Materials Literature
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Co‐electrospinning of core–shell polymer nanofibers (see Figure) is introduced. This process can be used for manufacturing of coaxial nanofibers made of pairs of different materials. Non‐spinnable materials can be forced into 1D arrangements by co‐electrospinning using a spinnable shell polymer. The method results in…
Point polarizable molecules at fixed spatial positions have solvable electrostatic properties in classical approximation, the most familiar being the Clausius-Mossotti (CM) formula. This paper generalizes the model and imagines various applications to nanosystems. The behavior is worked out for a sequence of octahedra…
Polarization energies are calculated for a point charge ion in amorphous polyethylene using local segment and non-local distributed molecular polarizabilities with material structures simulated by both general-purpose and specialist Monte Carlo software. An expression is derived for the polarization energy of a molecu…
Temperature (T) dependent current–voltage (IV) characteristics of epitaxial Pb(Ti,Zr)O3/SrTiO3 heterojunctions exhibiting the characteristics of Zener tunneling are measured in the dark and in the light. Ultraviolet light is found to induce a prominent photovoltaic effect at all T down to at least 50 K, while the open…
In this paper, a very useful development to improve the application of a method based on the multiple-diffraction technique to determine the piezoelectric coefficients of crystals is described. The idea is to choose any specific crystallographic direction (plane) through the secondary peaks in the Renninger scan inste…
Chitin, poly( N -acetylglucosamine) is a structural polysaccharide found in the shell of crustaceans and mollusks and is typically isolated from waste produced in food processing. The procedure for extracting chitin from crustacean shells usually involves decalcification, deproteination, and decolorization, which may…
A novel method for sample mounting to obtain powder diffraction from very small amounts of samples (ranging from micrograms down to a few nanograms), by using a combination of multiwire area detector, three-circle diffractometer, monochromatic Cu K α radiation and 10 µm nylon loops, has been developed. This method exp…
A piece of equipment, adapted to a vapour-diffusion plate, has been designed to apply an external electrical field during the crystallization of protein samples.
We report that adsorption of monolayers of organic molecules onto the surface of ferromagnetic semiconductor heterostructures produces large, robust changes in their magnetic properties. The heterostructures have half a monolayer of MnAs embedded in GaAs, 50 Å beneath the surface. The molecules investigated are alkylp…
A new and versatile method is proposed for the determination of strain profiles in epitaxic thin films. It is based on the simulation of the X-ray diffraction (XRD) profiles using cubic B-spline functions to model the vertical lattice displacement profile. The lattice displacement profile, and consequently the strain…
The solid–liquid equilibrium phase transition of a one-component Lennard-Jones system is determined by equilibrium and nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulation methods. One method uses the observation that the scaling exponent of the pressure or energy of a shearing Lennard-Jones liquid is approximately 1 at the s…
Reaction of the dinuclear [(CH2SiMe3)(mu-CH2SiMe3)Mn(THF)]2 (1) with an equivalent amount of 1,1-dipyrrolylcyclohexane afforded two compounds depending on the solvent employed. Reaction carried out in THF afforded the dinuclear ([1,1-(mu-C4H3N)(C4H3N)C6H10]Mn(THF)2)2.2(THF) (2) while reaction in toluene yielded the oc…
Since their introduction by Faulk and Taylor ( 1 ), colloidal gold probes have become widely used for immunocytochemical staining at the electron microscopic level. Many different methods of producing colloidal gold sols have been published ( 2 – 10 ). Gold sols are producing by boiling a solution of tetrachloroauric…
Current research in the field of tissue engineering is focused on the development of appropriate strategies for repair and regeneration of biological tissues. Biological tissues consist of cells situated within a complex molecular framework known as the extracellular matrix (ECM) with an integrated vascular system for…
Engineered tissues could form the basis for novel therapies for millions of patients who suffer from the loss of tissue or its function ( 1 ), and be used for in vitro studies of tissue development and normal and pathological function. One approach to tissue engineering involves seeding of a high density of uniformly…
SDS-PAGE is the most widely used method for qualitatively analyzing protein mixtures. It is particularly useful for monitoring protein purification, and because the method is based on the separation of proteins according to size, the method can also be used to determine the relative molecular mass of proteins ( see No…
Until 1984, structural information of biomolecules at atomic resolution could only be determined by X-ray diffraction techniques with protein single crystals ( 1 ). In the mid-1980s, Wüthrich and co-workers demonstrated that nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy ( 2 ) could be used as a technique for protein s…
It has been experimentally confirmed that the ferroelectric (FEL) and antiferromagnetic (AFM) order-parameter in hexagonal YMnO 3 are coupled at the FEL domain boundary. A microscopic model for this clamping of the two order-parameters is proposed. The clamping can be understood as due to the change of exchange integr…
Raman spectra of a polythiophene film measured over a temperature range 298–98 K were analyzed using generalized two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy. In the 1600–1250 cm−1 region, the asynchronicity of the bands indicates the existence of different species in the investigated polythiophene sample. At least four d…
Diffuse neutron scattering data have been recorded for the molecular crystal d -benzil, C 14 D 10 O 2 , using the time-of-flight Laue technique on the SXD and PRISMA instruments at ISIS. Using SXD it was possible to access a large fraction of the total three-dimensional reciprocal space out to a Q value of 15 Å −1 , u…