Materials Literature
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<div class="htmlview paragraph">Comparisons between 1D simulations and experiments on a mini scale SiC filter are presented.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">First of all, experiments with regeneration for different loading mass and soot composition enabled us to derive an improved pressure drop…
A pressure-induced crossover from normal ferroelectric–to–relaxor behavior has been observed in single crystal [Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3]0.905(PbTiO3)0.095, or PZN-9.5% PT. Analogy with similar observations for other perovskites indicates that this crossover is a general feature of compositionally disordered soft mode ferroel…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">In Europe, where diesel engine cars enjoy widely popularity, the major diesel-engine car manufacturers have already announced that they will equip their diesel engine vehicles with DPF systems. Silicon carbide(SiC) has good fundamental properties. And the crack problem during rege…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">The hatchback of Volkswagen's 3 liter car (3 l fuel consumption per 100 km) consists of an inner component of die casting magnesium (AM50) covered with an aluminum panel from the outside. This hybrid design requires a new manufacturing process: The pre-coated magnesium part will b…
BaTiO 3 shows relaxation effects when minute concentrations of Bi+3 and Fe+3 are added in varying molar ratios. Addition of Bi+3 at the A site reduces the transition maximum (Tm), whereas Fe+3 addition at the B site reduces the value of dielectric constant. Doping of Bi+3 and Fe+3 in equimolar ratios shows a positive…
Electroluminescent ZnS:Mn thin films have been codoped with KCl via an ex situ deposition and diffusion process. The brightness, efficiency, and stability of sputter deposited ZnS:Mn alternating current thin film electroluminescent devices have been greatly improved over untreated devices. Potassium chloride doping is…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Flax (<i>Linum usitatissimum L.</i>) has supplied fiber for textiles for thousands of years. Recently, flax has been considered as a cost-effective alternative to glass in composites. New technology and separation techniques have lowered the costs to produce fibers tha…
4-[2-tetrathiafulvalenyl-ethenyl]pyridine (1) has been prepared from a Wittig reaction between formyltetrathiafulvalene and 4-picolyltriphenylphosphonium chloride hydrochloride. Conversion of the pyridine moiety of 1 by reaction with methyl iodide leads to 4-[2-tetrathiafulvalenyl-ethenyl]-1-methylpyridinium iodide (2…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">The tightening NOx and particulate matter (PM) emission standards for heavy duty diesel powered vehicles are stimulating the development of aftertreatment systems to reduce NOx and PM emissions from such vehicles. Here we present data on a new system which combines NO<sub>2&…
We have studied the effect of point defects on coherent optical phonons in ion-implanted bismuth polycrystalline films. Ultrafast dynamics of coherent phonons and photogenerated carriers in the femtosecond time domain have been investigated by means of pump-probe reflectivity measurements. The dephasing rate of the A1…
Computer simulations of a model glass-forming system are presented, which study the correlation between the dynamics in real space and the topography of the potential energy landscape. This analysis clearly reveals that in the supercooled regime the dynamics is strongly influenced by the presence of deep valleys in th…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Significant improvements in exhaust emissions and engine performance in an ordinary DI diesel engine were realized with highly oxygenated fuels. The smoke emissions decreased sharply and linearly with increases in oxygen content and entirely disappeared at an oxygen content of 38…
The spontaneous formation of twins in La(2/3)Ca(1/3)MnO3 films below T(S) approximately 105 K is observed by a magneto-optical technique. The twins are revealed as stripes along the {110} directions where magnetization tilts out of the film plane due to the stresses in twins. Their appearance is associated with a mart…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper describes the function and application of the preoxidation, hydrolysis and SCR catalysts individually and as a combined system for urea SCR both in model gas and engine bench tests. Using the basic system and a non-optimized urea injection strategy 45% NO<sub>x<…
SrTiO 3 has been grown epitaxially by molecular beam epitaxy on Si. The capacitance of this 110 Å dielectric film is electrically equivalent to less than 10 Å of SiO2. This structure has been used to make capacitors and metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors. The interface trap density between the SrTiO3 a…
A high resolution non-adiabatic method for measuring the heat capacity ($C_v$) of bulk samples of condensable gases in the range 7.5-70 K is described. In this method $C_v$ is evaluated by directly comparing the heating and cooling rates of the sample temperature for two algebraically independent heat pulse sequences…
We study the pre-K-edge structure of the resonant X-ray scattering for forbidden reflections (anomalous scattering) in LaMnO3, using the band calculation based on the local density approximation. We find a two-peak structure with an intensity approximately 1/100 of that of the main peak. This originates from a mixing…
A polydisperse system contains particles with at least one attribute $σ$ (such as particle size in colloids or chain length in polymers) which takes values in a continuous range. It therefore has an infinite number of conserved densities, described by a density {\em distribution} $ρ(σ)$. The free energy depends on all…
A scaling approach in the conductivity formalism is applied to lithium tellurite glasses of different compositions. We observe that the hopping frequency can be used as the scaling frequency in the absence of well-defined dielectric loss peaks, and a universality of the scaling of the conductivity can be obtained for…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Compliance with future emission standards for diesel powered vehicles is likely to require the deployment of emission control devices, such as particulate filters and DeNOx converters. Diesel emission control is merging with powertrain management and requires deep knowledge of emi…