Materials Literature
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A review of the coupled cluster method (CCM) applied to lattice quantum spin systems is presented here. The CCM formalism is explained and an application to the spin-half {\it XXZ} model on the square lattice is presented. Low orders of approximation are carried out analytically and a high-order CCM formulation is pre…
Fabrication of nanofibrous scaffolds with well-defined architecture mimicking native extracellular matrix analog has significant potentials for many specific tissue engineering and organs regeneration applications. The fabrication of aligned collagen nanofibrous scaffolds by electrospinning was described in this study…
More than 750 d 0 transition metal oxide octahedra have been examined in order to better understand the out-of-center distortion occurring with these cations. A continuous symmetry measures approach was used to quantify the magnitude and direction of the distortion. Using this approach we were able to divide the d 0 t…
At low temperatures, proteins exist in a glassy state, a state that has no conformational flexibility and shows no biological functions. In a hydrated protein, at temperatures greater-- similar 220 K, this flexibility is restored, and the protein is able to sample more conformational substates, thus becoming biologica…
The fibrous collagens are ubiquitous in animals and form the structural basis of all mammalian connective tissues, including those of the heart, vasculature, skin, cornea, bones, and tendons. However, in comparison with what is known of their production, turnover and physiological structure, very little is understood…
The effect of bias electric fields E = on the dielectric response of x PZN − (1 − x )PSN ferroelectric solid solutions with PZN contents x = 0, 0.05, 0.20, and 0.50 is investigated in the temperature ranges corresponding to the smeared phase transitions of the studied compounds. It is concluded that an increase in the…
The anomalous polarization of relaxor ferroelectrics (relaxors), such as solid solutions of barium-strontium niobate (SBN) and lead magnesium niobate (PMN), is studied in ac low-frequency (up to 10 −4 Hz) and dc electric fields. The results of studying dielectric hysteresis loops, polarization relaxation, the coercive…
Etching studies in gamma-irradiated Makrofol-KG polycarbonate track recorder are reported. Gamma doses ranging between 0 and 500 kGy from a Co60 source have been employed for irradiation. The bulk etch rate, V B, the track etch rate, V T, and the sensitivity, S, are determined in the temperature range of 323–353 K usi…
At the molecular level, the structure of liquids is in a state of constant turmoil. If the liquid is a polar dielectric, its response to an applied field will critically depend on the freedom of dipoles to respond to it. In general, each dipolar molecule will be subjected to a constant bombardment from its neighbours…
Inceptisols are the major forest soils in northern Taiwan. Some chemical, physical and morphological properties have been documented for these soils, yet there is little information on the mineralogy and the charge characteristics of their constituent 2:1 clay minerals. In this study we conducted a detailed characteri…
The well-arrayed Pd and Au nanoparticle thin films were successfully prepared by making use of self-assembled PS-b-P4VP block copolymer (BCP) as a mask for the reduction of PdCl2 deposited on glass substrate. The films consisted of spherialcal nanoparticles with an average diameter of about 45 nm. For monitoring the s…
Abstract Ultrasonic irradiation was employed for the degradation of trihalomethanes (THMs) CHCl 3 , CHBrCl 2 , CHBr 2 Cl, CHBr 3 , and CHI 3 . The effects of various reaction and sonication conditions on the sonodegradation of THMs were examined and explained by the principles of sonochemistry. Batch experiments were…
Polarization optic techniques have been applied to study specific features of the anisotropic interaction between a dye‐doped eutectic mixture of nematic liquid crystals p‐methoxybenzylidene‐p‐n‐butylaniline and p‐ethoxybenzylidene‐p‐n‐butylaniline and a polar surface of a ferroelectric triglycine sulphate crystal ove…
Bismuth nanoparticles have been produced by the oxidation of the Zintl polyanion Bi4 2− in ethylenediamine solutions. TEM images indicate that the crystalline nanoparticles produced in the presence of polyethylene glycol are in the size range of ∼20 nm. The oxidation of the polyanion by 2‐octanol produce larger nanopa…
Transition-metal (Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Cu) containing periodic nanoporous catalysts, were synthesized hydrothermally and characterized using various analytical and spectroscopic techniques. The catalytic performance of the different catalysts was systematically evaluated with a detailed study on TiMCM-41. All the catalyst…
A high-density single-phase submicrometer ceramic Mn3O4 with a grain size d ≥ 0.06 μm has been obtained by using spherically converging shock waves. The action of shock waves reduces the unit cell volume and increases the Curie temperature T C . The shape of the temperature dependences of reciprocal susceptibility x −…
Abstract Several categories of carbon nanomaterials have been synthesized using an alkali element‐doped Cu catalyst by a simple CVD method. By controlling the reaction temperature, various products such as multibranched carbon nanotubes, carbon nanotubes filled with Cu nanocones at the tips (Cu‐CNTs), and Cu‐CNTs with…
In this paper measuring results of partial discharges in power cable accessories are described. For the purpose of measuring simultaneously partial discharge activity in three or more accessories during an acceptance test, a wireless partial discharge detection system was developed. Therefore, each power cable accesso…
In the light of ϕ-mapping method and topological current theory, the stability of disclinations around a spherical particle in nematic liquid crystals is studied. We consider two different defect structures around a spherical particle: disclination ring and point defect at the north or south pole of the particle. We c…
This paper shows the results of different chemical syntheses: sol‐gel, spray‐drying, coprecipitation, involved in the production of niobium doped lead zirconate titanate ceramic materials. The formation of pure perovskitic phase at temperatures 300–400 °C lower than the traditional mixed oxide method confirmed the pot…