Materials Literature
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Austenitic stainless steels are the most favoured construction materials for various components required in chemical, petrochemical, fertiliser and nuclear industries. However, these steels are prone to sensitisation. In the sensitised condition, the steels are quite susceptible to intergranular corrosion and intergra…
The synthesis of ZnO nano-needles using unbalanced magnetron sputtering is reported. A multilayer structure comprised of ZnO(50 nm)/Zn(20 nm)/ZnO(2 µm) was grown on a stainless steel substrate without substrate heating. The growth of ZnO nano-needles was observed on the surface of the multilayer structure after post-a…
Abstract Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has been used to demonstrate the biological formation of a hollow spherical halloysite-like mineral in freshwater systems. The interaction between clays and microbes was investigated in microbial films from laboratory cultures derived from natural sediments. Optical and…
V(2)O(5) x nH(2)O xerogel films with n = 1.6, 0.6, and 0.3 have been prepared from the sol-gel route by reacting V(2)O(5) with H(2)O(2) followed by drying under ambient conditions and thermal annealing at 110 and 250 degrees C, respectively. After dehydration, V(2)O(5) crystallizes at 300-330 degrees C, as revealed by…
Chiral molecules that self-assemble to form chiral supramolecular structures exhibit interesting structural features reminiscent of tertiary and quaternary structures of proteins and have applications in catalysis and nonlinear optics. Often, these structures are hierarchical, with their chiral structure difficult to…
Raman scattering from binary ${\mathrm{Ge}}_{x}{\mathrm{Se}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}$ glasses under hydrostatic pressure shows onset of a steady increase in the frequency of modes of corner-sharing $\mathrm{Ge}{\mathrm{Se}}_{4}$ tetrahedral units when the external pressure $P$ exceeds a threshold value ${P}_{c}$. The thres…
First-principles calculations show that AB defects substituting on an O site in ZnO where A, B=N, O, or C are an important class of defects whose physical properties cannot be described by the usual split interstitials but rather by substitutional diatomic molecules. The molecular natures of the (AB)O defects are refl…
Indium oxide (In 2 O 3 ) octahedrons and nanowires were synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) through selecting appropriate source materials and controlling proper external conditions. The growth mechanisms of In 2 O 3 octahedrons and nanowires were analyzed in detail, based on which growth model of single-cr…
Polycrystalline thin films of double layer manganite La_1.4Ca_1.6Mn_2O_7 (DLCMO) have been deposited by nebulized spray pyrolysis on single crystal LaAlO_3 substrates. These single phase films having grain size in the range 70-100 nm exhibit ferromagnetic transition at T_C ~ 107K. The short range ferromagnetic orderin…
Large quantities of highly pure boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) are synthesized through a carbon-free method. Nanotube phonon features are investigated by Raman and Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopies. Both methods indicate highly pure boron nitride phase. Intense ultraviolet light emission is observed when BN…
We report on the interaction of carbon monoxide with cationic gold clusters in the gas phase. Successive adsorption of CO molecules on the Au(n)(+) clusters proceeds until a cluster size specific saturation coverage is reached. Structural information for the bare gold clusters is obtained by comparing the saturation s…
Abstract The thermal stability of surfactant-modified clays plays a key role in the synthesis and processing of organoclay-based nanocomposites. Differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermogravimetric measurement and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used in this study to characterize the thermal stability o…
Electromagnetic interference shielding properties of carbon nanofiber- and multi-walled carbon nanotube-filled polystyrene composites were investigated in the frequency range of 8.2-12.4 GHz (X-band). It was observed that the shielding effectiveness of composites was frequency independent, and increased with the incre…
We introduce a mechanism for creating artificial high refractive index metamaterials by exploiting the existence of subwavelength propagating modes in metallic systems. As an example, we investigate analytically and numerically metal films with a periodic arrangement of cut-through slits. Because of the presence of TE…
Abstract Fifteen years of research on hyperbranched polymers in the group of Brigitte Voit are described, with a focus first on hyperbranched polyester synthesis and then on the addition and cycloaddition reactions used for the preparation of the hyperbranched structure. The characterization of structural details and…
FeCo intermetallic alloys are well known to possess a unique combination of high saturation magnetisation, high Curie temperature, low magnetocrystalline anisotropy and good strength. They are ideally suited for applications requiring high flux densities. Intense research and development efforts over the years resulte…
Light interacting with nanostructured metals excites the collective charge density fluctuations known as surface plasmons (SP). Through excitation of the localized SP eigenmodes incident light is trapped on the nanometer spatial and femtosecond temporal scales and its field is enhanced. Here we demonstrate the imaging…
This letter reports a β-SiAlON:Eu2+ green phosphor with the composition of Eu0.00296Si0.41395Al0.01334O0.0044N0.56528. The phosphor powder exhibits a rod-like morphology with the length of ∼4μm and the diameter of ∼0.5μm. It can be excited efficiently over a broad spectral range between 280 and 480 nm, and has an emis…
The field-induced domain evolution is investigated in a single-domain ferroelectric solid undergoing spontaneous polarization and polarization reorientation. Domain wall velocities have been correlated with the driving force acting on the domain interface. This boundary driving force, which depends on the local electr…
We have been proposing a magnetic force control method using the inverse magnetostrictive effect of magnetostrictive materials. With a parallel magnetic circuit consisting of iron yokes and permanent magnet, the magnetic force exerting on the yoke can be varied by the mechanical stress applied to the magnetostrictive…