Materials Literature
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Imperative irradiation: A large enantiomeric excess in a liquid-crystal phase can be induced by circularly polarized light (CPL) as an external stimulus, and an imbalance in the two chiral domains becomes remarkable in the BX phase (see pictures), which is similar to the B4 phase made up by classical bent-core mesogen…
For the first time, we observed photoluminescence in Eu(III) dithiocarbamate complexes at room temperature -- more specifically in [Eu(Et(2)NCS(2))(3)phen], [Eu(Et(2)NCS(2))(3)bpy] and the novel [Eu(Ph(2)NCS(2))(3)phen], where phen stands for 1,10-phenanthroline and bpy for 2,2'-bipyridine. Correlations between the el…
Temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction and infrared (IR) spectra were measured for poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate- co -3-hydroxyhexanoate) P(HB- co -HHx) (HHx = 2.5, 3.4, 10.5, and 12 mol %) to explore their crystal and lamella structure and the C−H···O C hydrogen bonding in them. The X-ray…
X-ray data on single crystals of the quaternary metal hydride near the composition LiB(0.33)N(0.67)H(2.67), previously identified as "Li3BN2H8", reveal that its true composition is Li4BN3H10. The structure has body-centered-cubic symmetry [space group I2(1)3, cell parameter a = 10.679(1)-10.672(1) Angstroms] and conta…
Molecular or supramolecular systems capable of electro- and photostimulated color changes are still rare. We present a device design based on an electrostatic complex of a nanoscopic polyoxometalate cluster and a polyelectrolyte. The coating reversibly changes color from transparent to blue by photo- and/or electroind…
The fast mixing of aqueous solutions of calcium chloride and sodium carbonate could immediately result in amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC). Under vigorous stirring, the formed ACC in the precipitation system will dissolve first and, then, transform within minutes to produce crystalline forms of vaterite and calcite.…
A new class of lattice gas models with trivial interactions but constrained dynamics is introduced. These models are proven to exhibit a dynamical glass transition: above a critical density rhoc ergodicity is broken due to the appearance of an infinite spanning cluster of jammed particles. The fraction of jammed parti…
Polarized surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and UV-vis absorbance spectra were measured for a nonplanar Ag nanorod array substrate prepared by oblique angle vapor deposition. The anisotropy of the SERS polarization was shown to differ from that of the polarized UV-vis absorbance. The maximum SERS intensity was…
A 1,3,5-benzenetrisamide with three pending hexaalkoxytriphenylene groups has been synthesized as an example of an interesting class of intermolecular H-bond-stabilized columnar discotic liquid crystalline materials. The material forms a plastic hexagonal discotic phase that does not crystallize on cooling from the is…
Abstract Polypropylene (PP)/organoclay (Cloisite © 20A) nanocomposites are prepared via direct melt intercalation in a co‐rotating twin screw extruder. Maleic anhydride (MA)‐grafted PP (PP‐ g ‐MA) is used as a compatibilizer to improve the dispersion of the clay. The formulation used to prepare the nanocomposites is f…
A comparative investigation has been carried out on the mechanical properties and bioactivity of Bioglass-based foams, before and after applying a poly(D,L-lactic acid) (PDLLA) coating layer on the foam struts. It was found that the bioactivity of foams upon immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) was maintained in th…
Chiral ordered mesoporous silica has been synthesized by using a chiral surfactant (N-myristoyl-L-alanine sodium salt) as a template, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane as a co-structure directing agent, and tetraethoxylsilane as an inorganic source. The helicity and the morphology of the mesoporous silica are determined by…
Following our experimental report of a giant ferroelectric polarization in the region of 150 µC cm(-2) in BiFeO(3) (BFO) films, we have performed first-principles calculations based on the local density approximation to density functional theory, aiming to clarify its mechanism. Upon optimization of lattice constants…
We describe the design and fabrication of novel all-magnetic atom chips for use in ultracold atom trapping. The considerations leading to the choice of nanocrystalline exchange coupled FePt as best material are discussed. Using stray field calculations, we designed patterns that function as magnetic atom traps. These…
We investigate the electronic and magnetic properties of the proposed one-dimensional transition metal (TM = Sc, Ti, V, Cr, and Mn) -benzene (Bz) sandwich polymers by means of density functional calculations. [V(Bz)](infinity) is found to be a quasi-half-metallic ferromagnet, and half-metallic ferromagnetism is predic…
Abstract Nanostructured films with controlled architectures are desirable for many applications in optics, electronics, biology, medicine, and energy/chemical conversions. Low‐temperature, aqueous chemical routes have been widely investigated for the synthesis of continuous films, and arrays of oriented nanorods and n…
Electric-field-induced phase transitions have been evidenced by macroscopic strain measurements at temperatures between $25\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\mathrm{C}$ and $100\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\mathrm{C}$ in ${[001]}_{C}$-poled $(1\ensuremath{-}…
We report on the preparation, characterization, and photophysical study of new fluorescent core/shell nanoparticles fabricated by electrostatic layer-by-layer assembly. On the basis of gold cores with a diameter of 13 nm, these nanocolloids possess different fluorescently labeled polymer corona layers at various dista…
Skin is the largest organ of the body and is a potential route of exposure to engineered nanomaterials, but the permeability of the skin to these nanomaterials is unknown. We selected commercially available quantum dots (QD) of two core/shell sizes and shapes and three different surface coatings to determine if QD cou…
When austenitic high-alloy steel weld metal sustains single-phase solidification generally described as A-mode solidification, this is well-known to result in heightened solidification cracking susceptibility.1–3 To reduce the solidification cracking susceptibility of austenitic stainless steel, it is known to be effe…