Materials Literature
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Oversized dopant ions such as yttrium and lanthanum segregate to grain boundaries and reduce the tensile creep rate of α‐Al 2 O 3 by 2‐3 orders of magnitude. One explanation for this behavior is that the oversized segregants give rise to a “site‐blocking” effect for grain boundary diffusion. It has also been speculate…
By using polarized infrared absorption spectroscopy, we have determined the average inclination angle of the backbone structure of a series of polyimides with alkyl side chains induced by rubbing. We examined four polyimides. They have an identical backbone structure, but the number (n) of carbon atoms in the alkyl si…
D2AM is a french CRG beamline installed at the ESRF (European Synchrotron Radiation Facility) in Grenoble, with half of the time dedicated to biological macromolecule crystallography and half to materials science studies (diffraction, wide-angle and small-angle scattering). It is constructed at the front-end BM02 of t…
Optical absorption spectra of amorphous $\mathrm{CsPb}{X}_{3}$ films $(X=\mathrm{B}\mathrm{r},\mathrm{C}\mathrm{l})$ are characterized by two Gaussian bands near the fundamental edge, with the optical energy gap largely blueshifted and the absorption intensity strongly reduced as compared with the crystalline films. T…
The title selenocycle-fused tetrathiafulvalene derivatives (BES-TTF and DS-TTF) and tetraselenafulvalene derivative (BES-TSF) have been synthesized as novel electron donors, and their conducting molecular complexes have been studied. Although DS-TTF formed only semiconducting complexes, BES-TTF and BES-TSF gave metall…
The possibility of grafting a series of alkyl polyacrylates and polymethacrylates onto a nickel cathode by electropolymerization of the parent monomers has been investigated and has emphasized the critical importance of the solvent used. Indeed, the intensity of the inhibition peak, which is the electrochemical mark o…
Powder diffraction offers a wide spectrum of applications to solid-state scientists. The method traditionally used for phase analysis and the study of structural imperfections has benefited, in the last twenty years, from great advances in the instrumentation and computer-based approaches for pattern indexing and mode…
The incorporation of silicon into boron nitride films (BN:Si) has been achieved during ion beam assisted deposition growth. A gradual change from cubic boron nitride (c-BN) to hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) was observed with increasing silicon concentration. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy, field emission, and…
Time-resolved crystallography has been successfully applied on the time scale from seconds via milliseconds and nanoseconds to picoseconds on a variety of systems. This brief review largely deals with macromolecular systems, on which there has been substantial recent progress. The strategies for design of a successful…
The mechanical properties of composites consisting of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) fiber are reported. Three sizes of EFB at different filler loadings were compounded with a single screw compounder. Modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) of the EFB-HDPE compos…
One of the qualities that distinguishes living systems from inanimate matter is the ability to adapt to changes in the environment. Smart materials have the ability to perform both sensing and actuating functions and are, therefore, capable of imitating this rudimentary aspect of life. Four of the most widely used sma…
Knowledge of the exact dose and rate at which an antitumor agent is delivered to its target site is postulated to be crucial to proper patient management. It is now possible to obtain such information using non-invasive 19F-NMRS (nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy) following the administration of 5-fluorouracil (…
Pure and Fe-doped Pb(Zr0.53Ti0.47)O3 (PZT) thin film capacitors were fabricated by the sol–gel method and the leakage current versus voltage characteristics of these films were investigated at several temperatures and initial polarization states. After the initial poling of ferroelectric thin films, we measured two ki…
We report here electron spin resonance (ESR), Raman scattering, photoluminescence (PL), and absorption studies of Si+ ions implanted into silica glasses and thermally grown SiO2 films on Si wafers. The aim is to understand the defect formation and luminescence mechanism as the films were annealed at several temperatur…
Near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) have been employed to spatially resolve the complex nanoscale morphologies, spectroscopy, and energy-transfer efficiencies of self-assembled multilayered structures composed of alternating layers of α-zirconium phosphate [α-Zr(HPO 4 ) 2 ]…
The high temperature paramagnetic state in an antiferromagnetic insulator ${\mathrm{Pr}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{x}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ is characterized by the ferromagnetic spin fluctuations with an anomalously small energy scale. The ferromagnetic fluctuations show a precipitous decrease of the intensity at…
Phase-sensitive radiography, made possible by the lateral coherence of the beams from third-generation synchrotron-radiation sources, has been combined with monochromatic X-ray topography in an investigation of structural defects and inhomogeneities in the bulk of Al-Pd-Mn icosahedral single quasicrystal grains. Loop-…
Synthesis, crystal structures, and magnetic properties of two types of carboxylate-bridged Cu II 2 Ln III 2 complexes, formulated as [Cu 2 Ln 2 (bet) 10 (H 2 O) 8 ](ClO 4 ) 10 ·2H 2 O ( 1; Ln III = La III, Ce III, or Gd III; bet = betaine) and [Cu 2 Ln 2 (bet) 12 (ClO 4 ) 2 ](ClO 4 ) 8 ( 2; Ln III = Gd III or Sm III )…
A molecular switching device based on a photochromic dihydroindolizine (DHI) with non-destructive read-out capacity (see Figure for a schematic representation of the erasable dual-mode optical switch) is presented. Two different DHIs based on a pyridazine and a chinoline heterocycle have been investigated and the resu…
Pregrooves of 1.6 µm pitch for optical data storage have been embossed successfully by pressing a stamper against x CH 3 Si(OC 2 H 5 ) 3 (100 ‐ x )Si(OC 2 H 5 ) 4 ‐derived gel films (60 ≤ x ≤ 100 mol%) on glass‐disk substrates of 130 mm diameter. When x is <40 mol%, the resultant films are too hard to emboss patter…