Materials Literature
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Gadolinium-based contrast agents (CAs) are widely used to enhance the contrast of images in magnetic resonance imaging procedures. Two categories of gadolinium chelates exist: the macrocyclic molecules where Gd3+ is caged in the pre-organized cavity of the ligand and the linear molecules. Gadolinium chelates differ in…
Using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation and ellipsometry, we show that during adsorption of fibrinogen on evaporated tantalum films the saturation uptake increases with increasing root-mean-square roughness (from 2.0 to 32.9 nm) beyond the accompanying increase in surface area. This increase is attributed t…
Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics, with the nominal composition of 0.948(K0.5Na0.5)NbO3–0.052LiSbO3 (KNN-LS5.2), were synthesized by conventional solid-state sintering, and the piezoelectric and electromechanical properties were characterized as a function of temperature. The Curie temperature of the KNN based perovski…
The Handbook of Fiber Chemistry, Third Edition provides complete coverage of scientific and technological principles for all major natural and synthetic fibers. Incorporating new scientific techniques, instruments, characterization, and processing methods, the book features important technological advances from the pa…
The inhibition of corrosion of mild steel in hydrochloric acid by isatin glycine (ING) and isatin (IN) at 30-60 oC and concentrations of 0.0001 M to 0.0005 M was studied via weight loss method. At the highest inhibitor concentration studied ING exhibited inhibition efficiency of 87% while IN exhibited 84% at 60 oC. A…
Silicon subiodide clusters (Si(n)I(m), n = 1-20) produced by laser ablation of bulk powder silicone tetraiodide have been investigated by time-of-flight mass spectroscopy and ab initio calculations. Both experimental results and theoretical calculations revealed a tendency to form different structures of the clusters…
A double-groove, two-depth dielectric grating structure for high-efficiency light coupling into a light guide is introduced. We show computationally that the optimized gratings can couple a monochromatic TE- or TM-polarized light beam with nearly 100% efficiency. For an unpolarized light beam 90% efficiency can be rea…
An electron-phonon interaction model is proposed and applied to thermal transport in semiconductors at micro/nanoscales. The high electron energy induced by the electric field in a transistor is transferred to the phonon system through electron-phonon interaction in the high field region of the transistor. Due to this…
The crystal structure of the low-temperature form of barium metagermanate (BaGeO3) has been determined from laboratory X-ray powder diffraction data collected at 298.5 (5) K. The structure was found to consist of alternating layers of Ba cations and [GeO3]3 rings, and is closely related to pseudo-wollastonite. The rin…
Polypyrrole (PPy) films of different thickness were characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements in acetonitrile and aqueous solutions, containing 0.1 M NaClO4 or sodium dodecylsulfate as the dopant. The PPy films were electrochemically deposited on Pt, and their electrochemical propertie…
A new halosulphate phosphor NaMgSO4F:Ce3+ and Na3SO4F:Ce3+ was synthesized by wet chemical method. The PL emission spectra of phosphors show strong Ce3+ emission due to the transition of Ce3+ ions. Ce3+ emission in new halosulphates NaMgSO4F and Na3SO4F lattice may be useful for a scintillation application. XRD and ph…
High-resolution neutron powder diffraction has been used in order to characterize the order-disorder transition in monoclinic cyclo-octasulphur. Rapid data collection and the novel use of geometrically constrained refinements has enabled a direct and precise determination of the order parameter, based on molecular sit…
We report the results of experimental determinations of the triplet correlation functions of quasi-two-dimensional one-component and binary colloid suspensions in which the colloid-colloid interaction is short ranged. The suspensions studied range in density from modestly dilute to solid. The triplet correlation funct…
Application of a solar-driven synthesis approach for the production of fullerene-like Cs2O nanoparticles is presented (see figure). The synthesis is performed directly in evacuated quartz ampoules containing a Cs2O crystallite precursor under continuous irradiation with highly concentrated sunlight. Closed-cage nested…
The sticking of hydrogen on $400\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{\AA{}}$ thick magnesium films, grown under ultrahigh vacuum conditions, have been measured under conditions relevant for hydrogen storage, i.e., elevated temperatures and pressures. A model which describes the hydrogenation and desorption kinetics of t…
Thermal plasma conditions (optimal heat and radical sources for the thermal decomposition) can be used to accelerate thermodynamically favorable chemical reactions or provide the energy required for endothermic reforming processes. Direct thermal decomposition of hydrocarbon (methane, acetylene, and propane) was carri…
The characteristics of local motion are explored by molecular dynamics simulations in a series of AB(2)-type dendrimer melts. Systems of generations 3-5 were simulated in a wide temperature range, allowing the assessment of effects associated with molecular size, proximity to the detected glasslike transitions, and th…
A n-butanol-soluble fraction of an ethanolic extract from the roots of Symplocos chinensis showed cytotoxic activity against several cancer cell lines. Bioassay-guided purification led to the isolation and characterization of eight new triterpenoid saponins, symplocososides L-S (1-8). The structures of 1-8 were elucid…
The hypothesis that supercooled water consists of two distinct liquid phases has been explored on the basis of their ability to hydrate nonpolar (Xe) and electrolytic (LiCl) species. Xe incorporated in the bulk of amorphous solid water survives in the deeply supercooled regime above the glass-transition temperature of…
The structure of natural fresnoite, Ba2TiSi2O8, from the sanbornite deposits of eastern Fresno County, California, has been solved and refined as an incommensurate structure in five-dimensional superspace. The structure is tetragonal, superspace group P4bm(alpha, alpha, 1/2)(-alpha, alpha, 1/2)0gg, cell parameters a=8…