Materials Literature
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This issue is dedicated to Regents' Professor John Maxwell Cowley, FRS, in recognition of his lifelong contributions to electron microscopy, diffraction, and crystallography. This collection of 22 peer-reviewed articles is based on presentations made at the international workshop entitled “Recent Developments and Appl…
The solvation force of a simple fluid confined between identical planar walls is studied in two model systems with short ranged fluid-fluid interactions and long-ranged wall-fluid potentials decaying as -Az(-p),z--> infinity, for various values of p. Results for the Ising spins system are obtained in two dimensions at…
Kinematical and two-beam calculations have been conducted and are compared to experimental precession data for the large unit cell crystal La4Cu3MoO12. Precession electron diffraction intensities are found to exhibit approximate two-beam behavior and demonstrate clear advantages over conventional SADP intensities for…
The Gibbs-Duhem equation for interfaces between nematic liquid crystals and isotropic fluids is formulated and shown to be a generic equation for soft anisotropic surfaces. The one-to-one correspondence between the nematic and crystalline surface Gibbs-Duhem equations is established. Consistency between the surface Gi…
Semiempirical MSINDO calculations were performed to study the selective catalytic reduction of NO to N 2 on vanadium pentoxide supported by anatase. The active part of the surface was modeled by V 2 O 7 species bound to the anatase (100) surface, which in turn was modeled by a sufficiently large anatase cluster satura…
We use multispeckle diffusive wave spectroscopy to probe the micron-scale dynamics of a water-saturated granular pile submitted to discrete gentle taps. The typical time scale between plastic events is found to increase dramatically with the number of applied taps. Furthermore, this microscopic dynamics weakly depends…
The charge-density-wave (CDW) transitions in compounds ${R}_{5}{\mathrm{Ir}}_{4}{\mathrm{Si}}_{10}$ $(\mathrm{R}=\mathrm{r}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{e}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{t}\mathrm{h}$ element) have been studied by x-ray-diffraction and electrical conductivity experiments for temperat…
The syntheses and characterization of two new, highly soluble, single-molecule magnets [Mn12O12(CF3COO16(H2O)4].2CF3COOH.4H2O (1) and Mn12O12(CF3COO16(H2O)4].CF3COOH.7H2O (2) are reported. Compound 1 was isolated from the reaction of Mn12O12(CF3COO16(H2O)4] with trifluoroacetic acid in CH2Cl2. Compound 1 crystallizes…
The polymer-on-polymer stamping technique was used to template patterned TiO2 onto polymer thin films. Polystyrene-b-polyvinyl pyridine diblock copolymer (PS-b-PVP) was stamped on a layer-by-layer assembled thin film of poly(allylamine hydrochloride) and poly(acrylic acid). After rinsing the surface with a good solven…
Abstract Polyolefin binary and ternary blends were prepared from polypropylene (PP), an ethylene–α‐olefin copolymer (mPE), and high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) on the basis of the viscosity ratio of the dispersed phase to the continuous phase. In PP/mPE/HDPE blends, fibrils were observed when the dispersed‐phase (mPE/…
Abstract Polypropylene blends and composites with 5, 10, and 15 vol % of EPDM and 2, 4, and 6 vol % of untreated and treated wollastonite filler were examined by applying different techniques. Elastomeric ethylene/propylene/diene terpolymer (EPDM) component and wollastonite influenced the crystallization process of is…
Abstract Silicone elastomers were surface modified by oxygen microwave plasma under different conditions and the elemental composition was followed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The changes in elemental composition were mapped by a method based on ternary XPS diagrams that we have recently developed. Alre…
The energy migration dynamics have been studied in multi-centered assemblies embedded in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) films using steady-state and time-resolved emission techniques. The assemblies consist of twenty Ru(II) and Os(II) polypyridyl coordination complexes linked through a polystyrene backbone. Energy m…
The evolution of molecular hydrogen from UO 2 (100) surfaces exposed to water vapor has been studied using temperature programmed desorption. No hydrogen evolution is observed from well-annealed, pristine surfaces. Significant amounts of hydrogen, however, desorb from highly defected, ion-sputtered surfaces at ∼400 K.…
The preparation of proteins for structural and functional analysis using the Escherichia coli expression system is often hampered by the formation of insoluble intracellular protein aggregates (inclusion bodies). Transferring those proteins into their native states by in vitro protein folding requires screening for th…
Silk produced from the major ampullate (MA) gland supercontracts when wet, and in this paper, we investigate the consequences of high humidity and of the added load of water droplets condensing from saturated air on the mechanical integrity of the spiders' orb web. We measured the development of the supercontraction s…
Sintering of a palladium catalyst supported on alumina (Al2O3) in an oxidizing environment was studied by in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In the case of a fresh catalyst, sintering of Pd particles on an alumina surface in a 500 mTorr steam environment happened via traditional ripening or migration and…
Paracetamol was precipitated from solution in acetone using compressed carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) as an antisolvent in a batch gas antisolvent (GAS) recrystallization process. In this study, the effect of specific carbon dioxide addition rate (0.067−6.0 min -1 ), temperature (5−40 °C), relative solute concentration in ace…
Abstract The ene reaction between plant oil triglycerides (such as soybean and sunflower oils) and paraformaldehyde was used to introduce a homoallylic hydroxyl functionality on the triglyceride. Paraformaldehyde and triglyceride were reacted in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst, ethylaluminum dichloride, and hydr…
Lipases from different sources were screened to determine their relative performance to catalyze ω-pentadecalactone (PDL) ring-opening polymerization from the hydroxyl group of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (2-HEMA) and ω-hydroxyl-ω‘-methacrylate−poly(ethylene glycol) [PEGMA ( M n 360)]. Novozym 435 was found to be the…