Materials Literature
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Electrostatic force microscopy and scanning surface potential microscopy are applied to study force gradient and surface potential on ${\mathrm{BaTiO}}_{3}(100)$ surface. Surface potential evolution during a ferroelectric/paraelectric phase transition and the potential distribution near moving domain walls allow the r…
The degree of ionic/covalent character in oxides has a great influence on the electronic structure and the material's properties. A simple phenomenological rule is currently used to predict the evolution of covalence/ionicity in mixed oxides compared to the parent ones, and is also widely used to interpret the x-ray p…
The peak near 1150 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ in the visible Raman spectra of poor quality chemical-vapor-deposited diamond is often used as the signature of nanocrystalline diamond. We argue that this peak should not be assigned to nanocrystalline diamond or other ${\mathrm{sp}}^{3}$-bonded phases. It…
The “anomalous” nonmonotonic temperature dependence of coercivity, reported in Sm–Zr–Co–Cu magnets, has also been observed in bulk-hardened Y–Zr–Co–Fe–Cu alloys with a similar microstructure. The phenomenon appears to be universal for all R–Co magnets (R=rare earth) having a microstructure consisting of R2Co17 cells s…
This work focuses on the size and spatial dependence of single-wall carbon nanotubes produced by the pulsed-laser vaporization technique. The study indicates that very long (tens of microns) individual nanotubes form in the vicinity of the target, and subsequently coalesce into bundles. The role of the inner flow tube…
An array of nickel nanowires enveloped in polyaniline nanotubules was prepared by the “second-order-template” method. As the first step, an array of the polyaniline nanotubules was synthesized in the pores of an alumina membrane, then nickel nanowires were fabricated by electrochemical deposition of the nickel into th…
A silicon framework clathrate type-II compound was synthesized with rubidium and sodium atoms in cages. A single crystal of this material was characterized by both conventional and synchrotron x-ray diffraction; the structure belongs to the cubic space group $Fd\ensuremath{-}3m,$ with a cell edge of 14.738(1) \AA{}. T…
Abstract Thermal properties of melt processable polyaniline (PANI) synthesized by doping with functionalised novel sulfonic acid dopants have been investigated. Doping of PANI was carried out by using the dopants derived from an inexpensive naturally existing biomonomer, cardanol: sulfonic acid of 3‐pentadecylphenol,…
The growth of bundles of single-wall carbon nanotubes is explained by assuming a transition state, in which precipitated graphene sheets detach from the surface of a liquid catalyst particle, forming fullerenelike caps. The energetic situation of the transition state is considered as an equilibrium of the kinetic ener…
We report studies of the homogeneous linewidth in CdSe/ZnS core/shell nanocrystals by means of high-resolution spectral hole burning under low excitation levels. The hole burning spectrum reveals a sharp spectral hole as well as clearly resolved acoustic phonon sidebands. Homogeneous linewidths as narrow as 32 μeV wer…
Abstract The specific interactions between several low‐molecular‐weight diamino compounds and poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) have been investigated by FT‐IR. It was found that PCL and 3,3′‐diaminodiphenylmethane (3,3′‐DADPM) interact through strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds in the blend. Thermal and mechanical propert…
We report a dramatic, concentration-dependent decrease in the rate of photo-oxidation of semiconducting polymers due to the addition of small amounts of metal nanoshells to the polymer. In each case, the nanoshell resonances are tuned to the triplet exciton-ground state energy of the polymer. The nanoshell dopants slo…
Abstract The chemical modification of oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) using non‐catalysed reaction with acetic, propionic and succinic anhydrides were investigated. Proof of modification was indicated by the increase of weight and was confirmed by Fourier‐transform infrared analysis (FT‐IR). The mechanical and wate…
We report on epitaxial growth of ZnO films on Si(111) substrates using an epitaxial GaN buffer layer. A rf magnetron sputtering process has been developed and utilized in growing epitaxial GaN buffers on Si, and then ZnO films on the GaN-buffered Si substrates. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that both the ZnO and Ga…
We have studied the Devonshire-Landau potential underlying the phase transition sequence of ${\mathrm{BaTiO}}_{3}$ using the first-principles effective Hamiltonian of Zhong, Vanderbilt, and Rabe [Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 1861 (1994)], which has been very successful in reproducing the phase transitions and the dielectric a…
We present the results of a computer simulation of the atomic structures of large-angle symmetrical tilt grain boundaries (GBs) $Σ5$ (misorientation angles $\q{36.87}{^{\circ}}$ and $\q{53.13}{^{\circ}}$), $Σ13$ (misorientation angles $\q{22.62}{^{\circ}}$ and $\q{67.38}{^{\circ}}$). The critical strain level $ε_{crit…
We report that the ternary MgB2-xCx compounds adopt an isostructural AlB2-type hexagonal structure in a relatively small range of nominal carbon concentration, x<0.1. The lattice parameter a decreases almost linearly with increasing carbon content x, while the c parameter remains unchanged, indicating that carbon is e…
We have used x-ray diffraction with subnanosecond temporal resolution to measure the lattice parameters of orthogonal planes in shock compressed single crystals of silicon (Si) and copper (Cu). Despite uniaxial compression along the (400) direction of Si reducing the lattice spacing by nearly 11%, no observable change…
We investigate, through first-principles calculations, the stability and electronic structure of self-interstitials and vacancies in both hexagonal (graphite-like) and cubic boron nitride. We find that the self-interstitials ${\mathrm{N}}_{i}$ and ${\mathrm{B}}_{i}$ in hexagonal boron nitride $(h\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{…
We report the results of an experimental investigation on lasing mechanisms in optically pumped ZnO epilayers at room temperature. High-quality ZnO epilayers grown on sapphire by plasma-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy employing an MgO buffer were used. Free exciton emissions and their phonon replicas dominate the phot…