Materials Literature
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Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is widely used for understanding and quantifying the corrosion protective quality of coatings. However, the traditional single-cell EIS (SCEIS) configuration has largely been limited to laboratory testing on small panels partly due to the requirement of an electrical connec…
Abstract Low cycle fatigue of the single-crystal nickel-base superalloy CMSX-4 was investigated in the temperature range 700—950°C under strain controlled cyclic loading. The points of interest were the crystallographic anisotropy of low cycle fatigue behaviour and the effect of creep damage on low cycle fatigue life.…
Waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is glycolyzed along with virgin PET. A higher proportion of virgin PET in the mixture has the ability to consume more glycols during glycolysis. This gives rise to a glycolyzed PET (GPET1), which contains a lesser amount of free glycol and shows the highest hydroxyl value. During…
We study the density of periodic configurations for shift spaces defined on (the Cayley graph of) a finitely generated group. We prove that in the case of a full shift on a residually finite group and in that of a group shift space on an abelian group, the periodic configurations are dense. In the one-dimensional case…
This paper proposes a new prediction method for electromigration induced void generation of solder bumps in a wafer level chip scale package (WL-CSP). The methodology is developed based on discretized residual weight method (RWM) in a user-defined finite element analysis (FEA) framework to solve the local electromigra…
Different authors have studied and defined the most critical sector of the roundheads with respect to armour stability in order to calculate the mass needed in the units of the armour. This sector has been located between 90° and 135° relative to the orthogonal of the waves. Moreover, from these studies it is observed…
Nanotechnology is an area of science devoted to the design, construction and utilization of functional structures on the nanometer scale (often 100nm or smaller). Therapeutic applications of nanotechnologies include the treatment of cancer liver diseases. Avoiding the recognition by the liver is also possible by devel…
Pb nucleation on top of a unique Pb island grown on Si(7×7) (in the form of a “hub”-“moat”-ring) confirms that electron confinement causes large variations in critical size cluster ic with island height. Because of smaller radial dimensions (less than 20 nm), the large variation of the nucleated island density on diff…
By alkylation of 3,6-dihydroxyphthalonitrile with 1-bromo-2-phenoxyethane 3,6-bis(2-phenoxyethoxy) phthalonitrile was obtained. A random condensation of the nitrile with 2,3-dicyano-5,6-diphenylpyrazine in 1-butanol in the presence of lithium 1-butanolate porphyrazines were synthesized of symmetric and unsymmetrical s…
This paper develops a new phase–field model for equiaxed dendrite growth of multiple grains in multicomponent alloys based on the Ginzberg–Landau theory and phase–field model of a single grain. Taking Al–Cu and Al–Cu–Mg alloys for example, it couples the concentration field and simulates the dendrite growth process of…
The performance of three-phase induction motors can be severely affected by poor power quality supply, decreasing their efficiency and their life expectancy. Voltage unbalance, voltage magnitude deviation and voltage distortion are the electrical power quality disturbances that most affect the performance of these mot…
Vision begins with photoisomerization of 11-cis retinal to the all-trans conformation within the chromophore-binding pocket of opsin, leading to activation of a biochemical cascade. Release of all-trans retinal from the binding pocket curtails but does not fully quench the ability of opsin to activate transducin. All-…
It has long been recognized that isolates of iron- and sulfur-oxidizing acidophiles referred to as “Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans” probably include more than one species, on the basis of differences in chromosomal GC contents and 16S rRNA gene sequences. Phylogenetic heterogeneity among these isolates was confirmed b…
Epitaxial ZnO films were grown on c-plane SiC-6H substrates using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. X-ray diffraction coupled θ-2θ and ϕ-scans show that the n-type ZnO films have c-axis orientation and in-plane registry with the n-type 6H-SiC substrates. This isotype ZnO∕SiC heterojunction shows rectifying char…
The aim of this paper is to provide performance comparisons among conventional radial flux (RF), multi-stage axial flux (AF) and three-phase transverse flux (AF) permanent magnet (PM) machines for downhole applications where the outer-diameters are limited by well sizes, but the axial lengths can be relatively long. T…
During the lifetime of electronic products, interconnects are susceptible to failures by mechanisms such as fatigue, creep, corrosion, and mechanical over-stress. Regardless of the failure mechanisms, interconnect degradation often starts from the surface and propagates inward. DC resistance, which has been used by th…
ABSTRACT: A soil geochemical survey was conducted over kimberlites in a discontinuous permafrost zone in the James Bay Lowlands, southeastern Hudson Bay Lowlands. The kimberlites are concealed by 10 to 30 m of tills and Tyrell Sea clay sediments. Samples of humus and B-horizon soil were collected at 25–50-m intervals…
The high level of accumulated expertise by ULIS and CEA/LETI on uncooled microbolometers made from amorphous silicon enables ULIS to develop 1024 x 768 (XGA) IRFPA formats with 17μm pixel-pitch to address high end, high performance applications. This detector has kept all the innovations developed on the full TV forma…
Abstract Ab initio simulations play an increasingly relevant role in the study of layered materials. Here we give an overview of the capabilities of modeling tools as applied to the characterization of simple layered hydroxides (e.g. alkali metal and aluminum hydroxides) and clays (e.g. kaolinite and lizardite). In pa…
In this paper, the correlation among the hardness, determined by the nanoindentation method, the thermal conductivity, by the 3ω method and friction coefficient, by the ball on disk (BOD) method; of tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) films deposited on Si substrates and WC/Co substrates by the filtered cathodic vacuu…