Materials Literature
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Measurements of critical dimensions (CDs), roughness, and other dimensional aspects of semiconductor electronics products rely upon secondary electron (SE) images in the scanning electron microscope (SEM). These images are subject to artifacts at the nanometer size scale that is relevant for many of these measurements…
Polycrystalline samples of sodium doped lanthanum manganites of the type La 1− y Na y MnO 3 (0 < y ⩽ 0.15) having nanometric crystallite size have been prepared by microwave processing. The Curie temperature T C of the prepared pellets is strongly dependent on the sodium content in the compound and ranges between 196…
This paper is a comprehensive summary and analysis of a SEMATECH funded project to study the limits of optical critical dimension scatterometry (OCD). The project was focused on two primary elements: 1) the comparison, stability, and validity of industry models and 2) a comprehensive analysis of process stacks to eval…
Abstract By employing a pre‐gelation processing of cellulose solution, this work has presented a new method to prepare cellulose hydrated membranes in NaOH/thiourea aqueous solvent system. The morphology and structure of the hydrated membranes obtained at different pre‐gelation temperatures were studied by scanning el…
New perylenebisimide derivatives hydroxyperylenebisimide and naphthoperylenebisimide were obtained and applied to construct a new solvatochromic dyad 9. The solvatochromic behavior of hydroxyperylenebisimide was studied, and the structure of naphthoperylenebisimide was determined by X-ray crystallography. The spectral…
Abstract Nylon‐6/poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) ultra‐multi‐island sea–island conjugated melt‐spun fibers are flow‐drawn at a draw ratio of 174 with heating by CO 2 laser irradiation. Continuous PET nanofibers that have a diameter of 39 nm could be obtained from the flow‐drawn fiber with further drawing and remova…
A combined approach using the Rietveld technique of structure refinement and DIFFaX simulations of the powder patterns enables us to not only arrive at the complete structure of the layered double hydroxides (LDHs), but also classify and quantify the nature of structural disorder. Hydrolysis of urea dissolved in mixed…
A group of elastically coupled ferroelectric and ferrite composites with the general formula (x)BaTiO3 + (1−x)Ni0.94Co0.01Cu0.05Fe2 O4 (where x = 0.85, 0.70 and 0.55) was prepared by the standard ceramic reaction method. The x-ray diffraction pattern of the composite reveals a spinel phase formation for the ferrite an…
Abstract High‐pressure water jets are used to cut and drill into rocks by generating cavitating water bubbles in the jet which collapse on the surface of the rock target material. The dynamics of submerged bubbles depends strongly on the surrounding pressure, temperature and liquid surface tension. The Rayleigh–Plesse…
Extreme ultra-violet (EUV) lithography has become the technique of choice to print the ever-shrinking nanoscale features on the silicon wafer. For successful transfer of patterns on to the wafer, the EUV photomask cannot contain defects greater than 30 nm. Megasonic cleaning is a very successful cleaning technique for…
High-quality in situ synchrotron powder diffraction data have been used to investigate the decomposition products of bischofite in the temperature range 298 </= T </= 873 K. At least eight phases could be identified: MgCl(2).nH(2)O (n = 1, 2, 4 and 6), MgOHCl.nH(2)O (0 </= n </= 1.0), MgCl(2) and MgO. The crystal stru…
We model a small quantum dot with a magnetic impurity by the Anderson Hamiltonian with a supplementary exchange interaction term. The transport calculations are performed by means of the Green functions within the equation of motion scheme, in which two decoupling procedures are proposed, for high and low temperatures…
We derive the exchange-correlation potential corresponding to the nonlocal van der Waals density functional [M. Dion, H. Rydberg, E. Schroder, D. C. Langreth, and B. I. Lundqvist, Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 246401 (2004)]. We use this potential for a self-consistent calculation of the ground state properties of a number of…
Using time-resolved measurements of local magnetization in the molecular magnet Mn12-ac, we report studies of the propagation of magnetic avalanches (fast magnetization reversals) that originate from points inside the crystals rather than at the edges. The curved nature of the fronts produced by avalanches is reflecte…
In a recent work by Jiang et al. [J. Phys. Chem. Solids 67 (2006) 1531-1536], the interrelationship between lattice constant, ionic radii and tolerance factor of cubic perovskites has been established and an empirical equation was obtained. However, the assumption of incorrect ionic coordination led to an incorrect ma…
It is well known that the magnetic anisotropy in a compressively-strained Mn-doped GaAs film changes from perpendicular to parallel with increasing hole concentration $p$. We study this reorientation transition at T=0 in a quantum well with Mn impurities confined to a single plane. With increasing $p$, the angle $θ$ t…
We have performed an $in$-$situ$ depth profile study of Mn-doped GaN prepared by a low temperature thermal diffusion method using photoemission and x-ray absorption spectroscopy. It was revealed from the core-level photoemission measurements that Mn ions are diffused into a deep ($\sim$ 70 Å) region of the GaN substra…
A thin film of the ternary chalcogenide glassy alloy (As 2 Se 3 ) 90 Ge 10 has been deposited on a glass substrate by the thermal evaporation technique under vacuum. The optical parameters, refractive index ( n ) and extinction coefficient ( k ), have been calculated in the wavelength range 400–1500 nm by analysing th…
A novel automation pipeline for macromolecular structure solution by molecular replacement is described. There is a special emphasis on the discovery and preparation of a large number of search models, all of which can be passed to the core molecular-replacement programs. For routine molecular-replacement problems, th…
Highly regioselective photooxidation of methyl cycloalkenes has been performed in an aqueous medium by selectively blocking two of the three allylic hydrogens through supramolecular steric effect. Hydrophobic, steric, and weak intermolecular C−H−π interactions are suggested to be responsible for the specific orientati…