Materials Literature
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Abstract How deep is your orbital? Density functional theory studies on the axial ligand effect of aliphatic versus aromatic hydroxylation of ethylbenzene by iron–oxo complexes with a variable axial ligand show that strong (anionic) ligands pull the metal inside the plane of the haeme and destabilise cationic intermed…
Scanning transmission electron microscopy and density functional theory are used to characterize atomic structures of nanoscale heterointerfaces between gold nanoparticles and a TiO2 (110) surface. It is found that when the gold nanoparticle size is smaller than a few nanometers, gold atoms preferentially attach to sp…
Easy come, easy go? Transport resistances on particle surfaces are important for mass transfer in nanoporous materials and bulk diffusion in crystals. Interference microscopy and IR micro-imaging are shown to be excellent tools for determining such transport resistances. By studying short-chain-length alkane guest mol…
It is found from a heat-flux-driven full-f gyrokinetic particle simulation that there is ion temperature gradient (ITG) turbulence across an entire L-mode-like edge density pedestal in a diverted tokamak plasma in which the ion temperature gradient is mild without a pedestal structure, hence the normalized ion tempera…
In this Colloquium, the main features of the electron-lattice interaction are discussed and high values of the critical temperature up to room temperature could be provided. While the issue of the mechanism of superconductivity in the high ${T}_{c}$ cuprates continues to be controversial, one can state that there have…
In a recent experiment, Weisheit et al (2007 Science 315 349) demonstrated that the coercivity of thin L1 0 FePt and FePd films can be modified by the external electric field in an electrochemical environment.Here, this observation is confirmed by density functional calculations for the intrinsic magnetic anisotropy.T…
Today, bone diseases such as bone fractures, osteoporosis and bone cancer represent a common and significant public health problem. The design of biomimetic bone tissue engineering materials that could restore and improve damaged bone tissues provides exciting opportunities to solve the numerous problems associated wi…
Measurements of protein abundance and quantitative assessment of multiple post-translational modifications (PTMs) within a single protein are increasingly used to understand the control of protein activity, particularly in metazoan cells. General methods of wide applicability and precision/accuracy for quantitative es…
Like ion channels, nanochannels are known to exhibit curious non-Ohmic current-voltage (I-V) characteristics with an approximate piece-wise constant differential resistance. Using a nanoslot model and a nonequilibrium ion transport theory, we attribute the nonlinear resistance to overlapping double layers inside and a…
Monodisperse CuInS 2 nanodisks were synthesized by heating metal chlorides and thiourea in oleylamine. X-ray diffraction showed the predominant phase to be wurtzite (hexagonal) CuInS 2 instead of chalcopyrite (tetragonal) or compositionally disordered sphalerite (cubic). High-resolution transmission electron microscop…
Abstract A new, analytical description of the physical processes determining the spectral response of an energy dispersive X‐ray spectrometer with a silicon detector (Si(Li) or silicon drift detector (SDD)) is presented. The model considers the detector statistical noise, the electronic noise, the incomplete charge co…
Hexaniobate nanoscrolls (NS-H 4 Nb 6 O 17 ) and acid-restacked calcium niobate nanosheets (R-HCa 2 Nb 3 O 10 ) were compared as oxide semiconductors in photocatalytic assemblies for H 2 production using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as a sacrificial electron donor and platinum (Pt) nanoparticles as catalysts.…
The nucleophilic addition of cyanide to the trifluoroacetylamino group in 2 yields an amphiphilic species which would induce the aggregation of silole 1, and as a result, the fluorescence of the ensemble increases largely. Accordingly, a fluorescence turn-on detection of cyanide in aqueous solution can be established…
We evaluated the healing potential of human fetal aorta-derived CD133(+) progenitor cells and their conditioned medium (CD133(+) CCM) in a new model of ischemic diabetic ulcer. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice underwent bilateral limb ischemia and wounding. One wound was covered with collagen containing 2x10(4) CD…
There is considerable interest in uncovering the pathway of amyloid formation because the toxic properties of amyloid likely stems from prefibril intermediates and not the fully formed fibrils. Using a recently invented method of collecting 2-dimensional infrared spectra and site-specific isotope labeling, we have mea…
We have shown that the size of the magnetization step due to resonant spin tunneling in a molecular magnet can be strongly affected by sound. The transverse-acoustic wave can also generate macroscopic quantum beats of the magnetization during the field sweep.
The NH-tautomerism is a fundamental property of all metal-free porphyrins. In the present study it was investigated for three novel nonsymmetrical cycloketo-tetraphenylporphyrins in isotropic solutions. The combination of steady-state absorption and fluorescence techniques with decay-associated fluorescence spectrosco…
Two series of CuO X /SiO 2 nanocomposites with various Cu/Si molar ratios have been synthesized by sol−gel technique from two different copper metal precursors, cupric nitrate hydrate (Cu(NO 3 ) 2 ·3H 2 O) and cupric acetylacetonate (Cu(acac) 2 ), respectively. The influence of various chemical precursors and Cu conte…
Silica is an important mineral in biology and technology, and many protocols have been developed for the synthesis of complex silica architectures. The current report shows that silsesquioxane nanoparticles carrying polymer arms on their surface are efficient templates for the fabrication of silica particles with a st…
Nanoporous zinc oxide films can be prepared by electrochemical codeposition with the dye eosin Y (EY) as a template and its subsequent desorption with aqueous KOH. In this contribution, the partial dissolving and reorganization of the zinc oxide film during the desorption step was studied in detail using X-ray diffrac…