Materials Literature
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The synthesis, electronic structure, and oxidation-reduction chemistry of a homologous series of Zn(II) porphyrinogens are presented. The fully reduced member of the series, [LZn](2-), was prepared in two steps from pyrrole and acetone. The compound undergoes consecutive two-electron, ligand-based, oxidations at +0.21…
We report Hall effect measurements on thin films of cobalt-doped ${\mathrm{TiO}}_{2\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\delta}}.$ Films with a low carrier concentration ${(10}^{18}--{10}^{19}/{\mathrm{cm}}^{3})$ yield a linear behavior in the Hall data while those having a higher carrier concentration ${(10}^{21}--{10}^{22}/{\m…
Scanning and transmission electron microscopy were used to image hundreds of single-wall carbon nanotube probes and to correlate probe morphology with AFM image resolution. Several methods for fabricating such probes were evaluated, resulting in a procedure that produces image-quality single-wall nanotube probes at a…
Abstract Acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR)‐based composites were prepared by incorporating short nylon fibers of different lengths and concentration into the matrix using a two‐roll mixing mill according to a base formulation. The curing characteristics of the samples were studied. The influence of fiber length, lo…
Abstract A pyromellitic dianhydride (benzene‐1,2,4,5‐tetracarboxylic dianhydride) was reacted with L ‐isoleucine in acetic acid, and the resulting imide acid [ N,N ′‐(pyromellitoyl)‐bis‐ L ‐isoleucine] (4) was obtained in a high yield. 4 was converted into N,N ′‐(pyromellitoyl)‐bis‐ L ‐isoleucine diacid chloride by a…
We extend a previous dual scale modeling approach for the behavior of polymers near a metal surface to a variety of end groups. Our approach combines a coarse-grained polymer model with ab initio DFT calculations. Such a procedure was applied to a melt of phenolic-like terminated Bisphenol A-polycarbonate (BPA-PC) int…
The band gaps of ${\mathrm{HfS}}_{2}$ (1.96 eV) and ${\mathrm{HfSe}}_{2}$ (1.13 eV) cover the range of ideal band gaps for photovoltaic applications which is for a single-junction cell about 1.45 eV and for a two-junction cell about 1.1 eV and 1.8 eV. Additionally, in favor of applications the transition-metal dichalc…
Abstract A study on poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) reinforced with tetraethoxysilanes (TEOS) derived SiO 2 is described. It included the manufacturing process of SiO 2 ‐reinforced PTFE and the effects of silylation agent on the properties of the hybrid material, such as porosity, hydrophobic, thermal resistance, die…
Here we consider the relation between the excess wing and the slow beta relaxation, focusing on the degree of the coupling between cooperative rotational motion associated with creation and annihilation of metastable islands (alpha mode) and local rotational jump motion in a cage (slow beta mode). For a strongly coupl…
Abstract Two monomers, ethylenediamine (EDA) and diaminocyclohexane (DACH), were plasma‐polymerized in continuous‐wave (CW) and pulse modes. The influence of different plasma parameters on the deposition rate and film composition were investigated in detail and the changes in aminofunctionalization with varying pulse…
Solute-induced quenching of sonoluminescence (SL) is reported for aqueous solutions of two homologous series of methyl esters and ketones using low (20 kHz) and high (515 kHz) ultrasound frequencies. SL data at 20 kHz from aqueous solutions containing alcohols and carboxylic acids are also presented to compare with pr…
We present measurements on simple foam structures flowing through a narrow channel. Driving pressure and bubble velocity are found to be related by a power law with exponent 2/3, thus extending this relationship from single bubble trains (see Bretherton F. P., J. Fluid Mech. 10 (1961) 166) to more complicated foam str…
AC electric field alignment (see Figure) offers a route to composite films with unusual physical properties, in numerous geometries and applicable to a wide range of organically modified layered silicates. Exchangeable organic cations on the aluminosilicate surface are suspected to cause the induced dipole. Orientatio…
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles were produced by the controlled hydrolysis of titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) in the presence of reverse micelles formed in CO2 with the surfactants ammonium carboxylate perfluoropolyether (PFPECOO-+NH4) (Mw = 587) and poly(dimethyl amino ethyl methacrylate-block-1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluoroo…
The surfactant-free synthesis of vinyl polymer-silica nanocomposite particles has been achieved in aqueous alcoholic media at ambient temperature in the absence of auxiliary comonomers. Styrene, methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, and 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate were homopolymerized in turn in the…
The influence of polyanilines (PANIs) as hole conductors on the photovoltaic behaviors of dye-sensitized solar cells is studied. The current-voltage (I-V) characteristics and the incident photon to current conversion efficiency (IPCE) curves of the devices are determined as the function of different conductivities and…
Abstract Thermoplastic olefin (TPO)/clay nanocomposites were made with clay loadings of 0.6–6.7 wt %. The morphology of these TPO/clay nanocomposites was investigated with atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X‐ray diffraction. The ethylene–propylene rubber (EPR) particle morphology in…
Because of a large difference in storage modulus below and above the glass transition temperature, poly(acrylic acid- co -methyl methacrylate)/poly(ethylene glycol) (P(AA- co -MMA)/PEG) complexes show shape memory properties with a recovery ratio of nearly reach 99%. Before the shape memory testing, it was necessary t…
Using a simple low‐temperature chemical‐solution method , multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) coated with crystalline multi‐walled europium oxide nanotubes have been successfully synthesized (see Figure). The studies conducted show that such MWCNTs provide an opportunity for synthesising various rare earth oxide na…
We report on the synthesis of single-walled carbon nanohorns (SWNHs) by arc discharge between two graphite electrodes submerged in liquid nitrogen. The product in its powder form was found to consist of spherical aggregates with sizes in the range of 50–100 nm. The nanohorns are characterized by transmission electron…