooling, the susceptibility changes with time, and upon reheating the susceptibility retraces these changes. To…
The insulator to metal transition (IMT) induced by the application of an electric field in doped manganites is investigated theoretically. Starting from the double-exchange mechanism with the long-range Coulomb interaction included, we find that the electric field may suppress the charge ordering and drive the system…