Materials Literature
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Homoepitaxial growth is unstable towards the formation of pyramidal mounds when interlayer transport is reduced due to activation barriers to hopping at step edges. Simulations of a lattice model and a continuum equation show that a small amount of desorption dramatically speeds up the coarsening of the mound array, l…
On the basis of the pseudopotential plane-wave (PP-PW) method in combination with the local density functional theory (LDFT), complete stress-strain curves for the uniaxial loading and uniaxial deformation along the [001] and [111] directions, and the biaxial proportional extension along [010] and [001] for aluminium…
The mysterious coexistence of ferromagnetism and charge ordering in ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.5}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{0.5}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ is found to result from an inhomogenous spatial mixture of incommensurate charge-ordered and ferromagnetic charge-disordered microdomains with a size of 20--30 nm. Furthermore, high resolution…
Abstract The structure and dynamics of silica hard spheres and charged colloidal systems has been investigated at high concentrations by means of light scattering. The index of refraction at these high volume fractions was matched using a mixture of water/isopropanol for the Yukawa particles and toluene/ethanol for th…
The magnetoelastic contribution ΔĈ (3) to the effective third-order elastic constants Ĉ (3) ef is determined; it describes the additional elastic anharmonicity induced by nonlinear spin-spin and spin-phonon interactions in ferromagnets. In the vicinity of magnetoacoustic resonance, this anharmonicity can be manifested…
Ga, Tl, Sn, Pb, As, Sb, Bi, Cd, and Hg chlorides react with magnesium anthracene · 3 THF (MgA), anthracene-activated magnesium, or “active magnesium” (Mg*) in THF, generating the respective Mg intermetallics in a nanocrystalline or amorphous state (Eqs. 1–3). Mg intermetallics accessible through the wet-chemical route…
Abstract Crystallization of natural rubber (NR) and trans -1,4-polyisoprene (TPI) in blends with styrene—butadiene rubber (SBR) has been studied dilatometrically. For TPI, the melting temperature and Avrami index of crystallization kinetics were unchanged by blending with SBR. However, the rate of crystallization was…
Synchrotron radiation offers several advantages over the use of rotating anode sources for biological crystallography, which allow for the collection of higher-resolution data, substantially more rapid data collection, phasing by multiwavelength anomalous diffraction (MAD) techniques, and time-resolved experiments usi…
Two related and not thoroughly resolved issues in biochemistry concern the role, if any, of enzyme surfaces in routine metabolism and the method by which metabolic intermediates move between enzyme active sites during multi-step degradation or synthesis. An important enzyme for which a detailed three-dimensional struc…
Calculations of the phonon spectrum of crystalline In 4 Se 3 in a model of central-pair interactions with neglect of the long-range forces are presented. The model developed contains five unknown parameters, which are determined from experimental values of the elastic moduli without consideration of the internal displ…
A study of cathodoluminescence spectra of silicon oxide films grown thermally on silicon is reported. It has been established that the cathodoluminescence properties of thermal films are nonuniform in depth and depend on the growth conditions and characteristics of the silicon substrate.
Seedless crystallization of Ge and GaSb melts was achieved under microgravity occurring in a drop-shaft capsule. It was observed that melts levitated in Ar atmosphere, formed into a spherical shape and were solidified instantaneously when they collided with the container quartz wall. X-ray diffraction pattern of these…
2-Diphenylphosphino-phenol was chosen as an ambivalent (hard/soft) chelating ligand for biologically important first row transition metals. The expected mode of complexation is relevant to trapping of metal ions in humic acids and related environmental ion exchange systems with phenolate functions. The 1:2 complex wit…
A polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) reactor is described for use in Kolbe electrolysis: the anodic oxidation of an alkyl carboxylic acid with subsequent decarboxylation and coupling to yield a dimer, 2 RCOOH → R ‐ R + 2 CO 2 + 2 e − + 2 H + . Platinized Nafion® 117 is the PEM and functions simultaneously as the elect…
Abstract From a study on nitrogenation and hydrogenation characteristics of Laves phase-type intermetallic compound (TiFe2) and its surface modified composite (Ru/Al2O3/TiFe2), nitrogen molecule was found to be converted to ammonia via formation of TiFe2Nx at ambient pressure.
Experimental investigations on the removal of Cd(II) from aqueous solution were carried out using a foam separation technique with sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium laurate. The effects of pH, surfactant, and foreign ions on the efficiency of Cd(II) removal are discussed. Foam flotation with sodium laurate gave better…
The crystallization rate of two vinylidene fluoride(VF2)-tetrafluoroethylene(VF4) copolymers (VF2/VF4 90/10) (Cop-1), (VF2/VF4 86/14) (Cop-2) and their cocrystals of different compositions was measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). At same undercooling (ΔT) the crystallization rate of cocrystals is faste…
High-temperature NiTi1−xHfx shape memory alloy thin films with Hf contents up to 29.9 at. % were obtained by laser ablation of different composite targets. The crystal structures and phase transformation behavior of the annealed thin films were characterized by x-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimeter,…
A model including an isotopic exchange reaction of T+, HT, H2 and H+ dissolved in Flibe is proposed to explain the tritium release behavior from Flibe in an in-pile experiment. The temporal change of HT release rate for about two hours after the start of tritium generation observed by the experiment was well reproduce…
The kinetics of the formation of impurity complexes associated with selenium is investigated. The stationary density of complexes is obtained as a function of temperature and the density of selenium atoms that occupy silicon lattice sites. It is established that in the process of interconversions of electrically activ…