Materials Literature
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Abstract Ethylene—propylene—diene functionalized with mercapto groups (EPDMSH) was employed as compatibilizing agent for natural rubber (NR)/EPDM blends, resulting in a substantial increase of the ultimate tensile strength of these blends without affecting the elongation at break. There is also a decrease of the curin…
When one considers systems with orientational order, such as liquid crystals, there are various aspects of the ordering that one wishes to quantify. Two properties of the system that one wishes to identify are its overall director, and the extent to which it exhibits biaxiality. We give an exposition of some standard…
We have investigated nematic and smectic surface-induced ordering in the isotropic phase of the 4-cyano-4'-n-octylbiphenyl liquid crystal on silanated BK7 and LaSF glass using atomic force spectroscopy and Brewster angle ellipsometry. We have observed complete wetting of the silanated glass surfaces with the nematic p…
The europium hexafluoroacetylacetonate complex Eu(hfac)3(diglyme) was synthesized to examine its fluorescence and conversion to a Eu(II) analog. Reaction of Eu(hfac)3(diglyme) with potassium produced the unexpected trivalent product [EuF(hfac)3K(diglyme)]2. This reduction system was studied further by synthesizing oth…
The location of chemical defects in single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) can easily be identified as is presented in this communication. The method relies on the formation of Se nanoparticles via site-selective oxidation of H2Se, which works under soft conditions at room temperature and is able to reveal the defect…
Abstract New water‐soluble grafted polysaccharides containing sulfobetaine groups were synthesized by the grafting of the sulfobetaine‐type zwitterionic monomer 3‐dimethyl‐(methacryloyloxyethyl)ammonium propane sulfonate (DMAPS) onto hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) in the presence of a ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN)/ethyle…
Abstract New semicrystalline polyimide/oligoimide blends, designated for matrices in carbon fiber‐reinforced composites, were developed. A specific advantage of the proposed polyimides is their ability to crystallize from the melt, therein retaining their crystallinity throughout the manufacturing process. The generat…
Abstract Poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) (PHB)/poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA) blends with the PGMA content up to 30 wt % were prepared by a solution‐precipitation procedure. The thermal decomposition of PHB/PGMA blends was studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and differenti…
The thermal conductivity of diamond crystals with different isotope contents is evaluated in the framework of a microscopic model that considers acoustic- and optical-phonon branches. The phonon Boltzmann equation is solved iteratively, with the phonon wave vectors taken in the real Brillouin zone and the three-phonon…
The polycondensation of [3-(methacryloxy)propyl]trimethoxysilane was performed in bulk, using 98 wt % formic acid (molar ratio HCOOH/Si = 3 or 6), at 50 or 70 °C, for periods of time of up to 1 month. The resulting silsesquioxanes (SSOs) were characterized by 1 H NMR, FTIR, SEC, UV−MALDI−TOF MS (linear, reflector, and…
This colloquium discusses the atomic structure of carbon nanotubes as deduced from high-resolution electron microscopy and electron diffraction in transmission through a single nanotube. The principal features of the observed micrographs are interpreted in terms of the cylindrical, chiral geometry of the atomic distri…
Fabrication of an oxide−oxide nanocomposite, containing a homogeneous dispersion of NdAlO 3 nanocrystals in an Al 2 O 3 matrix, is achieved by employing a single molecular compound, [NdAl 3 (OPr i ) 12 (Pr i OH)], in the sol−gel process. X-ray diffraction patterns of the composite material show NdAlO 3 to be the only…
In this study, bubble production in a glass of champagne was used as a common tool to illustrate and better understand the nonclassical heterogeneous bubble nucleation from pre-existing gas cavities, referred as type IV nucleation in a recent review article (Jones et al. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci . 1999, 80, 27−50).…
Ultrafast optical switching from an ionic ( I) to a neutral ( N) state in TTF-CA was observed in femtosecond reflection spectroscopy. Charge transfer excitation in the I phase produces N donor ( D0) acceptor ( A0) strings within 2 ps. These initial N states decay with a lifetime of 300 ps at 4 K, but rather multiply l…
We numerically study the potential energy landscape of a fragile glassy system and find that the dynamic crossover corresponding to the glass transition is actually the effect of an underlying geometric transition caused by the vanishing of the instability index of saddle points of the potential energy. Furthermore, w…
This book presents an introduction to the theory of electronic transport in the solid state. The author starts with a reminder of the quantum theory of condensed matter and then concentrates on carrier transport itself. A wide range of subtopics is touched upon in different chapters, e.g. transport in bulk samples and…
Reaction mechanisms between titanium isopropoxide and deuterated water in the atomic layer deposition (ALD) of TiO2 at 150–350 °C were studied using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and a quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS). The temperature had no marked effect on the total amount of the main gaseous by-product (CH3…
Fully dense doped-ZnO varistors with sub- micrometer grain size (see Figure for a TEM image) can be fabricated by a strategic two-stage, one-cycle, thermal processing method at temperatures as low as 825 °C. The nonlinear coefficients α of such fully dense varistors are as high as 270, which is more than one order of…
Due to the effects of surface electromigration, waves can propagate over the free surface of a current-carrying metallic or semiconducting film of thickness h_0. In this paper, waves of finite amplitude, and slow modulations of these waves, are studied. Periodic wave trains of finite amplitude are found, as well as th…
We study the light transmission in two-dimensional photonic crystal waveguides with embedded nonlinear defects. First, we derive the effective discrete equations with long-range interaction for describing the waveguide modes, and demonstrate that they provide a highly accurate generalization of the familiar tight-bind…