Materials Literature
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It has been known that the electrical breakdown of insulating materials is strongly affected by the formation of space charge in the bulk of the materials. Many researchers have attempted to study the relationship between the space charge and the breakdown; however, it has not been clarified yet. Although the pulsed e…
A diarylethene fused trimer, 1-(5-(2-(3,5-dimethyl-2-thienyl)hexafluorocyclopententen-1-yl)-2,4-dimethyl-3-thienyl)-2-(5-(2-(2,4-dimethyl-5-phenyl-3-thienyl)hexafluorocyclopentene-1-yl)-2,4-dimethyl-3-thienyl)hexafluorocyclopentene, was synthesized. The diarylethene derivative showed full-color photochromic performanc…
Increasing power densities and decreasing transistor dimensions are hallmarks of modern computer chips. Both trends are increasing the thermal management challenge within the chip and surrounding packaging, as well as accelerating research progress on high-conductivity materials. This article reviews recent materials…
The three-dimensional structure of large packings of monosized spheres with volume fractions ranging between 0.58 and 0.64 has been studied with x-ray computed tomography. We search for signatures of organization, classifying local arrangements and exploring the effects of local geometrical constrains on the global pa…
Abstract The controlling of the internal interaction in multichromophores leads to functional dyes with novel properties. Such a controlling is demonstrated with perylene dyes and offers a manifold of novel possibilities.
The effects of side chain length on the molecular aggregation states and surface properties of poly(fluoroalkyl acrylate) [PFA-C y, where y is the fluoromethylene number of the R f groups] thin films were systematically investigated. Spin-coated PFA-C y thin films were characterized by static and dynamic contact angle…
Abstract Surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a powerful technique for the sensitive and selective detection of low‐concentration analytes. This paper includes a discussion of the early history of SERS, the concepts that must be appreciated to optimize the intensity of SERS and the development of SERS‐based s…
The nature of the thermoelectric materials Ag(1-x)Pb(m)SbTe(m+2) or LAST-m materials (LAST for Lead Antimony Silver Tellurium) with different m values at the atomic as well as nanoscale was studied with powder/single-crystal X-ray diffraction, electron diffraction, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy.…
By solution-based method, three kinds of silver colloids, self-assembled nanowires, triangular nanoplates and quasispherical nanoparticles, have been synthesized. TEM studies revealed that they exposed different crystal planes, such as {111} crystal planes to triangular nanoplates, mainly {100} and {111} planes to sel…
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have many unique physical, mechanical, and electronic properties. These distinct properties may be exploited such that they can be used for numerous applications ranging from sensors and actuators to composites. As a result, in a very short duration, CNTs appear to have drawn the attention of b…
A novel kind of magnetic core/mesoporous silica shell nanospheres with a uniform particle diameter of ca. 270 nm was synthesized. The inner magnetic core endues the whole nanoparticle with magnetic properties, while the outer mesoporous silica shell shows high enough surface area and pore volume. The synthesized mater…
Nanoparticles are a class of materials with properties distinctively different from their bulk and molecular counterparts. A critical review of the very broad topic of environmental nanoparticles is presented. Because of the vast nature of the topic, the review is focused primarily on gas-borne nanoparticles. The "lif…
Abstract The electromagnetic theory of surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), despite its simplicity, can account for all major SERS observations, including: the need for a nanostructured material as the SERS‐active system; the observation that some metals form good SERS‐active systems while others do not; the ob…
This book by Ramakrishna et al. on electrospinning deals with different aspects of the highly topical processing technique electrospinning and other issues related to nanofibers, which is an emerging field of nanotechnology. The book consists of 7 main chapters, an appendix for glossary terms and useful websites, a bi…
A method is described for the direct measurement of the thermal time constant of microbolometer arrays: The emitted radiation from an array due to time varying Joule heating is monitored by a fast photodetector. Applying a bias voltage pulse to the array the thermal time constant is measured from the time dependence o…
Abstract Aqueous poly(urethane‐urea) dispersions were prepared by the prepolymer mixing technique, without any organic solvent, using two aliphatic diisocyanates (α,α,α′,α′‐tetramethyl‐1,3‐xylylene diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate) and various macrodiols, in conjunction with a fixed proportion of emulsifying a…
Temperature-dependent magnetic structures in ${\mathrm{La}}_{2\ensuremath{-}2x}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{1+2x}{\mathrm{Mn}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{7}$ $(x=0.32)$ are derived from real-space observation based on three-dimensional magnetization vector analysis using spin-polarized scanning electron microscopy. Below $80\phantom{\rule{0.…
Structural, transport, and magnetic measurements on nearly oxygen stoichiometric samples of the system ${\mathrm{Y}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{La}}_{x}{\mathrm{TiO}}_{3}$ and ${\mathrm{LuTiO}}_{3}$ have revealed that antiferromagnetic ${\mathrm{LaTiO}}_{3}$ is a $p$-type conductor with holes spread over more than 10…
Non-equilibrium magnetization dynamics in the Fe8 single-molecule magnet induced by high-intensity microwave radiation, M. Bal, Jonathan R. Friedman, Y. Suzuki, E. M. Rumberger, D. N. Hendrickson, N. Avraham, Y. Myasoedov, H. Shtrikman, E. Zeldov
Molecular dynamics simulations of a melt of freely rotating chains of 1,4-polybutadiene (FRC-PBD) have been performed over a wide range of temperature. Removal of the dihedral barriers in FRC-PBD allows for complete resolution of the Johari-Goldstein beta process from the primary alpha process in the simulation time w…