Materials Literature
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Composites of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) filled with micron‐ and nanosized calcium carbonate (CaCO3) particles were prepared by solution blending. The influences of particle size and CaCO3 content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the PVC composites were investigated by means of polarized optical micr…
X‐ray diffraction patterns for the uniaxial and biaxial nematic phases exhibited by rigid bent‐core mesogens were calculated using a simple model for the molecular form factor and a modified Lorentzian structure factor. The X‐ray diffraction patterns depend strongly on the extent of the alignment of the molecular axes…
Abstract The earthworm calciferous gland produces a concentrated suspension of calcium carbonate and in certain species precipitates as concretions of CaCO 3 , which then enter the soil. Here we investigated the initial stages of CaCO 3 formation in the earthworm Lumbricus friendi by means of Fourier transform infrare…
This article describes a modified compulsive exchange method suitable for the determination of cation exchange capacity (CEC) over a pH range on solid, separated organic‐matter fractions. The method is demonstrated to be a reproducible and relatively simple means of measuring CEC on fractions separated by physical mea…
Lanthanum hydroxide and oxide were prepared by the precipitation method in an aqueous medium at room temperature. The precipitate was examined using thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscopy to investigate the phase evaluation and the thermal transformation by decomposition. The as-precipita…
Optically good quality single crystals of pure and amino acid doped KDP have been grown by slow evaporation method at constant temperature (40°C). The effect of amino acid dopants on the growth and characterization of KDP crystals has been studied. The grown crystals are characterized by density, melting point determi…
Eaton has developed an aftertreatment system for medium- and heavy-duty diesel engines in response to the US 2010 regulations. This system consists of a fuel reformer, a lean NO x trap (LNT), and an ammonia selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst in series. A transient, one-dimensional model of the system was dev…
A crystal-chemical study of thirteen biotite (twelve of 1M polytype and one of 2M 1 polytype) and four muscovite samples was made. The biotite coexists with the muscovite. Samples are from metamorphic terranes and from granitic and granodioritic bodies occurring in three areas of western Maine. The metamorphic mineral…
The elastic properties of the wurtzite-type aluminum nitride (w-AlN) are investigated by ab initio plane-wave pseudopotential density functional theory method. The pressure dependences of the normalized primitive cell volume V / V 0 , the elastic constants c ij , the aggregate elastic modulus (B, G, E), the Poisson's…
Gd 5 ( Si x Ge 1 − x ) 4 for 0.41⩽x⩽0.5 is orthorhombic and ferromagnetic at lower temperature, monoclinic and paramagnetic at higher temperature, and shows a first order magnetic-structural phase transition between the two. Magnetic moment versus magnetic field (MH) isotherms were measured just above the first order…
Abstract Innovative starch‐based polymeric products were synthesized for utilization as sizing agents, flocculants, and finishing agents. The synthesis involved reaction of starch and hydrolyzed starches with monochlorotriazinyl‐β‐cyclodextrin (MCT‐β‐CD) to yield starch grafted with cyclodextrin (St‐g‐CD). The latter…
Piezoelectric materials lie at the heart of ultrasonic transducers. For transducers used in medical imaging (3-7 MHz), PZT-5H ceramics offer high electromechanical coupling (k33≥ 75%), resulting in good bandwidth and sensitivity. As transducer arrays become smaller with increasing frequency, the development of high pe…
By combining transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), the annealing behavior of polyethylene (PE) single crystals exhibited when annealed on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) was investigated. Morphologically, fibrils were formed and ordered in the form of a leaf venation in an…
Ceramics in a PZT–PCN system with the formula (1- x )Pb(Zr 1/2 Ti 1/2 )O 3 –( x )Pb(Co 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 , where x = 0.1–0.5, were prepared using a solid-state mixed-oxide technique (the columbite-wolframite precursor method). The phase formation behavior and microstructure were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) ana…
Abstract Diphenyl disulfide is a common agent used in the devulcanization of sulfur‐vulcanized goods. Its activity has been tested both in real rubber samples and in model molecules but, to the best of our knowledge, always under normal heating conditions. Moreover, there is a lack of information about how the vulcani…
A semiclassical Monte Carlo simulation was run to estimate the performances of a monolayer and a bilayer (with vertical electric field of 1 V/nm applied) graphene-channel field-effect transistor (FET). The vertical field produces a band gap of 0.16 eV and gives semiconductive properties in the bilayer graphene. Electr…
Data for long-term marine immersion and half-tide corrosion loss and pitting of chromium-bearing and stainless steels is systematically re-examined and re-interpreted to show that it is consistent with the model previously proposed for mild and low-alloy steel corrosion. Early corrosion of chromium-bearing steels is w…
PEGylated liposomes (approximately 100 nm in diameter) lose their long-circulating characteristic upon repeated injection at certain intervals in the same animal (referred to as the "accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon"), as described by our group and by researchers in the Netherlands. Recently, it was demons…
ZnO thin films prepared by magnetron sputtering on c-plane sapphire may exhibit a columnar growth with an average column diameter depending on the deposition temperature. In this case two epitaxial relationships coexist and adjacent columns are rotated, one from the other, by 90° around the [0001] direction. The long…
Abstract Low-charge beidellites were synthesized by a hydrothermal treatment applied to an amorphous gel phase in basic solution. The hydrothermal conditions for the syntheses were chosen from the stability field of beidellite previously investigated in the literature. The synthetic samples were characterized chemical…