Materials Literature
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We present the results of a spectroscopic study carried out on a solid sample of 5,5″-bis(dicyanomethylene)-5,5″-dihydro-Δ2,2′:5′,2″-terthiophene. This compound bears a heteroquinonoid structure in its ground state and could be considered as a model of the structural changes induced by the different types of charge ca…
A novel adsorbent matrix is synthesized by coupling β-cyclodextrin to chitosan using 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate. The matrix is found insoluble in organic as well as acidic or alkaline media. The results of our preliminary study on its interaction with cholesterol indicates that the modified chitosan could be used…
Resole phenolic resins containing various p-cresol (PC) to phenol (P) mol ratios were prepared and characterized. These phenolic resins were blended with nitrile rubber (NBR) and the measurements of adhesive joint strength, stress–strain properties, DSC, TGA, DMA, TEM, and SEM were performed using a 50 : 50 NBR/phenol…
A simple yet reasonably accurate perturbation theory for the Gay–Berne model, capable of describing the uniform isotropic and nematic phases, as well as the layered smectic-A phase, is presented. The theory, in line with a previously proposed theory, is based on a perturbative scheme, but the reference system, a hard…
Utilizing high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, in tandem with molecular dynamics simulations, we conduct a fundamental study of the mechanical force–structure relationship of carbon nanotubes. We study the response of tubes to asymmetrical radial compressive forces, which are directly related to observed…
The mechanical properties (flexural modulus, static tensile strength, notched Izod impact strength), miscibility, thermal stability, and flame retardance of a poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-toughened phenolic resin glass pultruded composite were investigated. The mechanical properties of a pultruded glass fiber-reinforced…
Manganese/cerium composite oxide (MnO 2 /CeO 2 ) proved to be a potent solid catalyst for the catalytic wet oxidation (CWO) of aqueous phenol under mild treatment conditions (80−130 °C, 0.5 MPa O 2 pressure). Despite the fact this catalyst exhibited an important activity in eliminating completely phenol and total orga…
The metastable T−P phase diagram and the anomalies of the thermodynamic properties of supercooled water are calculated on the basis of a two-level thermodynamic model. Water is considered as a mixture of two components which differ in atomic configurations and correspond to low-density amorphous (lda) and high-density…
A comprehensive model has been developed to handle the reactions in polymers undergoing polycondensation reactions in the solid state. The polymer crystalline fraction is modeled as containing only repeat units, thus concentrating end groups and condensate in the amorphous fraction. In addition, by using a general fra…
The size dependence of the electronic spectrum of InAs nanocrystals ranging in radius from 10–35 Å has been studied by size-selective spectroscopy. An eight-band effective mass theory of the quantum size levels has been developed which describes the observed absorption level structure and transition intensities very w…
United-atom Langevin dynamics simulations have been performed in an effort to understand early-stage polymer crystallization at the microscopic level. We have modeled the crystallization process by following the competition between the attraction among nonbonded beads and torsional energies along chain backbones. We h…
Fluorescence enhancement was studied on silver colloidal metal films (CMFs) using two systems: (1) Langmuir--Blodgett monolayers of fluorescein-labeled phospholipids separated from the surface of the films by spacer layers of octadecanoic acid and (2) biotin--fluorescein conjugates captured by avidin molecules adsorbe…
Sorption kinetics in excess toluene and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) experiments on carbon black polymer composites show that these systems exhibit remarkable behaviours. Two types of carbon blacks, having very different primary structures, were used. The swelling ratio expressed as the mass of absorbed solve…
A new method for preparing thin films of unsubstituted cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) is reported. CoPc was dissolved in mixed media consisting of trifluoroacetic or trichloroacetic acid and trichloromethane and spread onto different aqueous subphases. In this way, thin solid films were formed on the surface that exhibi…
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was employed for the in situ study of the interactions between thermally evaporated copper atoms and neutral polyaniline (PANI) films of various intrinsic oxidation states ([ N−]/[−N−] ratios), as well as with the HClO 4 -protonated PANI film. Quantitative changes in the N 1s core-leve…
Structurally and magnetochemically interesting clusters are formed by an (induced) self-assembly process based on nucleation centres of the {V3O13} or {V3O12F} type stabilized by an organic tripod ligand (see structure on the right).
Optical video microscopy and digital image processing have been used to study the self-diffusion of colloidal particles with a hard-sphere potential. The colloid particles consist of cross-linked polymers and are dispersed in a good solvent to avoid aggregation. To investigate single particle motion in highly concentr…
Self-assembling peptide nanotubes (such as the cyclic peptide for which the calculated crystal structure is shown on the right) display a wide range of structural and functional capabilities that have enabled their application in biological as well as materials science. Recent advances in the field and future directio…
Dendrimers provide a unique nanoscale environment in which to model biological function. These highly branched macromolecules can be viewed as mimics of both enzymes and more complex, self-asssembled biological architectures. This Concepts article focuses on dendrimers in which the intriguing nature of the dendritic e…
On the basis of the 'parallel-up' structure of the cellulose crystal, a crystallographic approach to study the mode of action of cellobiohydrolase Cel7A on Valonia cellulose microcrystal has been carried out. After incubation with Cel7A, most of the initially smooth and well defined Valonia microcrystals displayed fib…