Materials Literature
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By Monte Carlo simulations in the canonical ensemble, we have studied the magnetic anisotropy in Fe/Dy amorphous multilayers. This work has been motivated by experimental results which show a clear correlation between the magnetic perpendicular anisotropy and the substrate temperature during elaboration of the samples…
We studied exchange bias in magnetic multilayers incorporating antiferromagent CoO doped with up to 35 atomic percent of Pt. The exchange bias increased with doping in epitaxial films, but did not significantly change in polycrystalline films at the lowest measured temperature of 5 K, and decreased at higher temperatu…
We have developed a method to simulate behavior of nanoporous materials in a molecular dynamics code. The nanoporous solid is produced via a spinodal decomposition of a material brought from a supercritical fluid into the two phase (liquid-vapor) region and then quenching and freezing the liquid into an interconnected…
In the early days of high temperature superconductivity it was already recognized that magnetic properties of these materials are intimately related to the superconducting ones . When doped, the long-range ordered antiferromagnetic background of pristine copper-oxide insulators melts away and makes room for a spin liq…
We have performed zero-field $^{75}$As nuclear magnetic resonance study of SmFeAsO$_{1-x}$F$_x$ (x=0, 0.07) polycrystals in a wide frequency range at various temperatures. $^{75}$As resonance line was found at around 265 MHz revealing the formation of the intermetallic FeAs clusters in the new layered superconductors.…
A low temperature micro solid oxide fuel cell with corrugated electrolyte membrane was developed and tested. To increase the electrochemically active surface area, yttria-stabilized zirconia membranes with thickness of 70 nm were deposited onto prepatterned silicon substrates. Fuel cell performance of the corrugated e…
Chalcogenide glasses are widely used in phase-change nonvolatile memories and in optical recording media for their ability to rapidly change their structure to crystalline, thus obtaining different electrical resistance and optical reflectivity. Chalcogenide glasses universally display threshold switching, that is a s…
Control of function through the primary structure of a molecule presents a significant challenge with valuable rewards for nanoscience. Dendritic building blocks encoded with information that defines their three-dimensional shape (e.g., flat-tapered or conical) and how they associate with each other are referred to as…
[Reaction: see text]. Plasmonic-based chemical sensing technologies play a key role in chemical, biochemical, and biomedical research, but basic research in this area is still attracting interest. Researchers would like to develop new types of plasmonic nanostructures that can improve the analytical figures of merit,…
In this Letter, we calculate the electron-phonon coupling of the newly discovered superconductor LaFeAsO1-xFx using linear response. For pure LaFeAsO, the calculated electron-phonon coupling constant lambda=0.21 and logarithmic-averaged frequency omegaln=206 K give a maximum Tc of 0.8 K, using the standard Migdal-Elia…
The ternary iron arsenide ${\text{BaFe}}_{2}{\text{As}}_{2}$, with the tetragonal ${\text{ThCr}}_{2}{\text{Si}}_{2}$-type structure, exhibits a spin-density-wave (SDW) anomaly at 140 K, very similar to LaFeAsO, which is the parent compound of the iron arsenide superconductors. ${\text{BaFe}}_{2}{\text{As}}_{2}$ is a p…
First-principles supercell calculations are used to investigate the lattice distortions in ${\text{BaZrO}}_{3}$ heavily codoped with K and La. We find that nonferroelectric ${\text{BaZrO}}_{3}$ can be made ferroelectric in this way. The ferroelectricity is the result of La off-centerings and can be understood using io…
A simple and general approach for manipulating magnetic field at room temperature by means of electric fields is reported. Our design involves the fabrication of liquid crystal devices compounded with built-in ferromagnetic nanorods. It is discovered that magnetic nanorods can be well aligned along the orientation of…
Abstract A series of organophosphonopolyoxoniobotungstates [NbW 10 O 38 (RP) 2 ] 3– {R = Me ( 1 ), Et ( 2 ), Pr ( 3 ), n Bu ( 4 ), Hex ( 5 ), Hep ( 6 ), Cy ( 7 ), Ph ( 8 ), All ( 9 )} has been prepared by the reaction of ( n Bu 4 N) 3 [NbW 5 O 19 ] with the appropriate organophosphono dichloride, RP(O)Cl 2 . All of th…
The influence of draw frame delivery speed, coiler diameter of card and card draft are found to be significant on ring-yarn properties. With the increase in delivery speed of draw frame and coiler diameter of cards, both tenacity and breaking elongation of yarn increases; whereas U%, total imperfections, hairiness and…
Stainless steel is one of the most common metallic biomedical materials. For medical applications, its resistance to the adherence of biofilms is of importance to the elimination or minimization of bacterial infections. In this study, we demonstrate the effectiveness of a process combining surface nanocrystallization…
We have performed an unbiased search for the lowest-energy structures of medium-sized aluminum clusters Al(n) (n=19-26) using a genetic algorithm (GA) coupled with a tight-binding interatomic potential. Structural candidates obtained from our GA search were further optimized using density functional theory. It is foun…
A method of rapidly identifying and imaging suspended nanotubes by scanning electron microscopy is reported. Nanotubes are visible in high contrast and even at low magnification. The contrast can be explained by considering the effect that the charge on the nanotube has on the substrate. The proposed mechanism is gene…
A series of peptidomimetic trifluoromethylketones containing the photoisomerisable azobenzene group have been synthesised, photoisomerised and assayed against the serine protease alpha-chymotrypsin. All are inhibitors of the enzyme and exhibit up to a fivefold increase in activity on UV irradiation. Visible irradiatio…
This special issue deals with the simultaneous occurrence of at least two primary ferroic properties, namely of ferroelectricity, ferromagnetism, ferrotoroidicity or ferroelasticity in one single homogeneous phase. The question of how different ferroic states can coexist in a single-phase material is an important issu…