Materials Literature
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A triangular macrocycle based on ortho-phenylene ethynylene with polar ethylene oxide side chains spontaneously self-assembles into vesicles upon exposure of solutions in chloroform to water. These self-assembled structures were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The self-as…
This paper reports the structure and properties of novel long natural cellulose fibers obtained from rice straw. Rice straw fibers have 64% cellulose with 63% crystalline cellulose, strength of 3.5 g/denier (450 MPa), elongation of 2.2%, and modulus of 200 g/denier (26 GPa), similar to that of linen fibers. The rice s…
A measurement of the Casimir force between a gold coated sphere and two Si plates of different carrier densities is performed using a high vacuum based atomic force microscope. The results are compared with the Lifshitz theory and good agreement is found. Our experiment demonstrates that by changing the carrier densit…
Disorder and long-range interactions are two of the key components that make material failure an interesting playfield for the application of statistical mechanics. The cornerstone in this respect has been lattice models of the fracture in which a network of elastic beams, bonds or electrical fuses with random failure…
In this paper we present calculations on the electronic band structure of a two-dimensional lateral superlattice subject to a perpendicular magnetic field by employing a projection operator technique based on the ray-group of magnetotranslation operators. We construct a new basis of appropriately symmetrized Bloch-lik…
Optoelectronic devices combining the high electrical performances of carbon nanotubes with the remarkable optical properties of polymers are demonstrated (see figure). Photoinduced, λ-dependent, robust, and reversible modulation of the device conductance is achieved. The optical response is based on the trapping of ph…
This article reviews the recent progress made in asymmetric catalysis in the nanopores of mesoporous materials and periodic mesoporous organosilicas (PMOs). Some examples of chiral catalysts within the nanopores show improved catalytic performance compared to homogeneous catalysts. The factors including the confinemen…
This paper addresses the geometric random packing and void fraction of polydisperse particles. It is demonstrated that the bimodal packing can be transformed into a continuous particle-size distribution of the power law type. It follows that a maximum packing fraction of particles is obtained when the exponent (distri…
We investigated the effect of substrate-induced strain on the metal-insulator transition (MIT) in single-crystalline VO(2) nanobeams. A simple nanobeam-substrate adhesion leads to uniaxial strain along the nanobeam length because of the nanobeam's unique morphology. The strain changes the relative stability of the met…
A new europium(III) complex, [4'-(10-methyl-9-anthryl)-2,2':6',2"-terpyridine-6,6"-diyl]bis(methylenenitrilo) tetrakis(acetate)-Eu(3+), was designed and synthesized as a highly sensitive and selective time-gated luminescence probe for singlet oxygen ((1)O2). The new probe is highly water soluble with a large stability…
Bisthienylethenes (BTEs) are one of the most promising families of photochromic compounds because of their fatigue resistance and thermally irreversible properties for use in optoelectronic devices such as ultrahigh-density optical data storage, molecular switches, logic gates, molecular wires, sensors, and so on. Thi…
Temperature variations of the electron magnetic resonance (EMR) spectra and magnetization measurements are used to show that Ce 3+ ions in concentration ≃18% are present in 3 nm CeO 2 nanoparticles supported on silica aerogel. It is argued that the presence of Ce 3+ implies the defect structure CeO 2- x for ceria nano…
Recent nanomechanical tests on submicron metal columns and wires have revealed a dramatic increase in yield strength with decreasing sample size. Here, we demonstrate that nanoporous metal foams can be envisioned as a three-dimensional network of ultrahigh-strength nanowires, thus bringing together two seemingly confl…
The development of a reversible chemical sensor based on a CdSe/ZnS nanocrystal (NC) is described. Signal transduction is accomplished by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between the NC and a fluorescent pH-sensitive squaraine dye attached to the surface of the NC. The efficiency of FRET, and consequently…
Abstract One of the key challenges in nanotechnology is to control a self‐assembling system to create a specific structure. Self‐organizing block copolymers offer a rich variety of periodic nanoscale patterns, and researchers have succeeded in finding conditions that lead to very long range order of the domains. Howev…
The authors have experimentally investigated photoexcitation effects on carrier transports through a Ge quantum-dot (QD)∕SiO2 system via a resonant tunneling diode (RTD). Features of resonant oscillation and negative differential conductance are observed from the tunneling current of Ge-QDs RTDs at room temperature. T…
The authors investigate the effect of the surface treatment on the electrical response of a nematic liquid crystal cell. The theoretical analysis is performed by describing, from the electrical point of view, the liquid crystal and the surface treatment by means of the dielectric constants and the electrical conductiv…
Self-organized construction of advanced materials and devices has been carried out starting with tailor-made colloidal nanoparticles as building blocks. Multilayer thin films of gold nanoparticles stabilized by glutamates and zinc sulfide nanoparticles capped with chitosan were self-organized by a modified polyelectro…
Der aktiven Spezies auf der Spur: Rechnungen erklären die Bildung und Aktivität einzelner Goldatome in der heterogenkatalysierten Hydrierung von 1,3-Butadien. Die aktive Spezies ist ein AuI-Komplex, der in situ durch Reduktion von AuIII entsteht und durch ZrO2-Defekte stabilisiert wird. Die hohe katalytische Aktivität…
The X-ray diffraction in the Laue geometry is investigated in germanium and silicon single crystals upon excitation of long-wavelength ultrasonic elastic strain waves traveling along the sample surface. The X-ray diffraction beam is bounded by a slit 0.2 mm in size, which is considerably less than the wavelength of th…