Materials Literature
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We describe an experimental technique that allows for the direct determination of the motion (i.e., the momentum) of electrons in atoms, molecules, and solids. This ($e$, $2e$) technique centers on a fast electron's ejecting a second electron from a target. Precise spectroscopy of both electrons' final energies and mo…
Remote argon plasma (RP) and ozone in the presence of ultraviolet light (UV–O3) were used to render polystyrene (PS) surfaces hydrophilic in a controlled manner for eventual application in cell-surface interaction studies. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to characterize both methods of modification. Th…
Liquid crystal (LC) mixtures of a reactive diacrylate and a commercial ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) mixture were produced. The mixtures were brought into cells provided with orientation layers in which various orientations such as uniaxial and twisted orientations, could be induced. When the desired orientation…
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Unlike Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 and similar ferroelectric relaxors which never truly become ferroelectric at zero‐field, disordered Pb(Sc 1/2 Ta 1/2 )O 3 (PST) is a relaxor that spontaneously transforms into a ferroelectric phase. The control of the degree of order of the B‐site cations in PST by appropriate heat treatme…
On the basis of a generalization of the Rapini-Papoular expression [J. Phys. (Paris) Colloq. 30, C4-54 (1969)] for the anchoring energy, the rigorous expressions for the threshold and saturation fields are derived analytically, in detail, for a field-controlled twisted chiral nematic slab with weak boundary coupling.…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUltrafast Photoinduced Electron Transfer in Rigid Porphyrin-Quinone DyadsAlisdair N. Macpherson, Paul A. Liddell, Su Lin, Lori Noss, Gilbert R. Seely, Janice M. DeGraziano, Ana L. Moore, Thomas A. Moore, and Devens GustCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 27, 7202–7212Pub…
Analytic expressions for a multiple-cascade model were derived to study the filling of L and K vacancies of hollow Ne atoms moving in shallow layers of an Al surface. The model requires cross sections for charge transfer into the L shell of the projectile that were determined from molecular-orbital calculations includ…
Nanoscale tubular biomaterials (e.g. see Fig.) produced by the self‐assembly of peptide nanotube structures have a potentially wide range of applications in chemistry, biology, and materials science. The methods of producing such structures are reviewed and a number of potential applications discussed magnified image .
Abstract Small colloidal particles *) and clusters *) of semiconductors and metals exhibit unusual properties and may be considered as a new physico‐chemical dimension between the molecules and the bulk materials. The surface to volume ratio is extremely large; small‐particle research therefore constitutes a combinati…
Abstract The application of the technique of observing the light scattering from solid polymers for the study of amorphous phase separation, spherulitic crystallization, phase separation in crystalline polymers, and coarsening of liquid crystal polymers is reviewed. The effect of shear and electrical and magnetic fiel…
The diffusion bonding (DB)/superplastic forming (SPF) manufacturing process, for titanium 6A1/4V material, has been developed within British Aerospace for the manufacture of military aircraft components. Diffusion bonding of titanium alloys offers the potential for parent metal joint strengths, and when combined with…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and Characterization of Graft Copolymers with Molecularly Uniform Urethane-Based Side Chains with Special Structural ElementsClaus D. Eisenbach and T. HeinemannCite this: Macromolecules 1995, 28, 14, 4815–4821Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1995Publication History…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffective Thermal Conductivity of Monolithic and Porous Catalyst Supports by the Moment TechniqueKirali Murtezaoglu, Esra Oray, Timur Dogu, Gulsen Dogu, Nurdan Saracoglu, and Canan CabbarCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1995, 40, 4, 720–725Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1995P…
Abstract The self‐assembly of a binary mixture of polystyreneblock‐polybutadiene (SB) and poly(methyl vinyl ether) (PVME) was studied by transmission electron microscopy and time‐resolved light scattering. The self‐assembly studied involved first microphase separation, in which a microdomain structure composed of poly…
Abstract Flory‐Huggins interaction parameters χ were determined by means of equilibrium vapor pressures (measured via a combination of a head‐space sampler with a gas chromatograph) and light scattering as a function of composition and temperature for the systems cyclohexanone/polystyrene [CHO/PS] and cyclohexanone/po…
The field induced transition from the space modulated spin structures to the homogeneous antiferro-magnetic state in magnetic ferroelectrics R x Bi1–x FeO3 (R = La3+, Nd3+, Dy3+) was investigated. It has been established that space modulated spin structures (SMSS) exists in compounds: with La up to concentration x = 0…
Abstract The present paper explores an effective means of characterizing structural changes of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) particles during gelation and fusion of PVC plastisols with small angle light scattering (SALS). The SALS method was shown to provide an in situ observation of swelling of PVC particles as well as…
Abstract Tetrads 3 and 5 consisting of 1,2-phenylene-bridged zinc diporphyrin (D), zinc porphyrin (M), pyromellitimide (I), and quinone (Q) were synthesized. Upon photoexcitation, these tetrads provide fully charge separated ion pair states (D)+—M—I—(Q)−, whose lifetimes are longer than those of corresponding Q-free t…
Helium reemission, trapping, and thermal desorption from highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG and HPG) of different orientation, polycrystalline graphite (EK98), and titanium doped graphite (RG-Ti-91) have been measured at irradiation temperatures of 300 K and 800 K. The implantation was performed with a 40 keV 4He…