Materials Literature
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A phase-field approach describing the dynamics of a strained solid in contact with its melt is developed. By rigorous asymptotic analysis we show that the sharp-interface limit of this model recovers the continuum model equations for the Grinfeld instability. Moreover, we use our approach to derive hitherto unknown sh…
Physical properties of shark gelatin were examined during gel formation and postgelation in comparison with pig gelatin. Samples with various concentrations and pH values were evaluated by breaking strength, dynamic viscoelasticity, and dynamic light scattering. Sol-gel and gel-sol transition temperatures for shark ge…
Knowledge of the sorption rate and solubility of CO2 in polymers are of great importance for developing technologies utilizing high-pressure and supercritical CO2-assisted processes. Many conventional techniques for measuring gas sorption have inherent complications when used at elevated pressures. In this work, we de…
Using the XXZ model for the description of one-dimensional magnetic materials we show that an energy flux, j_E, produces a shift, dk (j_E)^0.5, in the characteristic wavenumber of the spin-spin correlations. We estimate dk for a realistic experimental setup and find that it is measurable in inelastic neutron scatterin…
In the absence of any usual protective agent, stable platinum, rhodium, and ruthenium metal nanoclusters with small particle size in organic media are effectively prepared by heating corresponding metal hydroxide colloids in ethylene glycol containing NaOH for the first time. The average diameters of the Pt, Rh, and R…
We have developed a Monte Carlo simulator of the electromigration process in polycrystalline metal stripes. Stripes with different average grain size can be generated with Voronoi tesselation, and mapped onto a network of resistors. The proposed model includes the major role played by grain boundaries and by the curre…
The solubilization of n -hexane and toluene by silicate−surfactant hexagonal mesophases has been studied by time-resolved in situ synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering. It is suggested that the extent of solubilization is mainly governed by the oil solubility in the continuous phase. The availability of the oil wil…
Monovalent cations (M+ = Na+, K+, Rb+, and NH4+) and 12-crown-4 were assembled to new supramolecular cation (SC+) structures of the M+(12-crown-4)n (n = 1 and 2), which were incorporated into the electrically conducting Ni(dmit)2 salts (dmit = 2-thioxo-1,3-dithiole-4,5-dithiolate). The Na+, K+, and Rb+ salts are isost…
A series of highly ordered mesoporous gallium-containing MCM-41 molecular sieves with variable Si/Ga (100−10) ratios have been synthesized at room temperature. The synthesized Ga−MCM-41 was investigated by powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, thermal analysis, N 2 adsorption measurement, and 29…
Thin films of tetragonal lead monoxide have been prepared from spray pyrolytic decomposition of an aqueous solution of lead nitrate. The spray pyrolysis set-up developed for this study is also described briefly. From the structural investigations it has been found that the films generally grow with some admixture of m…
Two new one-dimensional nickel(II) complexes were synthesized and characterized: [Ni(N,N-dimethylethylenediamine)(N3)2] (1) and [Ni(2-aminoethylpyridine)(N3)2] (2). The crystal structures of 1 and 2 were solved. Complex 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P2(1)/n with a = 10.569(2) A, b = 7.331(4) A,…
A centered icosahedral 12-coordinate samarium cluster formed by six bis(L-prolinato)nickel(II) ([Ni(pro)2]) ligands, [Sm(Ni(pro)2)6]3+, was prepared. The reaction of Sm with [Ni(pro)2] in a small excess (a 2-fold excess) and also in a large excess (even a 10-fold excess) of the latter produced the cluster. Therefore,…
Diblock copolymers of ethylene oxide and 1,2-butylene oxide, E 30 B n, with constant E-block length of 30 units and various B-block lengths ( n = 3−30) were investigated, in parallel with a series of homopoly(oxybutylene)s of similar to B-block lengths, using broad-band dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (10 -2 −10 9…
A brief review is given of electronic and transport properties of carbon nanotubes mainly from a theoretical point of view. The topics include a giant Aharonov-Bohm effect on the bandgap and a Landau-level formation in magnetic fields, absence of backward scattering except for scatterers with a potential range smaller…
Time-resolved synchrotron wide- and small-angle X-ray scattering experiments were used to investigate the crystallization behavior and microstructure development of poly(ethylene oxide) and several melt-miscible PEO blends. Model blends were prepared with both weakly interacting poly(methyl methacrylate) and two stron…
The superficial properties of different Pt/γ-Al 2 O 3 catalysts, modified by the addition of tin and/or lithium, were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy, BET, and 2-propanol transformation. The results obtained were correlated with the behavior of the catalysts in applied r…
The synthesis and the swelling properties of two types of hybrid hydrogels have been studied to point out the contribution of cross-linking organic−inorganic aggregates to the network formation and the water absorption. The first type consists of polyacrylamide hydrogels with embedded polyoxotungstates. The second one…
We study via density functional-based molecular dynamics the structural and dynamical properties of the rare earth silicon amorphous alloy Y_xSi_{1-x} for x=0.093 and x=0.156. The Si network forms cavities in which a Y^{3+} cation is entrapped. Its electrons are transferred to the Si network and are located in the dan…
Recently, several research groups have reported on the observation of super-large more than 5% magneto-strain effect in some non-stoichiometric Ni-Mn-Ga alloys close to 5.78% value expected from the tetragonality aspect ratio of the martensite crystal lattice. New Ni-Mn-Ga alloys showing giant magneto-strain effect di…
Step meandering due to a deterministic morphological instability on vicinal surfaces during growth is studied. We investigate nonlinear dynamics of a step model with asymmetric step kinetics, terrace and line diffusion, by means of a multiscale analysis. We give the detailed derivation of the highly nonlinear evolutio…